Natural vs Acquired Immunity Overview

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Questions and Answers

Which type of immunity is present at birth and provides broad protection?

  • Acquired immunity
  • Active acquired immunity
  • Natural immunity (correct)
  • Passive acquired immunity

What is the first line of defense in the natural immunity system?

  • Inflammatory responses
  • Production of antibodies
  • Chemical and physical barriers (correct)
  • Activation of phagocytes

Which type of immunity develops after birth as a result of exposure to an antigen?

  • Passive acquired immunity
  • Natural immunity
  • Active acquired immunity
  • Acquired immunity (correct)

In acquired immunity, what is the source of antibodies in passive acquired immunity?

<p>Antibodies come from outside the body (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the third line of defense in the immune system?

<p>Acquired immunity (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which gender is more likely to have autoimmune disorders?

<p>Women (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How does increasing age affect the immune system's ability to respond to infection?

<p>It reduces the ability to respond (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What type of immunity involves the body producing its own antibodies?

<p>Active acquired immunity (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which line of defense involves the activation of phagocytes?

<p>Second line of defense (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the term used to describe a substance that triggers an immune response?

<p>Antigen (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary reason for the body's slower response to infection in the elderly?

<p>Fewer phagocytes (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How can adequate intake of vitamins and protein affect the immune response?

<p>It can decrease immune response (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What role do childhood and adult immunizations play in acquired immunity?

<p>They play a significant role (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a factor that can affect immune response?

<p>Dietary habits (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why is lymph node assessment important?

<p>Enlarged lymph nodes are associated with inflammation or infection (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the difference between lymphadenopathy and lymphadenitis?

<p>Lymphadenopathy is a disease of the lymph nodes, while lymphadenitis is an infection (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which laboratory finding is NOT associated with an allergic response?

<p>C-reactive protein levels (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which type of allergy testing involves direct application of the suspected allergen to the sensitive tissue?

<p>Provocative testing (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a precaution for preparing a patient for allergy testing?

<p>Instruct the patient to take antihistamines before the test (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which type of hypersensitivity reaction involves the body developing IgE antibodies after initial exposure to an antigen?

<p>Type I (Rapid or Anaphylactic) (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the most dangerous type of allergic reaction?

<p>Anaphylaxis (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the initial medication of choice for treating anaphylaxis?

<p>Epinephrine (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the classification of epinephrine?

<p>Adrenergic Agonist, Catecholamine (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary action of antihistamines in managing allergic reactions?

<p>Blocks histamine release in small blood vessels (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which type of hypersensitivity reaction involves T-cells and macrophages, but not antibodies?

<p>Type IV (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is an example of a Type V hypersensitivity reaction?

<p>Graves' disease (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary management approach for Type IV hypersensitivity reactions?

<p>Prevention and avoiding the allergen (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a common trigger for allergic reactions?

<p>Bacterial infections (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary action of corticosteroids in managing allergic reactions?

<p>Anti-inflammatory (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of desensitization therapy for allergies?

<p>To gradually increase the body's production of IgD antibodies to block IgE antibodies (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

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