NCM105 Macronutrients I: Carbohydrates
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Questions and Answers

What is the major source of energy for the body?

  • Vitamins
  • Carbohydrates (correct)
  • Fats
  • Proteins

    • Which form of carbohydrate is the storage form of glucose in the body?

  • Fructose
  • Maltose
  • Glycogen (correct)
  • Sucrose

    • Which hormone facilitates the uptake of glucose into cells?

  • Insulin (correct)
  • Glucagon
  • Leptin
  • Adrenaline

    • What is the primary function of carbohydrates in sparing proteins?

    <p>Energy production</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of fiber forms a gel that provides bulk for the intestines and binds cholesterol?

    <p>Soluble fiber</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the sweetest natural sugar?

    <p>Fructose</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which digestive end product results from the breakdown of sucrose?

    <p>Glucose and fructose</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which hormone stimulates the breakdown of glycogen?

    <p>Glucagon</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of insoluble fiber?

    <p>Does not dissolve in water</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which compound is found naturally in corn syrup, fruits, and vegetables?

    <p>Glucose</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What condition results from high blood glucose levels?

    <p>Hyperglycemia</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the storage form of glucose in plants?

    <p>Starch</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the percentage of total body water in normal adults?

    <p>50%</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which component accounts for 65% of total body water?

    <p>Water within the cells</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of water in the body?

    <p>Aids in digestion</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Where is transcellular fluid found in the body?

    <p>In the cerebral spinal fluid</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are the causes of fluid deficit?

    <p>Fasting and high atmospheric temperatures</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which factor dictates water movement in the body?

    <p>Active transport</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the highest water percentage found in newborns?

    <p>75%</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In which part of the body is intracellular fluid located?

    <p>Within the cells</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary source of water in the body?

    <p>Drinking water and beverages</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What condition can result from excessive use of laxatives and alcohol?

    <p>Fluid deficit</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the principal electrolyte in intracellular fluid?

    <p>Potassium</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How does water move through cell walls?

    <p>Osmosis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which hormone causes the kidneys to conserve water?

    <p>Aldosterone</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What triggers the kidneys to increase the amount of sodium reabsorbed?

    <p>Renin</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What causes a person to experience thirst?

    <p>Reduced amount of water in the cells</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What results in cellular edema?

    <p>Increased sodium in the extracellular fluid</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which hormone causes the kidneys to reabsorb water?

    <p>Aldosterone</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the measure of osmotically active particles per kilogram in a solution?

    <p>Osmolality</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What triggers the body to experience thirst?

    <p>Increased electrolytes in the extracellular fluid</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What causes excess water to move back to the extracellular fluid, relieving cellular edema?

    <p>Replacement of missing sodium in ECF</p> Signup and view all the answers

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