79 Questions
What is the primary symptom in stroke according to the text?
Pain
Where does the internal carotid artery enter the skull?
Through the carotid canal
What is the leading cause of injuries to the arteries in the neck according to the text?
Aging and atherosclerosis
What is a possible consequence of trauma to the inner layer of the artery according to the text?
Rise in tissue that can occlude blood flow
What is the 3rd leading cause of death in the US according to the text?
Stroke
For this class, what type of stroke should one be most aware of according to the text?
Vertebral artery strokes
Which of the following is NOT listed as a major risk factor for stroke?
Cervicogenic Headache
What is the most common age of onset for cervicogenic headaches?
30-39 years
Which test showed a significant difference in C1-2 range of motion between control/migraines aura and cervicogenic headaches?
Cervical Flexion-Rotation Test
Which of the following is an effective intervention for patients with cervicogenic headaches based on the text?
Neck exercise (low intensity endurance training)
What is the prevalence range of cervicogenic headaches according to the provided text?
0.5-3.5%
Which manipulation or mobilization technique is recommended for chronic neck pain with mobility deficits according to the CPG Intervention Guidelines?
Cervical or cervicothoracic manipulation or mobilizations
What is the estimated rate of occurrence of all strokes?
269 per 100,000
What are the common symptoms of internal carotid artery dissection?
Ipsilateral carotid bruit
What is a suggested sequence for using manual therapy interventions in an individual with new onset neck complaints?
Thoracic manipulation & ROM → reassess at visit 2, if better → cervical mobilization/manipulation
What is the estimated risk assessment for 'Adverse Events' related to chiropractic manipulation and stroke?
1 in 3,020 to 1 in a million
What are the potential signs of intracranial pathology for a patient with suspected cervicogenic headaches?
Weight loss and fever
What are the common symptoms of vertebral artery dissection?
Horner’s syndrome
Which of the following is considered a poor prognostic factor for chronic whiplash-associated disorders?
High initial pain and disability
What is a potential involved structure in whiplash that can contribute to long-term signs/symptoms?
Muscles and ligaments
What is a common symptom of chronic whiplash-associated disorders?
Ringing in the ears
What treatment approach is recommended for mild symptoms of chronic whiplash-associated disorders?
Gradual introduction of graded activity and exposure
What is cervicogenic dizziness thought to originate from?
Dysfunction within the cervical spine
What type of impairments have been found in association with persistent neck pain?
Postural stability impairments
What is the appropriate intervention for neck pain with mobility deficits in the chronic phase?
Thoracic manipulation & cervical manipulation or mobilization
What test is used to assess the endurance of the deep neck flexor muscles?
Deep neck flexor endurance test
Why is training deep neck flexors not independent from a well-rounded motor control, strength, & endurance program?
Increased activation of superficial muscles
Which type of exercises should be included in those with neck pain to train the eccentric/concentric function of the cervical extensors?
Prone on elbows exercises
What is the procedure for performing the craniocervical flexion test?
Inflate pressure unit to 20mmHg, perform 5 different pressures, hold for 10 seconds at each pressure
What is the appropriate intervention for neck pain with mobility deficits in the sub-acute phase?
Provide neck & shoulder girdle endurance exercises
What test is used to assess the cervical-ocular reflex by having the patient hold their head still and fixate their gaze while moving their trunk from side to side?
Smooth pursuit neck torsion test
Which reflex stabilizes images on the retina during head movements and sends information to the central nervous system to control eye movement?
Vestibulo-ocular reflex
What kind of impairments can result in dysfunctional cervical afferents?
Impairments due to direct trauma or alterations in afferent feedback
What is a commonly used test to assess postural stability?
Rhomburg's test
Which examination includes testing for smooth pursuit, gaze stability, and head thrust?
Physical examination of the central nervous system
What type of manual therapy focused on self-SNAG and passive joint mobilization with range of motion exercises showed benefits for patients with cervicogenic dizziness?
Manual therapy for cervical spine
What does JPE stand for in the context of cervicogenic dizziness?
Joint position error
What is considered abnormal cervical proprioception in relation to the Joint Position Error test?
$> 4.5°$
What does CCFT stand for in the context of cervicogenic dizziness?
$\text{Craniocervical Flexion Test}$
What is the estimated rate of occurrence of chiropractic manipulation and stroke?
1.3 per 100,000
What are the common symptoms of vertebral artery dissection?
Scalp tenderness
What is the estimated risk assessment for 'Adverse Events' related to chiropractic manipulation and stroke?
1 in 3,020 to 1 in a million
What is a potential involved structure in whiplash that can contribute to long-term signs/symptoms?
C2-C6 cervical root impairment
Describe a suggested sequence for using manual therapy interventions in an individual with new onset neck complaints.
Thoracic manipulation & ROM → reassess at visit 2, if better → cervical mobilization/manipulation
What type of headache is primarily occipital and radiates into the head and face unilaterally?
Cervicogenic headache
What is a possible consequence of trauma to the inner layer of the artery according to the text?
Development of a rise in the tissue that occludes blood flow
What is the 3rd leading cause of death in the US according to the text?
Stroke
What is the primary symptom in stroke according to the text?
Pain
What is considered abnormal cervical proprioception in relation to the Joint Position Error test?
Reduced ability to discriminate neck positions
For this class, what type of stroke should one be most aware of according to the text?
Vertebral artery stroke
What is the potential involved structure in whiplash that can contribute to long-term signs/symptoms according to the text?
Vascular system
What is considered the gold standard for the diagnosis of cervicogenic headache?
Diagnostic blocks
What is a major risk factor for cervicogenic headaches?
Blood clotting disorders
What is the average age of onset for cervicogenic headaches?
42
What is the efficacy of spinal manipulation for cervicogenic headaches?
Effective in the short term compared to placebo spinal manipulation
Which exercise intervention has shown effectiveness for patients with cervicogenic headaches?
Neck exercise (low intensity endurance training)
What intervention is recommended for chronic neck pain with mobility deficits according to the CPG Intervention Guidelines?
Provide cervical manipulation & mobilization combined with shoulder girdle & neck stretching, strengthening, & endurance exercise
What is a potential factor that can influence chronicity in whiplash-associated disorders?
Restricted neck movement
What is a poor prognostic factor for chronic whiplash-associated disorders?
Fear of movement
What is a common symptom of chronic whiplash-associated disorders?
Depression and anxiety
What type of symptoms are highly variable and non-specific in whiplash-associated disorders?
Tinnitus
What does cervicogenic dizziness originate from?
Dysfunction within the cervical spine
What type of sensorimotor function disturbance can be associated with persistent neck pain?
Impairment in postural stability
What is the procedure for performing the deep neck flexor endurance test?
Patient supine in hook-lying position, tuck & lift the chin isometrically, head lifted 1 inch off table while keeping chin retracted
Which type of training should be used to restore the functional deficits related to deep neck flexors?
Low load endurance training (load at 20% or less of MVC), longer duration training
What is the primary purpose of incorporating axioscapular muscles into craniocervical flexion exercises?
To improve proprioceptive abilities of the neck
What is the recommended position for training deep lower cervical extensor muscles?
Prone on elbows or 4 point kneeling
What type of exercise progression is used to train cervical flexor muscles with an emphasis on coordinated action & low-endurance of deep and superficial cervical flexor muscles?
Use of stabilizer pressure biofeedback device
What is the purpose of using a stabilizer pressure biofeedback device during exercise progression for cervical flexor muscles?
To enhance inner-range concentric & eccentric performance of all cervical flexor muscles
What is the vestibulo-ocular reflex (VOR) responsible for?
Stabilizing images on the retina during head movements and controlling eye movement
Which test is used to assess postural stability?
Rhomberg’s test
What does the deep neck flexor endurance or craniocervical flexion test assess?
The endurance of the deep neck flexor muscles
What intervention showed benefits for patients with cervicogenic dizziness, focusing on dizziness intensity & frequency, Dizziness Handicap Inventory, pain intensity, and balance?
Manual Therapy for Cervical Spine
What is considered abnormal cervical proprioception in relation to the Joint Position Error test?
Greater than 4.5° angular difference
Which manipulation technique was focused on in an intervention study for cervicogenic dizziness, showing long term benefits for patients?
Joint mobilization with range of motion exercises
What should be retrained if the Joint Position Error test indicates abnormal cervical proprioception?
Cervical proprioception
What is implicated in likely dysfunction in cervicogenic dizziness according to the provided text?
Balance and Neck Pain
What type of exercises are suggested for training deep neck flexors in cervicogenic dizziness?
'Shoulder abduction' and 'Shoulder retraction'
'Self-SNAG' and 'passive joint mobilization with ROM exercises' were part of an intervention study focused on which condition?
Cervicogenic Dizziness
Test your knowledge of interventions for managing neck pain with mobility deficits. This quiz covers the use of thoracic and cervical manipulations, as well as the importance of incorporating exercises in patient care. Dive into the CPG intervention guidelines and assessment techniques.
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