Nature of Inquiry and Research Quiz

Ethical Considerations

• Human Rights – 1948 Nuremberg Code
• Right to voluntary participation
• Right to informed consent
• Right to be protected from harm
• Right to confidentiality
• Right to anonymity

Scientific Misconduct

• Plagiarism refers to the act of using another person's ideas, words, processes, and results without giving due credit
• Types of plagiarism include:
  • Using another person's ideas, words, processes, and results without giving due credit
  • Passing off entire work as one's own
  • Copying and pasting from the internet without citing the source
  • Using someone else's data or research results without permission

Types of Research

• Based on Application of Research Method:
  • Basic Research – deals with concepts, principles, or abstract things; aims to increase knowledge about something
  • Applied Research – applies chosen research to societal problems or issues, to make positive changes in society
• Based on Purpose of the Research/Methodology:
  • Descriptive – aims to provide a verbal portrayal or picture; cause & effect
  • Correlational – shows relationships/connectedness of two variables
  • Explanatory – explains reasons behind the relationship of two variables and ways they exist
  • Exploratory – finds out how reasonable it is to conduct a research on a certain topic
  • Action – studies an ongoing practice of an institution to obtain results and improve the system
• Based on Types of Data Needed:
  • Qualitative – verbal language; not measurable
  • Quantitative – numerical form; measurable

Types of Data

• Primary – direct observation; new/original information from experience
• Secondary – already written about or reported on; print or electronic

Qualitative Research

• Reality is conditioned by society and people's intentions are involved in explaining cause-effect relationships
• Characteristics of Qualitative Research include:
  • Human understanding and interpretation
  • Active, powerful, and forceful
  • Multiple research approaches and methods
  • Specificity to generalization
  • Contextualization
  • Diversified data in real-life situations

Nature of Inquiry and Research

• Inquiry – to look for information by asking various questions
• Research – to discover truths by investigating on your chosen topic scientifically/systematically
• Characteristics of Research include:
  • Critical – careful/precise judgment
  • Logical – based on valid procedures/principles
  • Empirical – based on direct experience/observation by researcher
  • Analytical – utilizes proven analytical procedures in gathering data
  • Replicability – research design and procedures are repeated to arrive at valid/conclusive results
  • Methodical – methodical manner using systematic method
  • Cyclical – starts with a problem, ends with a problem

Aims of Research

• Verification of Existing Knowledge – proving the veracity of existing theories
• Acquisition of New Knowledge – brings new ideas or creates new theories
• Application of New Knowledge – translated to something useful; to improve quality of life
• Advancement of Researcher's Expertise – gain relevant experiences that enhance and deepen their knowledge and skills

Test your understanding of the nature of inquiry and research, including characteristics such as critical judgment, logical procedures, empirical evidence, and replicability. Explore how inquiries differ from research and how research aims to discover truths scientifically.