NCM 107: Nursing Care for School-Age Children
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Questions and Answers

At what age does the first baby tooth typically erupt?

6 months

What major milestone in fine motor development occurs at 10 months?

The ability to bring the thumb and first finger together in a pincer grasp.

What are the first small vocalizations infants typically make by the end of the first month?

Cooing (dovelike) sounds.

How do one-month-old infants show their ability to differentiate between faces and objects?

<p>They study a face longer than other objects.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What developmental task do preschool-age children learn that shifts as they grow older?

<p>Initiative during preschool, transitioning to learning how to do things well during school age.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What should parents consider when their school-age children begin looking to role models outside the home?

<p>Parents may need to adapt their own developmental role as their child seeks new influences.</p> Signup and view all the answers

At what age can infants generally say two words, in addition to 'ma-ma' and 'da-da'?

<p>12 months</p> Signup and view all the answers

What two positions are used to assess gross motor development in infants?

<p>Sitting and standing.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are nocturnal emissions and at what stage do they typically begin in boys?

<p>Nocturnal emissions are ejaculations that occur during sleep, typically beginning as boys undergo puberty with increased seminal fluid production.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Define accommodation in the context of cognitive development.

<p>Accommodation is the ability to adapt thought processes to fit new perceptions and understandings, such as recognizing multiple reasons for others' actions.</p> Signup and view all the answers

How does the concept of conservation relate to a child’s cognitive development?

<p>Conservation refers to understanding that changes in shape do not alter the size or amount of an object, reflecting a key cognitive milestone.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Explain class inclusion and its significance in a child's intellectual growth.

<p>Class inclusion is the ability to comprehend that objects can belong to multiple classifications, indicating advanced cognitive development.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is 'baby-bottle caries' and what causes it?

<p>'Baby-bottle caries' is a form of tooth decay commonly caused by prolonged exposure to sugary liquids in a bottle.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are common physical growth changes identified in school-age children by the age of ten?

<p>By age ten, children's brain growth is complete, enhancing fine motor skills, and their vision often reaches adult levels.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What emotional and social concerns are often faced by transgender children during growth and development?

<p>Transgender children may experience higher rates of psychosocial disorders like depression and anxiety due to societal challenges and identity struggles.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What physical changes occur in boys during puberty that may lead to misconceptions about sexual health?

<p>During puberty, boys experience increased sebaceous gland activity and may misunderstand nocturnal emissions as an indication of health issues.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Definitions of Key Terms

  • Nocturnal emissions occur when boys ejaculate during sleep due to increased seminal fluid production.
  • Accommodation refers to adapting thought processes to understand that multiple reasons can explain others' actions.
  • Conservation is the understanding that a change in shape does not imply a change in size.
  • Class inclusion involves recognizing that objects can belong to multiple classifications.
  • Caries is commonly known as "baby-bottle caries," a dental syndrome affecting children.
  • Malocclusion is a deviation in tooth position, which may result from congenital conditions like cleft palate or genetic predispositions.

Growth and Development of a School-Age Child

  • By age 10, brain growth is completed, leading to refined fine motor coordination and adult-level vision as the eye reaches its final shape.
  • Physical changes during puberty include increased sebaceous gland activity, leading to acne, and vasomotor instability, causing blushing and perspiration.
  • Early preparation for menstruation is crucial for girls, influencing self-concept and future childbearing.
  • Boys may experience nocturnal emissions and harbor myths about seminal fluid loss being debilitating or linked to premature ejaculation, which are misconceptions.
  • Transgender children identify with a gender different from their sex at birth, and studies indicate higher rates of depression and anxiety among them.

Dental and Developmental Milestones

  • The first baby tooth typically erupts at 6 months, with fluoride supplementation recommended at this age.
  • Developmental milestones include advances in gross and fine motor skills, language, and play behavior.
  • Gross motor development can be assessed using four positions: ventral suspension, prone, sitting, and standing.
  • By 10 months, fine motor skills include a pincer grasp, allowing children to pick up small objects and learn to point with their fingers.

Language Development

  • Language skills develop gradually, beginning with cooing sounds by one month of age, and progressing to recognizable words like “bye-bye” and “no” by 10–12 months.

Emotional Development

  • Social interaction and the ability to differentiate between faces begin in infancy, with infants showing preferences for primary caregivers.
  • School-age children engage in the developmental task of industry versus inferiority, seeking validation in their skills through projects.
  • Encouragement and praise from adults during task completion enhance a child's sense of industry and self-worth.

Home Environment and Learning

  • Parental roles evolve as school-age children seek additional role models, moving beyond their immediate family for guidance.
  • Parents may feel challenged by their child's desire to conform to rules and standards, which contrasts with the more imaginative explorations of early childhood.

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Description

This quiz focuses on essential nursing concepts relevant to the care of families with school-age children, including key terms such as nocturnal emissions, accommodation, and conservation. Understanding these concepts will enhance care practices in nursing education for BSN students.

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