Natural Cloning in Plants and Horticulture
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Questions and Answers

What process do plants use to create natural clones?

  • Meiosis
  • Mitosis (correct)
  • Binary fission
  • Cell differentiation
  • Cloning in plants increases genetic biodiversity.

    False

    Name one method used to create clones from plant cuttings.

    Using rooting powders or plant hormones (auxins).

    Strawberries can produce new plants by extending their __________ in the soil.

    <p>stems</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the plant with its cloning method:

    <p>Strawberries = Stolons Potatoes = Tubers Onions = Bulbs Elm Trees = Natural cloning by roots</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is one advantage of cloning in horticulture?

    <p>Uniform genetics</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Grafting involves joining the shoot of one plant to the root of another.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What happens to cloned plants if a disease affects their genetic make-up?

    <p>All cloned plants are likely to be affected due to their genetic similarity.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Clones can possess the desired __________ makeup for certain traits.

    <p>genetic</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a method of artificial cloning?

    <p>Cuttings</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Natural Cloning in Plants

    • Natural clones are genetically identical copies of a parent plant, produced asexually via mitosis (cell division).
    • Examples include strawberries, elm trees, potatoes, onions, and bamboo.
    • Strawberries produce new plants from stems growing in the soil.
    • Elm trees extend roots to create new plants.
    • Potatoes sprout tubers from their skins.
    • Onions and bamboo also reproduce through natural cloning.

    Horticulture Applications of Cloning

    • Horticulturists use natural clones to propagate desirable plant traits, e.g., a strawberry with a specific flavor profile.
    • This allows for widespread reproduction of plants with those desired qualities.

    Disadvantages of Cloning

    • Low genetic biodiversity in cloned populations makes them vulnerable to environmental changes or diseases.
    • The elm tree population faced significant decline due to disease, which exemplifies this vulnerability.

    Cloning by Cuttings

    • Cuttings, a technique that involves humans, are another way to achieve cloning.
    • A healthy shoot from a parent plant is cut.
    • The stem is cut at an angle to maximize surface area for root development.
    • The cut end is dipped in rooting powders/plant hormones.
    • The cutting is then placed in soil or compost and kept moist.

    Cloning by Grafting

    • Grafting involves joining a shoot of one plant (scion) to the stem or root of another (rootstock).
    • It involves careful cutting angles to increase the area for adhesion.
    • Rootstock with strong roots is often used for strength and growth.
    • The scion plant is selected for its desirable traits (e.g. fruit taste).

    Advantages of Cloning

    • Cloning can be used to create seedless fruits (e.g. seedless grapes)
    • It enables propagation of plants with desired traits (e.g. juicy strawberries, red color).

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    Description

    This quiz explores the process of natural cloning in plants, including examples and horticultural applications. It also discusses the advantages and disadvantages of cloning, particularly in the context of genetic biodiversity. Test your knowledge on how cloning affects plant propagation and resilience.

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