Natural Hazards and Disasters
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Natural Hazards and Disasters

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Questions and Answers

What determines the severity of the impact of natural hazards on a community?

  • The number of natural hazards faced by other communities
  • The community's economic development level
  • The vulnerability of the population and societal capacity to cope (correct)
  • The geographic location of the community alone

    • What factor does NOT influence the types of natural hazards a community may face?

  • Geology
  • Climate
  • Geography
  • Historical architecture (correct)

    • What must occur for a natural disaster to be classified as such?

  • A natural hazard causes disruption in governance
  • Continuous monitoring of natural hazards takes place
  • A natural hazard results in destruction of human life or property (correct)
  • Immediate response by disaster management is implemented

    • Which of the following describes a cyclone?

    <p>An atmospheric system characterized by strong, spiraling winds towards the center</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How are natural hazards primarily classified in relation to a community?

    <p>By the adverse interaction between natural processes and human society</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is one economic effect of a hazardous event?

    <p>Business interruptions due to accessibility problems</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which factors affect the vulnerability of an area to natural hazards?

    <p>Physical, social, economic, and environmental factors</p> Signup and view all the answers

    According to the definition of vulnerability, what does it measure?

    <p>The loss to each element should a hazard occur</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What should be addressed to sustain efforts in reducing vulnerability?

    <p>Root causes such as poverty and poor governance</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which population groups are considered more vulnerable to hazards?

    <p>The very young and the old</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How can resources be made more efficient in reducing vulnerabilities?

    <p>Through more extensive mitigation and preparedness measures</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What do recent hazard events in the Philippines emphasize the need for?

    <p>Assessing vulnerability levels of exposed areas</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT considered a measure to reduce vulnerabilities?

    <p>Increasing accessibility problems</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does physical exposure refer to?

    <p>The geographical location of people and structures</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which dimension of exposure involves understanding the financial implications of potential hazard impacts?

    <p>Economic Exposure</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Social exposure can affect the level of risk because of which factors?

    <p>Income, education, and health status</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Environmental exposure includes which of the following considerations?

    <p>The resilience of natural systems to hazards</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Understanding the dimensions of exposure is critical for what purpose?

    <p>To assess risk and plan disaster mitigation strategies</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of exposure does NOT directly concern the physical presence of entities in hazard-prone areas?

    <p>Social Exposure</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary focus of economic exposure?

    <p>The impact of hazards on asset values</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which aspect of exposure involves natural ecosystems and biodiversity?

    <p>Environmental Exposure</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary focus of the Ramsar Convention?

    <p>Protecting wetlands</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which organization published the 'Global Assessment Report on Disaster Risk Reduction 2019'?

    <p>United Nations Office for Disaster Risk Reduction (UNDRR)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which publication focuses on the economic aspects of disaster risk and management?

    <p>The economics of disaster risk, risk management, and resilience</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What key concept is NOT generally associated with vulnerability in disaster risk contexts?

    <p>Environmental preservation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of UNESCO in the context of natural disasters?

    <p>Cultural heritage preservation during conflicts</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which group is considered one of the most vulnerable populations?

    <p>Homeless or street people</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why do developing nations face greater exposure and vulnerability compared to developed countries?

    <p>They suffer from a rapid inability to adapt and create wealth.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What major demographic change is expected by the year 2025?

    <p>Two-thirds of the global population becoming urban-dwellers</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which environmental risk is exacerbated by rapid urbanization?

    <p>Heightened vulnerability to disaster risk</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is one reason marginalized groups are vulnerable during disasters?

    <p>They lack access to critical resources and support.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What issue does increasing informal settlers close to hazardous areas create?

    <p>Increased exposure to inundation and landslides</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following groups does not typically fall under the most vulnerable populations?

    <p>Corporate executives</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a consequence of the rapid quintupling of the urban population in less-developed countries?

    <p>Reduced disaster preparedness</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Natural Hazards and Disasters

    • Severity of impact depends on population vulnerability and societal capacity to manage hazards.
    • Natural hazards arise from unfavorable interactions between natural processes and human actions or environments.
    • Communities’ primary concerns regarding natural hazards are managed by disaster management professionals.
    • Types of natural hazards faced are influenced by climate, geography, geology, and land-use practices.
    • Natural disasters occur when hazards cause significant destruction to life or property.

    Types of Natural Hazards

    • Cyclone: A potent low-pressure system characterized by strong spiral winds rotating counter-clockwise in the northern hemisphere.

    Impacts of Natural Hazards

    • Long-term consequences include tangible (e.g., property damage) and intangible (social, environmental, economic) losses.
    • Economic impacts encompass:
      • Business interruptions from access issues.
      • Job losses and restricted work access.
      • Reduced government income from tax shortfalls during crises.
      • Negative impact on Gross Domestic Product (GDP).

    Dimensions of Exposure

    • Physical Exposure: Relates to the geographical location and asset presence in hazard-prone areas.
    • Social Exposure: Influenced by demographics like age, health, income, education, and social networks.
    • Economic Exposure: Encompasses the economic value of assets at risk and potential financial losses.
    • Environmental Exposure: Concerns natural ecosystems vulnerable to hazards and their ability to mitigate impacts.

    Vulnerability to Hazards

    • Vulnerability refers to the potential loss of elements due to hazards of varying severity.
    • Factors determining vulnerability include physical, social, economic, and environmental conditions.
    • Recent natural disasters in the Philippines underscore the need for vulnerability assessments to optimize resource allocation for disaster preparedness.

    Vulnerable Populations

    • Certain demographics face higher vulnerability, including:
      • Individuals with disabilities.
      • Children and seniors.
      • People requiring medication.
      • Women, particularly single or unemployed.
      • Ethnic minorities and marginalized groups.
      • Homeless and incarcerated individuals.

    Urbanization and Vulnerability

    • Developing nations experience higher vulnerability due to rapid urbanization and inadequate resources to adapt.
    • The world’s urban population has quintupled over the past 60 years, especially in less-developed countries.
    • By 2025, it is projected that two-thirds of the world's population will reside in urban areas.
    • Increased informal settlements in risk-prone regions heighten exposure to natural disasters, such as floods and landslides.

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    Disaster Readiness And Risk Reduction PDF

    Description

    Explore the complexities of natural hazards and their impacts on society. This quiz covers the types of natural hazards, including cyclones, and discusses the role of disaster management. Understand how geography and climate influence vulnerability and disaster response.

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