Natural vs Acquired Immunity Overview

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Which type of immunity is present at birth and provides broad protection?

Acquired immunity

Active acquired immunity

Natural immunity (correct)

Passive acquired immunity

What is the first line of defense in the natural immunity system?

Inflammatory responses

Production of antibodies

Chemical and physical barriers (correct)

Activation of phagocytes

Which type of immunity develops after birth as a result of exposure to an antigen?

Passive acquired immunity

Natural immunity

Active acquired immunity

Acquired immunity (correct)

In acquired immunity, what is the source of antibodies in passive acquired immunity?

Antibodies come from outside the body Signup and view all the answers

What is the third line of defense in the immune system?

Acquired immunity Signup and view all the answers

Which gender is more likely to have autoimmune disorders?

Women Signup and view all the answers

How does increasing age affect the immune system's ability to respond to infection?

It reduces the ability to respond Signup and view all the answers

What type of immunity involves the body producing its own antibodies?

Active acquired immunity Signup and view all the answers

Which line of defense involves the activation of phagocytes?

Second line of defense Signup and view all the answers

What is the term used to describe a substance that triggers an immune response?

Antigen Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary reason for the body's slower response to infection in the elderly?

Fewer phagocytes Signup and view all the answers

How can adequate intake of vitamins and protein affect the immune response?

It can decrease immune response Signup and view all the answers

What role do childhood and adult immunizations play in acquired immunity?

They play a significant role Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a factor that can affect immune response?

Dietary habits Signup and view all the answers

Why is lymph node assessment important?

Enlarged lymph nodes are associated with inflammation or infection Signup and view all the answers

What is the difference between lymphadenopathy and lymphadenitis?

Lymphadenopathy is a disease of the lymph nodes, while lymphadenitis is an infection Signup and view all the answers

Which laboratory finding is NOT associated with an allergic response?

C-reactive protein levels Signup and view all the answers

Which type of allergy testing involves direct application of the suspected allergen to the sensitive tissue?

Provocative testing Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a precaution for preparing a patient for allergy testing?

Instruct the patient to take antihistamines before the test Signup and view all the answers

Which type of hypersensitivity reaction involves the body developing IgE antibodies after initial exposure to an antigen?

Type I (Rapid or Anaphylactic) Signup and view all the answers

What is the most dangerous type of allergic reaction?

Anaphylaxis Signup and view all the answers

What is the initial medication of choice for treating anaphylaxis?

Epinephrine Signup and view all the answers

What is the classification of epinephrine?

Adrenergic Agonist, Catecholamine Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary action of antihistamines in managing allergic reactions?

Blocks histamine release in small blood vessels Signup and view all the answers

Which type of hypersensitivity reaction involves T-cells and macrophages, but not antibodies?

Type IV Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is an example of a Type V hypersensitivity reaction?

Graves' disease Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary management approach for Type IV hypersensitivity reactions?

Prevention and avoiding the allergen Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a common trigger for allergic reactions?

Bacterial infections Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary action of corticosteroids in managing allergic reactions?

Anti-inflammatory Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of desensitization therapy for allergies?

To gradually increase the body's production of IgD antibodies to block IgE antibodies Signup and view all the answers