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Questions and Answers
What was Napoleon's initial attitude towards the French revolution?
Where did Napoleon achieve his first major conquest?
What caused tension in France in 1795, leading to a rise in royalists and fear among the Thermidorians?
What was the main reason for the Directory's instability?
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How did Napoleon seize the opportunity to prove himself as a general during the time of the Directory?
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What event came to be known as the 'Whiff of Grapeshot'?
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What allowed for administrative unity and Napoleon's coup d’etat?
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What drew the Italian intelligentsia to the notion of the French invasion of Italy?
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What did France invade Italy with in 1796?
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What did some parts of Italy hope for as a result of the French Revolution?
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Study Notes
Napoleon's Early Years
- Napoleon's initial attitude towards the French Revolution was one of indifference, as he was more concerned with his own military career.
Early Conquests
- Napoleon achieved his first major conquest in Toulon, where he successfully recaptured the city from the British in 1793.
French Politics in 1795
- Tension in France in 1795 was caused by the rise of royalists, who were seeking to restore the monarchy, and the fear among the Thermidorians, who were worried about losing power.
The Directory's Instability
- The main reason for the Directory's instability was its inability to effectively govern France, leading to economic crisis, corruption, and internal conflicts.
Napoleon's Rise to Power
- Napoleon seized the opportunity to prove himself as a general during the time of the Directory by suppressing a royalist uprising in Paris, earning him popularity and recognition.
The 'Whiff of Grapeshot'
- The 'Whiff of Grapeshot' event occurred on October 5, 1795, when Napoleon's artillery fired a warning shot to disperse a royalist mob, marking a turning point in his career.
Napoleon's Coup d'etat
- The coup d'etat of 18 Brumaire (November 9, 1799) allowed for administrative unity and paved the way for Napoleon's rise to power, as he abolished the Directory and established the Consulate.
Italian Invasion
- The Italian intelligentsia was drawn to the notion of the French invasion of Italy due to the promise of liberty, equality, and fraternity, as well as the idea of unifying Italy.
French Invasion of Italy
- France invaded Italy in 1796 with a large and well-equipped army, led by Napoleon.
Italian Hopes
- Some parts of Italy hoped for the creation of a unified Italian republic, free from Austrian and papal rule, as a result of the French Revolution.
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Description
Test your knowledge on the early life and military beginnings of Napoleon Bonaparte, from his humble origins in Corsica to his involvement in the French Revolution.
