NCLEX® Physiological Adaptations Quiz

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Questions and Answers

What is the most appropriate dietary recommendation for a client undergoing chemotherapy experiencing nausea?

C. Try eating several small meals throughout the day.

When caring for a client with a low platelet count, what is a key nursing intervention?

A. Apply prolonged pressure to puncture site after blood sampling.

What should nurses be aware of when managing a client receiving brachytherapy?

A. Permit visitors to stay 30 min at a time.

What is a safe oral hygiene practice for a client with mucositis due to chemotherapy?

C. Obtain a culture of the lesions. Signup and view all the answers

In discussing alopecia with clients undergoing chemotherapy, name one important emotional support strategy.

Encourage open discussions about feelings and concerns regarding hair loss. Signup and view all the answers

What teaching point could you provide about nutrition to clients undergoing cancer treatment?

Emphasize the importance of a balanced diet with adequate protein intake. Signup and view all the answers

How can a nurse help manage altered elimination in a client undergoing chemotherapy?

Provide dietary recommendations that include adequate hydration and fiber. Signup and view all the answers

What is a critical nursing intervention for clients experiencing changes in sexual health due to cancer treatment?

Facilitate a discussion about sexual health concerns and provide appropriate resources. Signup and view all the answers

How can calcium and vitamin D supplementation support clients undergoing hormone therapy?

Calcium and vitamin D supplementation helps prevent bone loss, which can occur due to the effects of hormone therapy. Signup and view all the answers

What sexual health changes should male clients be informed about when undergoing androgen antagonist therapy?

Male clients should be informed about decreased libido, erectile dysfunction, and potential feminizing effects such as gynecomastia. Signup and view all the answers

What measures can be taken to address body image issues in female clients receiving estrogen antagonists?

Clients should be informed about potential masculinizing effects such as chest and facial hair growth and encouraged to discuss body image concerns. Signup and view all the answers

How does the occurrence of hot flashes relate to emotional support for clients in hormone therapy?

Clients should be educated about hot flashes as potential side effects, as they can contribute to emotional distress and affect quality of life. Signup and view all the answers

In what ways can clients cope with changes in elimination patterns due to hormone therapy?

Clients should be informed about potential gastrointestinal disturbances and advised to maintain a balanced diet and hydrate well. Signup and view all the answers

What role does monitoring laboratory findings play in the ongoing care of clients undergoing hormone therapy?

Monitoring laboratory findings helps in detecting medication-related changes such as anemia, liver function, and calcium levels. Signup and view all the answers

Identify a significant emotional support strategy for clients experiencing adverse effects from estrogen antagonists.

Encouraging open discussions about side effects and providing counseling can significantly aid emotional support. Signup and view all the answers

What nutritional advice is critical for clients receiving anti-androgen therapy?

Clients should be advised to increase their intake of calcium and vitamin D to support bone health during therapy. Signup and view all the answers

How should a nurse manage the nutritional support of a client undergoing cancer treatment who is experiencing oral mucositis?

Encourage soft, bland foods and recommend avoiding acidic foods that can irritate oral lesions. Signup and view all the answers

What strategies should a nurse suggest to address the body image changes a client may face due to alopecia from chemotherapy?

Recommend wearing hats, wigs, and turbans, and provide emotional support to help them express feelings about their changing appearance. Signup and view all the answers

What considerations should be made regarding a client's sexual health during cancer therapy?

Discuss potential changes in libido and provide resources or referrals for sexual health counseling tailored to the client's situation. Signup and view all the answers

What emotional support strategies can nurses provide to clients coping with cancer diagnosis and treatment?

Encourage participation in support groups and offer referral to mental health resources to help manage stress and anxiety. Signup and view all the answers

What nursing interventions can assist a client with altered elimination due to cancer treatment?

Implement frequent, gentle bowel care interventions and consider dietary modifications to promote regular bowel movements. Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Cancer Treatment and Nursing Interventions

Fiber laxatives are not used to prevent displacement of vaginal radiation implants.
Skin "tattoo" guides are utilized in external radiation therapy, not in brachytherapy.

Oral Mucositis Management

Glycerin-based swabs should be avoided for oral hygiene in clients with mucositis.
Acidic foods may exacerbate symptoms and should be discouraged.
Culture of oral lesions is critical for identifying pathogens and determining treatment.
Nonalcoholic mouthwashes are advisable for clients with mucositis.

Alopecia is an adverse effect of chemotherapy due to the impact on rapidly proliferating cells, like hair follicles.
Recommend protective measures: wear hats or wigs, avoid damaging hair care practices, and use soft brushes.
Alopecia is typically temporary; hair regrowth occurs post-chemotherapy.
Discussing the psychological impact of alopecia is essential, providing support for self-image concerns.

Nausea Management During Chemotherapy

Encouraging small, frequent meals can help manage nausea.
The statement about nausea decreasing with each chemotherapy cycle is misleading.
Hot food aromas may be comforting, but need individual assessment for tolerance.
Increase red meat intake only as tolerated by the client.

Care for Clients with Low Platelet Counts

For clients with a platelet count of 25,000/mm³, apply prolonged pressure to puncture sites after blood sampling.
Epoetin alfa (Epogen) may be prescribed to stimulate red blood cell production.
Place the client in a private room to minimize infection risk.

Brachytherapy Nursing Interventions

Limit visitor time to 30 minutes at a time to reduce radiation exposure.
Bed rest may be necessary for the client receiving brachytherapy.
Avoid administering fiber laxatives and using skin tattoo guides for therapy.

The Role of Hormone Therapy in Cancer Treatment

Hormonal treatments can effectively suppress hormone-dependent cancers.
Clients must be educated on side effects, including changes in sexual function and secondary feminization or masculinization effects.
Regular monitoring of lab values (CBC, liver function) is crucial during hormone therapy.
Inform clients about the importance of nutritional intake (calcium and vitamin D) during treatment.

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Description

Test your knowledge on the physiological adaptations and alterations in body systems relevant to NCLEX® exam topics. This quiz covers various aspects, including the use of fiber laxatives, skin guides in radiation therapy, and oral hygiene practices in clients with mucositis. Assess your understanding and prepare effectively for the NCLEX®.