NCM 107: Nursing Care for School-Age Children

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Questions and Answers

At what age does the first baby tooth typically erupt?

6 months

What major milestone in fine motor development occurs at 10 months?

The ability to bring the thumb and first finger together in a pincer grasp.

What are the first small vocalizations infants typically make by the end of the first month?

Cooing (dovelike) sounds.

How do one-month-old infants show their ability to differentiate between faces and objects?

They study a face longer than other objects. Signup and view all the answers

What developmental task do preschool-age children learn that shifts as they grow older?

Initiative during preschool, transitioning to learning how to do things well during school age. Signup and view all the answers

What should parents consider when their school-age children begin looking to role models outside the home?

Parents may need to adapt their own developmental role as their child seeks new influences. Signup and view all the answers

At what age can infants generally say two words, in addition to 'ma-ma' and 'da-da'?

12 months Signup and view all the answers

What two positions are used to assess gross motor development in infants?

Sitting and standing. Signup and view all the answers

What are nocturnal emissions and at what stage do they typically begin in boys?

Nocturnal emissions are ejaculations that occur during sleep, typically beginning as boys undergo puberty with increased seminal fluid production. Signup and view all the answers

Define accommodation in the context of cognitive development.

Accommodation is the ability to adapt thought processes to fit new perceptions and understandings, such as recognizing multiple reasons for others' actions. Signup and view all the answers

How does the concept of conservation relate to a child’s cognitive development?

Conservation refers to understanding that changes in shape do not alter the size or amount of an object, reflecting a key cognitive milestone. Signup and view all the answers

Explain class inclusion and its significance in a child's intellectual growth.

Class inclusion is the ability to comprehend that objects can belong to multiple classifications, indicating advanced cognitive development. Signup and view all the answers

What is 'baby-bottle caries' and what causes it?

'Baby-bottle caries' is a form of tooth decay commonly caused by prolonged exposure to sugary liquids in a bottle. Signup and view all the answers

What are common physical growth changes identified in school-age children by the age of ten?

By age ten, children's brain growth is complete, enhancing fine motor skills, and their vision often reaches adult levels. Signup and view all the answers

What emotional and social concerns are often faced by transgender children during growth and development?

Transgender children may experience higher rates of psychosocial disorders like depression and anxiety due to societal challenges and identity struggles. Signup and view all the answers

What physical changes occur in boys during puberty that may lead to misconceptions about sexual health?

During puberty, boys experience increased sebaceous gland activity and may misunderstand nocturnal emissions as an indication of health issues. Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Definitions of Key Terms

Nocturnal emissions occur when boys ejaculate during sleep due to increased seminal fluid production.
Accommodation refers to adapting thought processes to understand that multiple reasons can explain others' actions.
Conservation is the understanding that a change in shape does not imply a change in size.
Class inclusion involves recognizing that objects can belong to multiple classifications.
Caries is commonly known as "baby-bottle caries," a dental syndrome affecting children.
Malocclusion is a deviation in tooth position, which may result from congenital conditions like cleft palate or genetic predispositions.

Growth and Development of a School-Age Child

By age 10, brain growth is completed, leading to refined fine motor coordination and adult-level vision as the eye reaches its final shape.
Physical changes during puberty include increased sebaceous gland activity, leading to acne, and vasomotor instability, causing blushing and perspiration.
Early preparation for menstruation is crucial for girls, influencing self-concept and future childbearing.
Boys may experience nocturnal emissions and harbor myths about seminal fluid loss being debilitating or linked to premature ejaculation, which are misconceptions.
Transgender children identify with a gender different from their sex at birth, and studies indicate higher rates of depression and anxiety among them.

Dental and Developmental Milestones

The first baby tooth typically erupts at 6 months, with fluoride supplementation recommended at this age.
Developmental milestones include advances in gross and fine motor skills, language, and play behavior.
Gross motor development can be assessed using four positions: ventral suspension, prone, sitting, and standing.
By 10 months, fine motor skills include a pincer grasp, allowing children to pick up small objects and learn to point with their fingers.

Language Development

Language skills develop gradually, beginning with cooing sounds by one month of age, and progressing to recognizable words like “bye-bye” and “no” by 10–12 months.

Emotional Development

Social interaction and the ability to differentiate between faces begin in infancy, with infants showing preferences for primary caregivers.
School-age children engage in the developmental task of industry versus inferiority, seeking validation in their skills through projects.
Encouragement and praise from adults during task completion enhance a child's sense of industry and self-worth.

Home Environment and Learning

Parental roles evolve as school-age children seek additional role models, moving beyond their immediate family for guidance.
Parents may feel challenged by their child's desire to conform to rules and standards, which contrasts with the more imaginative explorations of early childhood.

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Description

This quiz focuses on essential nursing concepts relevant to the care of families with school-age children, including key terms such as nocturnal emissions, accommodation, and conservation. Understanding these concepts will enhance care practices in nursing education for BSN students.