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Questions and Answers
What process do plants use to create natural clones?
What process do plants use to create natural clones?
Cloning in plants increases genetic biodiversity.
Cloning in plants increases genetic biodiversity.
False (B)
Name one method used to create clones from plant cuttings.
Name one method used to create clones from plant cuttings.
Using rooting powders or plant hormones (auxins).
Strawberries can produce new plants by extending their __________ in the soil.
Strawberries can produce new plants by extending their __________ in the soil.
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Match the plant with its cloning method:
Match the plant with its cloning method:
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What is one advantage of cloning in horticulture?
What is one advantage of cloning in horticulture?
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Grafting involves joining the shoot of one plant to the root of another.
Grafting involves joining the shoot of one plant to the root of another.
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What happens to cloned plants if a disease affects their genetic make-up?
What happens to cloned plants if a disease affects their genetic make-up?
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Clones can possess the desired __________ makeup for certain traits.
Clones can possess the desired __________ makeup for certain traits.
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Which of the following is a method of artificial cloning?
Which of the following is a method of artificial cloning?
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Study Notes
Natural Cloning in Plants
- Natural clones are genetically identical copies of a parent plant, produced asexually via mitosis (cell division).
- Examples include strawberries, elm trees, potatoes, onions, and bamboo.
- Strawberries produce new plants from stems growing in the soil.
- Elm trees extend roots to create new plants.
- Potatoes sprout tubers from their skins.
- Onions and bamboo also reproduce through natural cloning.
Horticulture Applications of Cloning
- Horticulturists use natural clones to propagate desirable plant traits, e.g., a strawberry with a specific flavor profile.
- This allows for widespread reproduction of plants with those desired qualities.
Disadvantages of Cloning
- Low genetic biodiversity in cloned populations makes them vulnerable to environmental changes or diseases.
- The elm tree population faced significant decline due to disease, which exemplifies this vulnerability.
Cloning by Cuttings
- Cuttings, a technique that involves humans, are another way to achieve cloning.
- A healthy shoot from a parent plant is cut.
- The stem is cut at an angle to maximize surface area for root development.
- The cut end is dipped in rooting powders/plant hormones.
- The cutting is then placed in soil or compost and kept moist.
Cloning by Grafting
- Grafting involves joining a shoot of one plant (scion) to the stem or root of another (rootstock).
- It involves careful cutting angles to increase the area for adhesion.
- Rootstock with strong roots is often used for strength and growth.
- The scion plant is selected for its desirable traits (e.g. fruit taste).
Advantages of Cloning
- Cloning can be used to create seedless fruits (e.g. seedless grapes)
- It enables propagation of plants with desired traits (e.g. juicy strawberries, red color).
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Description
This quiz explores the process of natural cloning in plants, including examples and horticultural applications. It also discusses the advantages and disadvantages of cloning, particularly in the context of genetic biodiversity. Test your knowledge on how cloning affects plant propagation and resilience.
