Questions and Answers
Celia has spina bifida at C5 level and wants to use a computer play system. What is the most appropriate recommendation for an OT to suggest?
What stage is Sara in recovering from a CVA with extensive motor learning intervention?
Skill acquisition
What level can a person use overt trial and error problem solving according to Allen cognitive level?
5
What is an example of completing a list of group goals and progress after group meetings?
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What is the appropriate angle of pull for an outrigger on a dynamic splint?
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What spinal level is a tenodesis splint used?
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What angle is the wrist left at in a splint for carpal tunnel?
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What areas will an OT most likely assess for an individual with a mild TBI?
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What does a child displaying arms and legs extended on one side and flexed on the opposite side when the head is turned show?
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An individual recovering from a TBI at level 8 of the Rancho Level would benefit from community re-entry activities.
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An individual recovering from a TBI at level 3 of the Rancho Level can benefit from repetitive self-care tasks such as brushing hair.
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What is Joel lacking if he frequently gets lost in his house after a TBI?
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What is the name of the PNF intervention that involves passive rhythmic movement followed by active participation?
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According to PNF, quick stretching is used to elicit __________.
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What oral motor development skill is a 12-month-old able to demonstrate in a screening if within normal limits?
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___________ is the redirection of an emotion or reaction from one object to a similar but less threatening one.
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__________ score is used to measure various changes in behavior.
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What is the ability of a C8 complete injury patient to button buttons with a button hook?
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What can a patient with a complete C6 injury do according to discharge documentation?
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What is the flexor synergy for scapula movement?
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What is the flexor synergy for elbow movement?
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What should the OT prioritize after ADL goals in a spinal cord injury client?
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One arm drive wheelchairs are easy to use.
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_____________ involves the detection of problems in a population at risk for developing complicating conditions.
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_________ target individuals with no pre-existing conditions.
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At what age is a communication device possible?
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What would be an appropriate activity for Sarah in stage I of cardiac recovery?
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What would be an appropriate activity for Sarah in stage IV of cardiac recovery?
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Isometric exercises are contraindicated for all stages of cardiac rehab.
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Brandy, who is taking Nardil, should inform her psychiatrist of her headaches.
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___________ means practicing your profession correctly.
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_____________ refers to decision-making skills in implementing services.
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_________ refers to having the patient involved in therapy decisions reflecting personal goals.
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Julia, recovering from skin grafting due to full thickness burns, has a splinting protocol of one hour on and 15 min off for the first 72 hours.
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__________ provides services in a fair and equitable manner; OT has concern for patient safety.
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________ OT personnel shall take reasonable precaution to avoid imposing or inflicting harm.
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_________ OT personnel shall achieve and continually maintain high standards of competence.
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_________ OT personnel shall provide accurate information when representing the profession.
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_________ OT personnel shall treat colleagues with respect, fairness, discretion, and integrity.
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Study Notes
Spina Bifida and Assistive Technology
- Recommendation for Celia with spina bifida at C5 level: use a dorsal splint with a universal cuff for computer play.
Motor Learning Stages
- Sara, recovering from a CVA, is in the skill acquisition stage due to frequent errors and inconsistent performance.
Cognitive Levels
- Overt trial and error problem solving indicates an Allen cognitive level of 5.
Therapy Evaluation and Documentation
- Example of concurrent review: submitting a list of group goals and progress after meetings.
Dynamic Splinting
- The appropriate angle of pull for an outrigger on a dynamic splint is 90 degrees.
Spinal Injuries and Tenodesis Splints
- Tenodesis splint is applicable for C6-C7 spinal level injuries.
Carpal Tunnel Splinting
- Wrist angle for a carpal tunnel splint: 0-15 degrees in extension.
Cognitive Assessments Post-TBI
- Areas assessed post mild TBI: orientation, attention, and memory.
Reflexes in Infants
- ATNR (Asymmetric Tonic Neck Reflex) observed when an infant extends limbs on the side they're turned toward.
Rancho Levels and Interventions
- Level 8 on the Rancho scale allows for community re-entry activities.
- Level 3 on the Rancho scale requires sensory stimulation activities, not self-care tasks.
Orientation and TBI
- Lack of topographical orientation noted in TBI patients who get lost in familiar environments.
Proprioceptive Neuromuscular Facilitation (PNF)
- Rhythmic initiation involves passive rhythmic movement followed by active participation.
PNF Techniques
- Quick stretching in PNF is utilized to elicit muscle contraction.
Developmental Milestones
- At 12 months, children should demonstrate cup drinking with a firm jaw and rotary chewing.
Psychological Concepts
- Displacement is the redirection of an emotion from one object to a less threatening one.
Behavioral Assessment
- Scaled scores measure changes in behavior effectively.
Spinal Cord Injury and ADL Capabilities
- C8 level patients are typically capable of tying shoes.
Synergies in Upper Extremity
- Scapula synergy: Flexor - elevation and retraction; Extensor - depression and protraction.
- Shoulder flexor synergy: abduction and lateral rotation; Extensor - medial rotation and adduction.
- Elbow flexor synergy: flexion; Extensor - extension.
- Forearm flexor synergy: supination; Extensor - pronation.
Motor Learning Principles
- The motor learning approach incorporates random practice of multiple tasks in varying orders.
Accessibility in Design
- Pharmacy customer service area counter height should not exceed 31 inches.
Therapeutic Approaches
- Selecting an approach considers the client’s auditory processing skills.
Cardiac Rehabilitation Guidelines
- Isometric exercises are contraindicated at all stages of cardiac rehab.
Communication Development
- Communication devices can be anticipated around 12-18 months of age.
Occupational Therapy in Community Reintegration
- Post attainment of ADL goals, focus shifts to community reintegration for spinal cord injury clients.
Wheelchair Considerations for TBI
- A lightweight, standard-size wheelchair is appropriate for individuals with flaccid hemiparesis due to TBI.
Prevention Strategies
- Secondary prevention aims at detecting problems in populations at risk for complications.
Ethics in Occupational Therapy
- Beneficence involves providing services equitably and ensuring client safety.
- Nonmaleficence refers to avoiding harm to clients and their property.
- Veracity is the commitment to provide accurate information regarding qualifications and the profession.
- Fidelity emphasizes respect and integrity among colleagues, safeguarding confidential information.
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