Diabetes Management for School-Age Children

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What instruction would the school nurse provide to prevent hypoglycemia during soccer practice?

Avoid eating for 2 hours before soccer practice

Eat twice the amount normally eaten at lunchtime

Eat a small box of raisins or drink a cup of orange juice before soccer practice (correct)

Take half the amount of prescribed insulin on practice days

What action should the nurse instruct the parents to take when the child's urine is positive for ketones?

Call 911 immediately

Administer an additional dose of regular insulin

Encourage the child to drink liquids (correct)

Hold the next dose of insulin

What is the priority assessment before administering the IV solution to a child with hypotonic dehydration?

Takes the blood pressure

Takes the temperature

Obtains a weight (correct)

Checks the level of consciousness

What assessment findings would the nurse expect to note in an adolescent client with diabetic ketoacidosis?

Hyperventilation and dehydration Signup and view all the answers

Why would the nurse instruct the parents to encourage the child to drink liquids when the child's urine is positive for ketones?

To prevent dehydration Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary goal of administering an IV solution of 5% dextrose and half-normal saline to a child with hypotonic dehydration?

To correct dehydration and provide electrolytes Signup and view all the answers

A nurse is assessing a child with type 1 diabetes mellitus and notes the presence of fruity breath odor, decreasing level of consciousness, and cold, clammy skin. What diagnosis can be inferred?

Diabetic ketoacidosis Signup and view all the answers

A nurse reviews the result of a phenylketonuria rescreening blood test for a 2-week-old infant, which indicates a serum phenylalanine level of 1 mg/dL (60.5 mcmol/L). What interpretation can be made?

The test is negative Signup and view all the answers

A nurse is planning care for a child with a temperature of 102° F (38.8° C) who has just received ibuprofen. What action should the nurse take?

Remove excess clothing and blankets Signup and view all the answers

A nurse is assessing a child with a fluid volume deficit. What finding indicates that the deficit is resolving?

Capillary refill is less than 2 seconds Signup and view all the answers

A nurse is preparing to administer an intravenous (IV) infusion to a child with diabetic ketoacidosis. What type of infusion should the nurse prepare?

Normal saline infusion Signup and view all the answers

A nurse is assessing a child with hypoglycemia. What symptoms may the child exhibit?

Sweating and tremors Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary concern when administering potassium chloride intravenously to a patient with hypotonic dehydration?

Evaluating the patient's urine output Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following signs is NOT associated with diabetic ketoacidosis?

Hypertension Signup and view all the answers

Why is hydration essential in managing diabetic ketoacidosis?

To aid in clearing ketones Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary difference between hypotonic dehydration and diabetic ketoacidosis?

Insulin deficiency Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following assessments is NOT related to the administration of potassium chloride?

Level of consciousness Signup and view all the answers

What is the characteristic breath odor associated with diabetic ketoacidosis?

Fruity Signup and view all the answers

What is the characteristic blood phenylalanine level in individuals with phenylketonuria?

Greater than 20 mg/dL Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary goal of administering normal saline in the treatment of diabetic ketoacidosis?

To rehydrate the patient Signup and view all the answers

Why is aspirin not administered to a child with fever?

Because of the risk of Reye’s syndrome Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary reason for testing for urinary ketones in a child with type 1 diabetes mellitus?

To aid in clearing ketones when the child is sick Signup and view all the answers

What is the normal blood phenylalanine level?

Between 0 to 2 mg/dL Signup and view all the answers

What is the first step in treating a child with fever after administering ibuprofen?

Remove excess clothing and blankets Signup and view all the answers

What is the recommended snack size to prevent hypoglycemia in a child with type 1 diabetes mellitus?

15-30 g of carbohydrates Signup and view all the answers

What is the blood glucose level that is considered hypoglycemic?

Less than 70 mg/dL (4 mmol/L) Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary complication of diabetes mellitus being discussed?

Diabetic ketoacidosis Signup and view all the answers

When should a child with type 1 diabetes mellitus eat an extra snack to prevent hypoglycemia?

Before activities such as soccer practice Signup and view all the answers

What would be an appropriateFluid intake for a child with type 1 diabetes mellitus who is sick?

Encouragement to drink liquids Signup and view all the answers

What would not be done when a child with type 1 diabetes mellitus has a blood glucose level of 60 mg/dL (3.4 mmol/L)?

Double the meal amounts Signup and view all the answers

What instruction would the school nurse provide to a child with type 1 diabetes mellitus to prevent hypoglycemia during soccer practice?

Eat a small box of raisins or drink a cup of orange juice before soccer practice Signup and view all the answers

What action would the nurse instruct the parents to take when the child's urine is positive for ketones?

Administer an additional dose of regular insulin and encourage the child to drink liquids Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary goal of administering an IV solution of 5% dextrose and half-normal saline to a child with hypotonic dehydration?

To correct the electrolyte imbalance Signup and view all the answers

What assessment finding would the nurse expect to note in an adolescent client with diabetic ketoacidosis?

Fruity breath odor and decreased level of consciousness Signup and view all the answers

What is the priority assessment before administering the IV solution to a child with hypotonic dehydration?

Checking the amount of urine output Signup and view all the answers

What would the nurse instruct the parents to do when the child's urine is positive for ketones and the child is sick?

Encourage the child to drink liquids and administer an additional dose of regular insulin Signup and view all the answers

A parent brings a 2-week-old infant to a clinic for a phenylketonuria rescreening blood test. What can be concluded about the test result of 1 mg/dL (60.5 mcmol/L) serum phenylalanine level?

The test is negative for phenylketonuria. Signup and view all the answers

What type of intravenous (IV) infusion would the nurse prepare for a child with diabetic ketoacidosis?

Normal saline infusion Signup and view all the answers

A child with type 1 diabetes mellitus is brought to the emergency department with symptoms of abdominal pain and lethargy. What diagnosis can be inferred?

Diabetic ketoacidosis Signup and view all the answers

What action should the nurse take after administering ibuprofen to a child with a temperature of 102° F (38.8° C)?

Remove excess clothing and blankets. Signup and view all the answers

What finding indicates that a child's fluid volume deficit is resolving?

Capillary refill is less than 2 seconds. Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary goal of administering an IV solution of 5% dextrose and half-normal saline to a child with hypotonic dehydration?

To provide fluids and electrolytes. Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary goal of giving the child a snack before activities like soccer practice?

To prevent hypoglycemia Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary reason for testing the child's urine for ketones?

To monitor for the presence of urinary ketones during illness Signup and view all the answers

What is the recommended action when the child's blood glucose level is 60 mg/dL (3.4 mmol/L)?

Wait 30 minutes and confirm the blood glucose reading Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary benefit of encouraging the child to drink liquids when the child's urine is positive for ketones?

To aid in clearing the ketones Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary reason for not adjusting the amount or time of insulin administration when the child is sick?

Because the child's insulin needs do not change during illness Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary goal of providing a snack of 15 to 30 g of carbohydrates when the child is participating in activities like soccer practice?

To prevent hypoglycemia Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary reason for rehydration in the treatment of diabetic ketoacidosis?

To restore the balance of electrolytes Signup and view all the answers

What is the rationale for not administering aspirin to a child with fever?

Risk of Reye's syndrome Signup and view all the answers

What is the characteristic blood phenylalanine level in individuals with phenylketonuria?

Greater than 20 mg/dL (1210 mcmol/L) Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary goal of administering NPH insulin in the treatment of diabetic ketoacidosis?

Not applicable, as NPH insulin is not administered IV Signup and view all the answers

What is the rationale for encouraging fluid intake in a child with type 1 diabetes mellitus who is sick?

To prevent dehydration Signup and view all the answers

What is the interpretation of a serum phenylalanine level of 1 mg/dL (60.5 mcmol/L) in a 2-week-old infant?

Indicates a negative diagnosis of phenylketonuria Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary indication that a fluid volume deficit is resolving in a child?

Capillary refill time less than 2 seconds Signup and view all the answers

What is the definition of hypoglycemia?

Blood glucose level of less than 70 mg/dL Signup and view all the answers

What should be administered orally to a child with hypoglycemia?

Rapid-releasing glucose followed by a complex carbohydrate and protein Signup and view all the answers

What should be done if the child remains unconscious after administering glucose?

Administer glucagon Signup and view all the answers

Why is an extra snack given to a child with type 1 diabetes mellitus?

To prevent hypoglycemia Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of retesting the blood glucose level 15 minutes after administering glucose?

To assess the effectiveness of glucose administration Signup and view all the answers

Diabetes Management for School-Age Children

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Questions and Answers

What instruction would the school nurse provide to prevent hypoglycemia during soccer practice?

What action should the nurse instruct the parents to take when the child's urine is positive for ketones?

What is the priority assessment before administering the IV solution to a child with hypotonic dehydration?

What assessment findings would the nurse expect to note in an adolescent client with diabetic ketoacidosis?

Why would the nurse instruct the parents to encourage the child to drink liquids when the child's urine is positive for ketones?

What is the primary goal of administering an IV solution of 5% dextrose and half-normal saline to a child with hypotonic dehydration?

A nurse is assessing a child with type 1 diabetes mellitus and notes the presence of fruity breath odor, decreasing level of consciousness, and cold, clammy skin. What diagnosis can be inferred?

A nurse reviews the result of a phenylketonuria rescreening blood test for a 2-week-old infant, which indicates a serum phenylalanine level of 1 mg/dL (60.5 mcmol/L). What interpretation can be made?

A nurse is planning care for a child with a temperature of 102° F (38.8° C) who has just received ibuprofen. What action should the nurse take?

A nurse is assessing a child with a fluid volume deficit. What finding indicates that the deficit is resolving?

A nurse is preparing to administer an intravenous (IV) infusion to a child with diabetic ketoacidosis. What type of infusion should the nurse prepare?

A nurse is assessing a child with hypoglycemia. What symptoms may the child exhibit?

What is the primary concern when administering potassium chloride intravenously to a patient with hypotonic dehydration?

Which of the following signs is NOT associated with diabetic ketoacidosis?

Why is hydration essential in managing diabetic ketoacidosis?

What is the primary difference between hypotonic dehydration and diabetic ketoacidosis?

Which of the following assessments is NOT related to the administration of potassium chloride?

What is the characteristic breath odor associated with diabetic ketoacidosis?

What is the characteristic blood phenylalanine level in individuals with phenylketonuria?

What is the primary goal of administering normal saline in the treatment of diabetic ketoacidosis?

Why is aspirin not administered to a child with fever?

What is the primary reason for testing for urinary ketones in a child with type 1 diabetes mellitus?

What is the normal blood phenylalanine level?

What is the first step in treating a child with fever after administering ibuprofen?

What is the recommended snack size to prevent hypoglycemia in a child with type 1 diabetes mellitus?

What is the blood glucose level that is considered hypoglycemic?

What is the primary complication of diabetes mellitus being discussed?

When should a child with type 1 diabetes mellitus eat an extra snack to prevent hypoglycemia?

What would be an appropriateFluid intake for a child with type 1 diabetes mellitus who is sick?

What would not be done when a child with type 1 diabetes mellitus has a blood glucose level of 60 mg/dL (3.4 mmol/L)?

What instruction would the school nurse provide to a child with type 1 diabetes mellitus to prevent hypoglycemia during soccer practice?

What action would the nurse instruct the parents to take when the child's urine is positive for ketones?

What is the primary goal of administering an IV solution of 5% dextrose and half-normal saline to a child with hypotonic dehydration?

What assessment finding would the nurse expect to note in an adolescent client with diabetic ketoacidosis?

What is the priority assessment before administering the IV solution to a child with hypotonic dehydration?

What would the nurse instruct the parents to do when the child's urine is positive for ketones and the child is sick?

A parent brings a 2-week-old infant to a clinic for a phenylketonuria rescreening blood test. What can be concluded about the test result of 1 mg/dL (60.5 mcmol/L) serum phenylalanine level?

What type of intravenous (IV) infusion would the nurse prepare for a child with diabetic ketoacidosis?

A child with type 1 diabetes mellitus is brought to the emergency department with symptoms of abdominal pain and lethargy. What diagnosis can be inferred?

What action should the nurse take after administering ibuprofen to a child with a temperature of 102° F (38.8° C)?

What finding indicates that a child's fluid volume deficit is resolving?

What is the primary goal of administering an IV solution of 5% dextrose and half-normal saline to a child with hypotonic dehydration?

What is the primary goal of giving the child a snack before activities like soccer practice?

What is the primary reason for testing the child's urine for ketones?

What is the recommended action when the child's blood glucose level is 60 mg/dL (3.4 mmol/L)?

What is the primary benefit of encouraging the child to drink liquids when the child's urine is positive for ketones?

What is the primary reason for not adjusting the amount or time of insulin administration when the child is sick?

What is the primary goal of providing a snack of 15 to 30 g of carbohydrates when the child is participating in activities like soccer practice?

What is the primary reason for rehydration in the treatment of diabetic ketoacidosis?

What is the rationale for not administering aspirin to a child with fever?

What is the characteristic blood phenylalanine level in individuals with phenylketonuria?

What is the primary goal of administering NPH insulin in the treatment of diabetic ketoacidosis?

What is the rationale for encouraging fluid intake in a child with type 1 diabetes mellitus who is sick?

What is the interpretation of a serum phenylalanine level of 1 mg/dL (60.5 mcmol/L) in a 2-week-old infant?

What is the primary indication that a fluid volume deficit is resolving in a child?

What is the definition of hypoglycemia?

What should be administered orally to a child with hypoglycemia?

What should be done if the child remains unconscious after administering glucose?

Why is an extra snack given to a child with type 1 diabetes mellitus?

What is the purpose of retesting the blood glucose level 15 minutes after administering glucose?

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