National Artists for Visual Arts

Fernando Amorsolo: First National Artist of the Philippines; known for bright and cheerful paintings utilizing backlighting techniques.
Carlos "Botong" Francisco: Distinguished mural painter who revived mural art, focused on historical events as subjects.
Guillermo E. Tolentino: National Artist for Sculpture (1973); designer of the Philippine seal and the UP Oblation sculpture.
Napoleon V. Abueva: Father of Modern Philippine Sculpture; created both representational and abstract sculptures with diverse materials, known for "buoyant sculpture".
Victorio C. Edades: Father of Modern Philippine Painting; utilized dark somber colors to focus on ordinary lives and laborers.
Vicente Manansala: Known for realistic themes in a cubist style; believed in the beauty of the artistic process.
Hernando R. Ocampo: Known for abstract art; used intense colors and curved lines; "Genesis" design for CCP Main Theater curtain.
Cesar Legaspi: Refined cubism by breaking forms into geometric shapes in his artwork.
Ang Kiukok: Expressed nationalism through vivid cubistic figures; notable works include "Geometric Landscape" and "Pieta".
Jose T. Joya: Pioneer of abstract expressionism in the Philippines; famous for "Granadean Arabesque".

National Artists for Architecture

Pablo S. Antonio: Pioneer in modern Philippine architecture; emphasized natural light, cross ventilation, and simplicity in design.
Leandro V. Locsin: Combined Eastern and Western aesthetics in architecture, featuring themes of floating volume.
Ildefonso P. Santos: Father of Landscape Architecture in the Philippines; integrated landscapes and art in urban settings like Makati.

National Artists for Literature

Carlos Quirino: First National Artist for Historical Literature; authored "The Great Malayan", an early biography of Jose Rizal.
Francisco Arcellana: Pioneer in modern Filipino short stories in English; created a lyrical prose-poetic form.
N.V.M. Gonzales: An accomplished fictionist and poet; winner of prestigious literary awards including the Commonwealth Literary Contest in 1940.
Nick Joaquin: Notable writer in English; produced diverse literary works, including journalism under the pen name Guerre Quijano de Manila.
Manuel Conde: Innovator in Filipino cinema; directed historical films based on local folklore.
Eddie S. Romero: Renowned filmmaker known for classics reflecting Filipino life; his works include "Ganito Kami Noon...Paano Kayo Ngayon?".
Lino Brocka: Known for films highlighting marginalized communities; also involved in theater directing.
Gerardo de Leon: Influential filmmaker of the 50s and 60s; produced classics like "Noli Me Tangere".
Ishmael Bernal: Critically acclaimed director known for films focusing on social issues; recognized for his contributions to Philippine cinema.
Ronald Alan K. Poe: Iconic figure in the film industry; starred in numerous popular films as an actor and director.
Francisca Reyes Aquino: Researched and documented Philippine folk dances; contribution led to educational materials in schools.
Leonor Orosa Goquingco: Known as the "Mother of Philippine Theater Dance"; blended folkloric and Asian influences in ballet.

Elements of Music

Melody: Series of notes with changing pitch and duration.
Rhythm: Includes tempo, meter, and rhythmic patterns.
Harmony: Combination of different tones sung or played together.
Texture: Relationship between melodic and harmonic lines.
Dynamics: Expresses volume variations in music.
Timbre: Quality of sound unique to each instrument or voice.
Form: Structure and organization of musical elements.

Types of Philippine Music

Ethnic Traditional Music: Includes ballads, chants, and song debates.
European Influences: Features art songs, liturgical music, and dances like habanera.
American-Inspired Music: Comprises classical, semi-classical, and popular music genres.

Elements of Dance

Body Element: How and what parts of the body move.
Space: Area where dance is executed.
Time: Encompasses rhythm, beat, and duration of movement.
Energy: Refers to dynamics, how energy is expressed through movement.
Relationship: Interaction between dancers and the performance space.

Forms and Types of Dance

Folk Dance: Community-based dances encompassing various themes and purposes.
Ballet: Integrated dance form with plot, music, and staging.
Modern Dance: Evolved during the 20th century, focusing on expression over classical technique.

Theater

Performance: Art form involving scripted actions and emotions.
Elements: Includes performers, audience, director, performance space, design, and text.
Types of Philippine Theater: Includes Dulang Pahiyang, Dulambayan (people's theater), and Teatrong Pansimbahan.

Film

Definition: Sequence of moving pictures, became a significant industry in the Philippines during the 1950s.
Film Elements: Time as a crucial component in film editing and storytelling.