NCM 105 Basic Concepts A: Definition of Terms in Nutrition
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Questions and Answers

What is the science that deals with foods, nutrient composition, eating habits, nutritional status, and health and disease of individuals and populations?

  • Psychology
  • Physiology
  • Nutrition (correct)
  • Pharmacology

    • Which of the following is the definition of Health according to WHO?

  • Absence of social issues
  • Absence of mental illness
  • Absence of physical illness
  • State of complete physical, mental, and social well-being (correct)

    • What are chemical substances obtained from food and used in the body to provide energy, structural materials, and regulating agents to support growth, maintenance, and repair of the body’s tissues called?

  • Micronutrients
  • Nutrients (correct)
  • Phytochemicals
  • Calories

    • Which term refers to products derived from plants or animals that can be taken into the body to yield energy and nutrients for the maintenance of life and growth and repair of tissues?

    <p>Foods</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the usual pattern of food and drink intake of a person called?

    <p>Diet</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of diet contains all the nutrients and other substances found naturally in food, in proper amounts and proportions needed by the body to function well?

    <p>Balanced Diet</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the condition of the body resulting from the intake, absorption, and utilization of food called?

    <p>Nutritional Status</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which term refers to any condition caused by deficit or excess energy or nutrient intake or by an imbalance of nutrients?

    <p>Malnutrition</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are organic and proteinaceous catalysts of biochemical reactions called?

    <p>Enzymes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are chemical messengers secreted by a variety of glands in response to altered conditions in the body called?

    <p>Hormones</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following nutrients are considered macronutrients?

    <p>Carbohydrates, protein, and fats</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of nutrients must be obtained from food because the body cannot make them for itself in sufficient amounts?

    <p>Essential nutrients</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which diet principle focuses on consuming nutrient-dense foods?

    <p>Adequacy</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which nutritional assessment method involves the measurement of the physical attributes of the person?

    <p>Anthropometric</p> Signup and view all the answers

    According to chemical nature, which type of nutrients are considered inorganic?

    <p>Vitamins and minerals</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What principle of dietary management focuses on little or no variation from the normal diet?

    <p>Simplification</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of nutrients are body-building, energy-giving, and body-regulating?

    <p>Macronutrients</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which diet principle emphasizes consuming different types of food?

    <p>Variety</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of nutrients are considered micronutrients?

    <p>Vitamins and minerals</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which nutritional assessment method looks at the laboratory values?

    <p>Biochemical</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary purpose of the Philippine Dietary Reference Intake (PDRI)?

    <p>To provide nutrient-based recommendations for planning diets</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the Estimated Average Requirement (EAR) represent?

    <p>The daily nutrient intake level that meets the median or average requirement of healthy individuals</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does Adequate Intake (AI) in PDRI refer to?

    <p>The daily nutrient intake level based on observed approximation of average nutrient intake</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does Tolerable Upper Intake (UL) represent in PDRI?

    <p>The highest average daily intake unlikely to pose adverse health effects</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of Recommended Energy/Nutrient Intake (REI/RNI) in PDRI?

    <p>For planning and maintenance of health in healthy individuals</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What category does Acceptable Macronutrient Distribution Range (AMDR) fall under in PDRI?

    <p>For providing recommendations serving as a starting point for food-based dietary guides</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of the Nutritional Guidelines for Filipinos (NGF)?

    <p>To provide dietary guidelines based on the eating pattern and health status of Filipinos</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was the first set of dietary guidelines for Filipinos called?

    <p>Dietary Guidelines for Filipinos</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary recommendation regarding infant feeding in the TEN NGF (2012)?

    <p>Breastfeed infants exclusively from birth up to six months and then give complementary foods</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the Pinggang Pinoy concept?

    <p>A graphical illustration of a food plate divided into four sections</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of the Food Pyramid/Nutritional Guide Pyramid?

    <p>To provide a visual translation of the NGF</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the recommendation regarding physical activity in the TEN NGF (2012)?

    <p>Be physically active, make healthy food choices, manage stress, avoid alcoholic beverages, and do not smoke</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the Pinggang Pinoy concept emphasize?

    <p>Emphasizes consuming a variety of foods in the right proportions on a per meal basis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which life stages have specific Pinggang Pinoy recommendations?

    <p>All life stages including pregnant and lactating women</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary purpose of using iodized salt as per the TEN NGF (2012)?

    <p>To prevent Iodine Deficiency Disorders</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the recommendation regarding the intake of salty, fried, fatty, and sugar-rich foods as per the TEN NGF (2012)?

    <p>Limit intake to prevent cardiovascular diseases</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Nutrition Science

    • Focuses on foods, nutrient composition, eating habits, nutritional status, and health and disease in individuals and populations.

    Definition of Health

    • According to WHO, health is a state of complete physical, mental, and social well-being, not merely the absence of disease.

    Nutrients

    • Chemical substances obtained from food that provide energy, structural materials, and regulating agents for growth and repair are called nutrients.

    Food and Nutrition

    • Products derived from plants or animals for sustaining life and facilitating growth and tissue repair are referred to as foods.

    Eating Patterns

    • The usual pattern of food and drink intake of an individual is termed dietary habits.

    Balanced Diet

    • A diet containing all necessary nutrients in appropriate amounts and proportions needed for bodily functions is classified as a balanced diet.

    Nutritional Status

    • The condition of the body resulting from food intake, absorption, and utilization is known as nutritional status.

    Nutritional Disorders

    • Any condition caused by undernutrition, overnutrition, or nutrient imbalance is called a nutritional disorder.

    Enzymes

    • Organic and proteinaceous catalysts that facilitate biochemical reactions are known as enzymes.

    Hormones

    • Chemical messengers secreted by glands in response to changes in the body are called hormones.

    Macronutrients

    • Carbohydrates, proteins, and fats are classified as macronutrients, essential for energy and body functions.

    Essential Nutrients

    • Nutrients that must be sourced from food because the body cannot synthesize them sufficiently are termed essential nutrients.

    Nutrient-dense Principle

    • This diet principle emphasizes consuming foods that are high in nutrients relative to their calorie content.

    Physical Attributes Assessment

    • Body measurements, such as weight and height, are utilized in physical assessment methods in nutritional evaluations.

    Inorganic Nutrients

    • According to their chemical nature, minerals and water are classified as inorganic nutrients.

    Dietary Consistency Principle

    • This principle promotes little or no variation from an individual’s normal diet for dietary management.

    Body Functions and Nutrients

    • Nutrients can be categorized into body-building (proteins), energy-giving (carbohydrates), and body-regulating (vitamins and minerals).

    Dietary Variety Principle

    • This principle encourages the consumption of a diversity of foods to ensure a well-rounded intake of nutrients.

    Micronutrients

    • Vitamins and minerals, needed in smaller amounts, are considered micronutrients.

    Laboratory Assessment

    • The analysis of laboratory values, such as blood tests, is a method for nutritional assessment.

    Philippine Dietary Reference Intake (PDRI)

    • The primary purpose is to guide nutritional requirements of the population for optimal health.

    Estimated Average Requirement (EAR)

    • Represents the median daily nutrient intake level that meets the needs of half the healthy individuals in a particular life stage and gender group.

    Adequate Intake (AI)

    • Refers to established nutrient intake levels for which there is not enough evidence to set an RDA, intended for adequate nutrient intake.

    Tolerable Upper Intake Level (UL)

    • Indicates the maximum daily intake unlikely to cause harmful effects on health.
    • Serves to offer nutrient intake recommendations for specific groups to promote health and prevent deficiency.

    Acceptable Macronutrient Distribution Range (AMDR)

    • Provides guidelines for the intake of macronutrients to promote a balanced diet.

    Nutritional Guidelines for Filipinos (NGF)

    • Aims to provide practical dietary advice to promote health and ensure proper nutrient intake.

    First Dietary Guidelines for Filipinos

    • The initial set of dietary guidelines was termed the "Dietary Guidelines for Filipinos (DGF)."

    Infant Feeding Recommendation

    • The primary recommendation emphasizes breastfeeding infants exclusively for the first six months.

    Pinggang Pinoy Concept

    • A visual tool that represents appropriate food portions and food groups for balanced meals in Filipino culture.

    Food Pyramid/Nutritional Guide Pyramid Purpose

    • Serves as a visual representation for individuals to understand food variety and balance in their diets.

    Physical Activity Recommendation

    • Encourages regular physical activity as part of a healthy lifestyle in the TEN NGF (2012).

    Pinggang Pinoy Emphasis

    • Promotes a balanced intake of food groups, appropriate portions, and encourages the consumption of fruits and vegetables.

    Specific Life Stage Recommendations

    • The Pinggang Pinoy concept provides tailored dietary guidance for different life stages, including children, adolescents, and adults.

    Iodized Salt Purpose

    • The primary purpose is to prevent iodine deficiency and promote thyroid health within the population.

    Intake of Unhealthy Foods

    • Recommends limiting the consumption of salty, fried, fatty, and sugary foods to promote better health in the TEN NGF (2012).

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    Description

    Test your knowledge of the basic concepts in nutrition with this quiz covering definitions of key terms related to nutrition, health, and nutrients. Explore the science of dealing with foods, nutrient composition, eating habits, nutritional status, and their implications on health and disease.

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