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Questions and Answers
What is the main focus of nanotechnology?
What is the main focus of nanotechnology?
Nanotechnology was not clearly defined during the early 2000s.
Nanotechnology was not clearly defined during the early 2000s.
False
From what years does the early applications of nanotechnology discussed?
From what years does the early applications of nanotechnology discussed?
2000-2005
Nanotechnology is concerned with the science, engineering, and application of structures at the ________ scale.
Nanotechnology is concerned with the science, engineering, and application of structures at the ________ scale.
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Match the following terms with their definitions:
Match the following terms with their definitions:
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Who was the first person to earn a PhD in nanotechnology?
Who was the first person to earn a PhD in nanotechnology?
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The discovery of C60 is commonly known as Buckyballs.
The discovery of C60 is commonly known as Buckyballs.
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What significant achievement did IBM achieve in 1989?
What significant achievement did IBM achieve in 1989?
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The nano scale size effect allows for increased __________ to volume ratio.
The nano scale size effect allows for increased __________ to volume ratio.
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Match the following properties with their significance in nanotechnology:
Match the following properties with their significance in nanotechnology:
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Which of the following is an example of a mechanical property?
Which of the following is an example of a mechanical property?
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The reactivity of a substance is considered an electrical property.
The reactivity of a substance is considered an electrical property.
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What is the melting point of a substance?
What is the melting point of a substance?
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The ability of a material to conduct electricity is referred to as its ______ properties.
The ability of a material to conduct electricity is referred to as its ______ properties.
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Match the following properties with their definitions:
Match the following properties with their definitions:
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Which characteristic is NOT mentioned as a property of enhanced materials?
Which characteristic is NOT mentioned as a property of enhanced materials?
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Enhanced materials with unique properties are commonly used in textiles.
Enhanced materials with unique properties are commonly used in textiles.
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Name one product that enhanced materials are integrated into.
Name one product that enhanced materials are integrated into.
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Enhanced materials are often characterized by unique properties such as strength, flexibility, and __________.
Enhanced materials are often characterized by unique properties such as strength, flexibility, and __________.
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Match the following products with the enhanced material properties they may incorporate:
Match the following products with the enhanced material properties they may incorporate:
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What is one of the significant changes observed at the nanoscale?
What is one of the significant changes observed at the nanoscale?
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Nanobiotechnology does not result in changes to chemical properties.
Nanobiotechnology does not result in changes to chemical properties.
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Name one physical property that can change at the nanoscale.
Name one physical property that can change at the nanoscale.
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Nanobiotechnology deals with phenomena and properties at the __________ scale.
Nanobiotechnology deals with phenomena and properties at the __________ scale.
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Match the following properties to their type:
Match the following properties to their type:
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Which of the following materials is NOT classified as a nanomaterial?
Which of the following materials is NOT classified as a nanomaterial?
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Hydrogels can only respond to temperature changes.
Hydrogels can only respond to temperature changes.
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Name one type of nanoparticle used for drug delivery applications.
Name one type of nanoparticle used for drug delivery applications.
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Porous nanomaterials can be used for applications like ________ adsorption.
Porous nanomaterials can be used for applications like ________ adsorption.
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Match the following types of nanoparticles with their characteristics:
Match the following types of nanoparticles with their characteristics:
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Study Notes
Nano-scale Units
- Deci (d): 0.1
- Centi (c): 0.01
- Milli (m): 0.001
- Micro (µ): 0.000 001
- Nano (n): 0.000 000 001
- Pico (p): 0.000 000 000 001
- Femto (f): 0.000 000 000 000 001
- Atto (a): 0.000 000 000 000 000 001
- Zepto (z): 0.000 000 000 000 000 000 001
- Yocto (y): 0.000 000 000 000 000 000 000 001
Nanomaterials are not new
- Evidence from historical objects indicate nanomaterials have existed for centuries
- Examples include stained-glass windows
Nano-scale Size Effect
- Miniaturization of devices and systems
- High surface area to volume ratio
- Novel phenomena and properties
- Changes in physical properties (e.g., melting point)
- Changes in chemical properties (e.g., reactivity)
- Changes in electrical properties (e.g., conductivity)
- Changes in mechanical properties (e.g., strength)
- Changes in optical properties (e.g., light emission)
Nanotechnology
- Norio Taniguchi (1974) defined nanotechnology as mainly consisting of processing, separation, consolidation, and deformation of materials by one atom or one molecule
- Richard Feynman (1959) discussed the idea of manipulating matter at the atomic level in his speech "There's Plenty of Room at the Bottom."
History of Nanotechnology
- K. Eric Drexler was the first PhD in nanotechnology
- Discovery of C60 (known as buckyballs)
- 1989 - IBM logo made with individual atoms
Classification of Nanomaterials
- Zero-dimensional: Nanoparticles, Fullerenes
- One-dimensional: Nanotubes, Nanohorns
- Two-dimensional: Nanolayers, Nanosheets
- Three-dimensional: Nanowire arrays, Nanotube arrays
Quantum Dot
- Semiconductor nanoparticles (1-20nm, quantum dots) have a structural arrangement similar to bulk materials, but very different physical properties (optical, electrical)
Liposome
- Structures of various sizes (SUV - smallest, GUV - largest)
- Lipid bilayer structure
- Different sizes and structures from MLV (multilayered vesicles) to GUV (giant unilamellar vesicles) and OLV (oligolamellar vesicles).
Micelle
- Spherical structures formed by amphiphilic molecules (e.g. surfactants) in an aqueous solution.
- Hydrophobic tails aggregate to create the micelle core.
- The hydrophilic heads face outwards to interact with the water.
Polymeric Nanoparticles
- Drug
- Micelle
- Liposome
- Nanosphere
- Nanocapsule
- Dendrimer
Block-co-polymers
- AB
- ABA
- BAB
- ABC
Aerogel
- Extremely low-density material
- High porosity
- Exceptional thermal insulation properties
- Potential applications in insulation, filtration, and other fields.
Hydrogels
- Three-dimensional polymer networks that absorb large amounts of water.
- Cross-linked water-soluble polymer chains form a gel-like structure.
- Applications in drug delivery and tissue engineering.
Magnetic Nanoparticles
- Diamagnetic, Paramagnetic, Ferromagnetic
- Magnetic properties of materials can be utilized for various applications (e.g., drug delivery)
Porous Nanomaterials
- High porosity
- Diverse structures from zeolites, metal-organic frameworks, and mesoporous silica.
- Applications in catalysis, adsorption, and separation.
Carbon Nanostructures
- Diamond, Graphite, Fullerenes, CNT's
- Sp2, Sp3 hybridization.
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Description
Test your knowledge of nanotechnology with this quiz, covering definitions, historical milestones, and key properties. From the origins of the field to its significant applications, assess your understanding of nanotechnology concepts and terminology.
