NCM105 Macronutrients I: Carbohydrates

What is the major source of energy for the body?

Carbohydrates

Which form of carbohydrate is the storage form of glucose in the body?

Glycogen

Which hormone facilitates the uptake of glucose into cells?

Insulin

What is the primary function of carbohydrates in sparing proteins?

Energy production Signup and view all the answers

Which type of fiber forms a gel that provides bulk for the intestines and binds cholesterol?

Soluble fiber Signup and view all the answers

What is the sweetest natural sugar?

Fructose Signup and view all the answers

Which digestive end product results from the breakdown of sucrose?

Glucose and fructose Signup and view all the answers

Which hormone stimulates the breakdown of glycogen?

Glucagon Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of insoluble fiber?

Does not dissolve in water Signup and view all the answers

Which compound is found naturally in corn syrup, fruits, and vegetables?

Glucose Signup and view all the answers

What condition results from high blood glucose levels?

Hyperglycemia Signup and view all the answers

What is the storage form of glucose in plants?

Starch Signup and view all the answers

What is the percentage of total body water in normal adults?

50% Signup and view all the answers

Which component accounts for 65% of total body water?

Water within the cells Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of water in the body?

Aids in digestion Signup and view all the answers

Where is transcellular fluid found in the body?

In the cerebral spinal fluid Signup and view all the answers

What are the causes of fluid deficit?

Fasting and high atmospheric temperatures Signup and view all the answers

Which factor dictates water movement in the body?

Active transport Signup and view all the answers

What is the highest water percentage found in newborns?

75% Signup and view all the answers

In which part of the body is intracellular fluid located?

Within the cells Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary source of water in the body?

Drinking water and beverages Signup and view all the answers

What condition can result from excessive use of laxatives and alcohol?

Fluid deficit Signup and view all the answers

What is the principal electrolyte in intracellular fluid?

Potassium Signup and view all the answers

How does water move through cell walls?

Osmosis Signup and view all the answers

Which hormone causes the kidneys to conserve water?

Aldosterone Signup and view all the answers

What triggers the kidneys to increase the amount of sodium reabsorbed?

Renin Signup and view all the answers

What causes a person to experience thirst?

Reduced amount of water in the cells Signup and view all the answers

What results in cellular edema?

Increased sodium in the extracellular fluid Signup and view all the answers

Which hormone causes the kidneys to reabsorb water?