NCM105 Macronutrients I: Carbohydrates
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Questions and Answers

What is the major source of energy for the body?

  • Vitamins
  • Carbohydrates (correct)
  • Fats
  • Proteins

Which form of carbohydrate is the storage form of glucose in the body?

  • Fructose
  • Maltose
  • Glycogen (correct)
  • Sucrose

Which hormone facilitates the uptake of glucose into cells?

  • Insulin (correct)
  • Glucagon
  • Leptin
  • Adrenaline

What is the primary function of carbohydrates in sparing proteins?

<p>Energy production (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which type of fiber forms a gel that provides bulk for the intestines and binds cholesterol?

<p>Soluble fiber (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the sweetest natural sugar?

<p>Fructose (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which digestive end product results from the breakdown of sucrose?

<p>Glucose and fructose (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which hormone stimulates the breakdown of glycogen?

<p>Glucagon (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of insoluble fiber?

<p>Does not dissolve in water (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which compound is found naturally in corn syrup, fruits, and vegetables?

<p>Glucose (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What condition results from high blood glucose levels?

<p>Hyperglycemia (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the storage form of glucose in plants?

<p>Starch (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the percentage of total body water in normal adults?

<p>50% (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which component accounts for 65% of total body water?

<p>Water within the cells (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of water in the body?

<p>Aids in digestion (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Where is transcellular fluid found in the body?

<p>In the cerebral spinal fluid (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are the causes of fluid deficit?

<p>Fasting and high atmospheric temperatures (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which factor dictates water movement in the body?

<p>Active transport (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the highest water percentage found in newborns?

<p>75% (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In which part of the body is intracellular fluid located?

<p>Within the cells (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary source of water in the body?

<p>Drinking water and beverages (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What condition can result from excessive use of laxatives and alcohol?

<p>Fluid deficit (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the principal electrolyte in intracellular fluid?

<p>Potassium (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How does water move through cell walls?

<p>Osmosis (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which hormone causes the kidneys to conserve water?

<p>Aldosterone (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What triggers the kidneys to increase the amount of sodium reabsorbed?

<p>Renin (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What causes a person to experience thirst?

<p>Reduced amount of water in the cells (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What results in cellular edema?

<p>Increased sodium in the extracellular fluid (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which hormone causes the kidneys to reabsorb water?

<p>Aldosterone (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the measure of osmotically active particles per kilogram in a solution?

<p>Osmolality (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What triggers the body to experience thirst?

<p>Increased electrolytes in the extracellular fluid (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What causes excess water to move back to the extracellular fluid, relieving cellular edema?

<p>Replacement of missing sodium in ECF (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

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