Natural Hazards and Tectonic Plates Quiz

<p>Due to friction between plates (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Seismic waves (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Magnitude (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Fatalities (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Level of development (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Unpredictability of hazards (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Speed of onset (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Political Influence (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Dangerous settlement locations (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Lack of basic services (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Secondary waves (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Rayleigh waves (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Soil liquefaction (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Time of day (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Primary waves (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Upward displacement of water by jolt of oceanic crust (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Structural damage from vibrations (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Intensity decreases (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Providing funds and coordination for rescue efforts (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>High population density (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Poverty is both a cause and result of natural hazards (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Asset inequality (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It can negatively impact preparedness and recovery (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Social status inequality (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Higher number of people affected by hazards (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Poor transport links that hinder rescue efforts (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Rescuing people (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Reopening schools (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Strengthening individual buildings (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Installing monitoring systems for volcanoes (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>They require high-cost investment (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Modify the Vulnerability (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>They require high costs for construction (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Predict eruptions and facilitate evacuations (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Long-term aid and reconstruction (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>They can slow down and divert lava flows (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>They can operate independently of outside aid (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>They might be harder to implement in remote areas (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Establishing zoning regulations (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Presence of critical infrastructure (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>By preventing settlement in high-risk areas (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It raises awareness and teaches effective responses during disasters. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Large scale disasters affecting significant areas and populations. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Outbreak of diseases (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>By diverting resources from essential services. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Closure of European airspace causing trade halts. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>They significantly damage operations and create economic uncertainty. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

The process where hot, less dense material rises and cooler, denser material sinks, creating circular movements within the Earth's mantle.

The pulling force exerted by a subducting oceanic plate (the denser one) as it sinks into the mantle, dragging the rest of the plate along.

The primary mechanism driving plate movement, where the denser oceanic plate pulls the rest of the plate downwards.

The point underground where an earthquake originates.

The area directly above the focus of an earthquake on the Earth's surface.

The likelihood that a hazard will occur in a specific area within a certain time period.

The severity of a hazard, often measured by its intensity or the extent of its impact area.

The duration of the hazard, or how long it lasts.

The time between the first warning signs of a hazard and its actual occurrence.

The number of fatalities caused directly or indirectly by a hazard.

The financial loss incurred due to damage to assets, disruption of economic activity, and insurance claims.

The ability to predict the location where a hazard is most likely to occur.

A tool that helps decision-makers allocate resources by comparing and analyzing the characteristics of different hazards.

Seismic waves that travel through solids, vibrating in the same direction as their movement.

Seismic waves that travel only through solids, vibrating perpendicular to their movement.

Seismic waves that travel near the Earth's surface, causing a rolling motion with vertical ground movement.

Seismic waves that combine up-and-down and side-to-side movements, causing both vertical and horizontal displacements.

A sudden release of energy in the Earth's crust, causing vibrations that travel as waves.

The intensity of an earthquake decreases as the distance from the epicenter increases.

Significant events causing widespread devastation, impacting large areas and populations.

The extent to which a place is vulnerable to a hazard.

A state of being readily susceptible to harm or damage.

The collective impact of various factors that increase vulnerability.

The capacity to cope and adapt to hazards.

Actions taken to lessen the impact of a hazard.

The likelihood of a hazard occurring within a specific location and time.

Measures implemented to reduce the negative effects of a disaster.

The amount of money and resources a government invests in preparing for and mitigating hazards.

A situation where poverty both causes and is caused by natural hazards, creating a cycle of vulnerability.

When a hazard's negative effects worsen due to existing conditions, like poverty, creating a snowball effect of consequences.

The uneven distribution of resources, opportunities, and power within a community.

Variations in resources and assets, affecting how a community copes with hazards. For example, owning a safe home or having access to good farming land.

Unequal access to public services and systems, like healthcare and education, due to factors like social status or economic background.

A situation where a country lacks strong government leadership and faces corruption, impacting its ability to prepare for and respond to hazards effectively.

The primary goal is to save lives and reduce economic damage.

Short-term aid focuses on immediate needs like food, water, and shelter. Long-term aid supports rebuilding homes and infrastructure.

This approach modifies the hazard itself to reduce its impact. Examples include tsunami walls, lava diversion, and reinforcing buildings.

This approach modifies how vulnerable people are to the hazard. Examples include building resistant structures and improving early warning systems.

This approach focuses on reducing the financial and economic losses caused by a hazard. Examples include insurance and reconstruction programs.

Strengthening buildings to withstand earthquakes, especially vital structures like hospitals and schools.

This approach targets entire communities, using large-scale measures to provide protection. Examples include flood defenses or tsunami walls.

Tsunami walls are designed to absorb the energy of incoming waves, preventing them from reaching land.

Mangrove forests act as natural barriers, dissipating the energy of waves and reducing their impact on the coastline.

This approach involves developing new technologies and monitoring systems to predict and warn about hazards.

This approach focuses on educating communities and preparing them for a hazard. It helps build their capacity to respond and reduce the impact.

Moving people out of harm's way before a hazard occurs, either permanently or temporarily. It may involve relocating entire communities.

This aid is used to provide immediate assistance after a disaster. It helps to save lives and provide basic necessities.

This aid focuses on rebuilding infrastructure, reviving economies, and improving resilience in the long term.

Local communities often take the lead in providing immediate assistance, clearing debris, and establishing temporary shelters.