Podcast
Questions and Answers
What is one of the main functions of the council discussed?
What is one of the main functions of the council discussed?
- To distribute land among citizens
- To regulate internal trade policies
- To strengthen and mobilize the nation's resources (correct)
- To manage foreign relations of the nation
What year was the National Integration Council (NIC) created?
What year was the National Integration Council (NIC) created?
- 1986 (correct)
- 1984
- 1990
- 1988
Which article allows the President to assume executive powers of a State during a Proclamation of failure of Constitutional machinery?
Which article allows the President to assume executive powers of a State during a Proclamation of failure of Constitutional machinery?
- Article 356(1) (correct)
- Article 353(a)
- Article 352
- Article 360
What is a function of the council regarding economic policies?
What is a function of the council regarding economic policies?
Under a Proclamation of Financial Emergency, what can the Union require regarding Money Bills?
Under a Proclamation of Financial Emergency, what can the Union require regarding Money Bills?
Which article outlines the observation of financial propriety during a Financial Emergency?
Which article outlines the observation of financial propriety during a Financial Emergency?
Which type of revenue is levied and appropriated by the States according to the content?
Which type of revenue is levied and appropriated by the States according to the content?
What impact does a Proclamation of Emergency have on the State Government according to Article 353(a)?
What impact does a Proclamation of Emergency have on the State Government according to Article 353(a)?
What amendment was recommended by the Committee regarding Article 312?
What amendment was recommended by the Committee regarding Article 312?
Which of the following was a recommendation regarding the High Courts of States?
Which of the following was a recommendation regarding the High Courts of States?
What did the Committee state about the territorial integrity of a State?
What did the Committee state about the territorial integrity of a State?
What shared revenue did the Commission recommend for States?
What shared revenue did the Commission recommend for States?
Which article allows the Governor to report to the President regarding serious internal disturbances?
Which article allows the Governor to report to the President regarding serious internal disturbances?
According to the Rajamannar Committee, what was one of their recommendations regarding Articles 356 and 357?
According to the Rajamannar Committee, what was one of their recommendations regarding Articles 356 and 357?
What is one of the responsibilities of the Governor according to the recommendations?
What is one of the responsibilities of the Governor according to the recommendations?
What did the Commission suggest about the All India Services?
What did the Commission suggest about the All India Services?
What was the Commission's stance on the office of Governor?
What was the Commission's stance on the office of Governor?
Which of the following does the Rajamannar Committee suggest as an alternative to repealing Articles 356 and 357?
Which of the following does the Rajamannar Committee suggest as an alternative to repealing Articles 356 and 357?
What did the Committee recommend regarding the treatment of political instability?
What did the Committee recommend regarding the treatment of political instability?
How did the Commission propose to address friction between the Centre and the States?
How did the Commission propose to address friction between the Centre and the States?
What was the outcome of the Governors' Conference held on November 26, 1971?
What was the outcome of the Governors' Conference held on November 26, 1971?
How did the Commission view the use of Article 356?
How did the Commission view the use of Article 356?
What is emphasized as a guiding principle for the Governor's actions?
What is emphasized as a guiding principle for the Governor's actions?
What was a primary concern of the Rajamannar Committee regarding the actions of the ruling party?
What was a primary concern of the Rajamannar Committee regarding the actions of the ruling party?
What did the Supreme Court rule regarding forward contracts in reference to Article 301?
What did the Supreme Court rule regarding forward contracts in reference to Article 301?
In which case did the Supreme Court invalidate the creation of a monopoly in sugar favoring cooperative societies?
In which case did the Supreme Court invalidate the creation of a monopoly in sugar favoring cooperative societies?
What was the court's stance on the legality of the Maharashtra debt relief act with respect to Article 301?
What was the court's stance on the legality of the Maharashtra debt relief act with respect to Article 301?
According to the Supreme Court, which activity was considered not to fall under trade, commerce, and intercourse?
According to the Supreme Court, which activity was considered not to fall under trade, commerce, and intercourse?
What implication did the court suggest about unlawful activities opposing public morality?
What implication did the court suggest about unlawful activities opposing public morality?
How did the Supreme Court define the term 'trade'?
How did the Supreme Court define the term 'trade'?
What is the primary method recommended for removing the Government in the State Assembly?
What is the primary method recommended for removing the Government in the State Assembly?
What type of document should the Governor's report be under Article 356 according to the Commission?
What type of document should the Governor's report be under Article 356 according to the Commission?
What is an example of an activity that the court recognized as integral to trade?
What is an example of an activity that the court recognized as integral to trade?
What change to the wording in clause (5) of Article 356 is recommended by the Commission?
What change to the wording in clause (5) of Article 356 is recommended by the Commission?
What was the Supreme Court's conclusion regarding the prohibition of activities against morals?
What was the Supreme Court's conclusion regarding the prohibition of activities against morals?
What must happen for the President to revoke a proclamation under Article 356?
What must happen for the President to revoke a proclamation under Article 356?
How soon must the Lok Sabha hold a special sitting to consider a resolution after receiving notice?
How soon must the Lok Sabha hold a special sitting to consider a resolution after receiving notice?
What is the key factor in the 'speaking document' regarding the Governor's report?
What is the key factor in the 'speaking document' regarding the Governor's report?
In which article is the procedure for proclaiming President's Rule outlined?
In which article is the procedure for proclaiming President's Rule outlined?
What does the Commission recommend about the continuation of President's Rule without emergency?
What does the Commission recommend about the continuation of President's Rule without emergency?
Study Notes
National Integration Council (NIC)
- Established in 1986 to address welfare measures for minorities across India.
- Focuses on issues like communal harmony, violence from secessionists, and regional conflicts in Punjab and Kashmir.
Emergency Provisions
- During an Emergency, the Union government can direct the execution of State powers as per Article 353(a).
- President can assume State executive powers under Article 356(1) during a failure of constitutional machinery.
- Financial Emergency provisions include control over salaries and financial bills (Article 360).
Financial Relations and Revenue Distribution
- Article 264-281 outlines taxation sources allocated to the Centre and States, ensuring proper distribution of revenues.
- Some revenues are specifically designated for State and Union Lists.
Sarkaria Commission Report
- Formed in 1983 to analyze and suggest reforms for Centre-State relations; submitted in 1988.
- Emphasizes the unity of the nation while advocating for liberal use of Article 258, allowing State empowerment.
- Recommends minimal use of Article 356 and favoring alternative governance before imposing President’s Rule.
- Suggests formation of an Inter-Government Council to address friction points.
Rajamannar Committee Report
- Established in 1969 in Tamil Nadu; proposed significant amendments to Centre-State relations.
- Recommended the repeal of Articles 356 and 357 to avoid arbitrary ruling at the Centre.
- Advocated for constructive votes of no confidence for State Assembly leadership changes.
- Highlighted the need for the Governor's report under Article 356 to be a "speaking document" with clear justifications for President's Rule.
- Suggested adjustments in Article 356 to allow for President's Rule continuation if elections cannot be held.
Supreme Court Evaluations
- Important Supreme Court cases examined the validity of State actions under Article 301 concerning trade and commerce.
- Certain state restrictions on trade, such as monopolistic orders, have been deemed unconstitutional.
- The Court analyzed the definition of trade and established the broad inclusivity of commercial activities beyond mere goods movement, including financial transactions and banking services.
Studying That Suits You
Use AI to generate personalized quizzes and flashcards to suit your learning preferences.
Description
This quiz focuses on the functions and objectives of the National Integration Council (NIC) established in 1986. It aims to strengthen national efforts, promote economic policies, and ensure balanced development across the country, particularly for minority welfare. Test your understanding of these key aspects!
