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Questions and Answers
Which family of plants is largely responsible for the production of isoflavones?
Which family of plants is largely responsible for the production of isoflavones?
Which nitrogen-containing compounds are mentioned in the text?
Which nitrogen-containing compounds are mentioned in the text?
Which disease is quinine effectively used for the treatment of?
Which disease is quinine effectively used for the treatment of?
Ephedrine is used effectively for the treatment of which diseases?
Ephedrine is used effectively for the treatment of which diseases?
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What is the proposed role of alkaloids in plants during metabolism?
What is the proposed role of alkaloids in plants during metabolism?
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'Piperine' present in fruits of Piper longum and Piper officinarum is classified as:
'Piperine' present in fruits of Piper longum and Piper officinarum is classified as:
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What is the best method for production of virus-free plants?
What is the best method for production of virus-free plants?
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Which of the following is NOT a plant-derived alkaloid?
Which of the following is NOT a plant-derived alkaloid?
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What do elicitors primarily do in plants?
What do elicitors primarily do in plants?
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How many types have terpenes been classified into based on the number of five-carbon isoprene units?
How many types have terpenes been classified into based on the number of five-carbon isoprene units?
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Which plant species is limonene, a cyclic monoterpene, derived from?
Which plant species is limonene, a cyclic monoterpene, derived from?
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What are the main subclasses of flavonoids?
What are the main subclasses of flavonoids?
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Study Notes
Clones and Plant Propagation
- A clone is a group of organisms produced by asexual method and are genetically similar
- Meristem culture is the best suited method for production of virus-free plants
Alkaloids and Terpenes
- Menthol, nicotine, and quinine are plant-derived alkaloids
- Codeine is not a plant-derived alkaloid
- Terpenes have been classified into five types based on the number of five-carbon isoprene units
- Vincristine and vinblastine are two alkaloids derived from Catharanthus roseus
Flavonoids and Phenolic Compounds
- Limonene is a cyclic monoterpene derived from the peel of many plant species, such as citrus fruits
- The main subclasses of flavonoids are flavonols, flavones, flavanones, and anthocyanidins
- Isoflavones have antimutagenic and antibacterial activity and are largely produced by the members of the legume family, such as soybean
- Common flavonols include quercetin, kaempferol, and myricetin
- Phenolic compounds are potential antioxidants
Medicinal Uses of Alkaloids
- Quinine is effectively used for the treatment of malaria
- Ephedrine is used effectively for the treatment of inflammatory diseases
- Homoharringtonine is used effectively for the treatment of cancer
- Morphine is one of the most important alkaloids derived from the poppy plant and is used as an analgesic and anesthetic
- Piperine is an alkaloid present in fruits of Piper longum and Piper officinarum
Genetic Engineering and Plant Transformation
- NPT II gene is a marker gene that confers resistance to the antibiotic kanamycin
- hpt is also called the hygromycin phosphotransferase gene
- The dhfr gene produces an enzyme dihydrofolate reductase which is inhibited by the antimetabolite methotrexate
- Bialophos, phosphinothricin, and glufosinate are commonly used herbicides
- The pat/bar genes code for phosphinothricin acetyltransferase which can convert the herbicides into non-herbicidal forms
- The herbicide glyphosate blocks the activity of the enzyme enolpyruvylshikimate phosphate synthase (EPSPS)
- Plant transformation can be assessed by the expression of reporter genes, screenable genes, and scoreable genes
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Description
Test your knowledge on cloning, plant alkaloids, and elicitors with this quiz. Questions cover topics like methods of cloning, plant-derived alkaloids, and the function of elicitors in plants.
