Myopia in Adults

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What is the approximate prevalence of myopia between the ages of 20 to 40 years?

40%
30% (correct)
20%
10%

What is the reason for the slight decrease in myopia prevalence after 40 years of age?

Tendency of some low myopes to 'loose' the myopia (correct)
Nuclear sclerosis
Age-related macular degeneration
Prolonged close work

What is the percentage of myopia prevalence beyond 75 years of age according to Hirsch's study?

6.7%
10.3%
12.3%
15.3% (correct)

What is the age range where myopia in children increases drastically?

From 1st grade to 8th grade (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is the typical age range where myopia worsens?

Until the age of 21 (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is the predicted level of myopia by 2050?

Predicted levels of myopia (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is the characteristic of myopia progression in adult years?

Slow progression or stabilization (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is the main factor responsible for young myopia progression?

Steepening of the anterior surface of the cornea (B) Signup and view all the answers

What happens to highly myopic children during teenage years?

They tend to progress at a much higher rate (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is the nature of myopia etiology?

Multifactorial or polygenic (B) Signup and view all the answers

What happens to small or moderate myopes during presbyopic years?

They observe a decrease in myopia (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is the risk of developing amblyopia in an asymmetrical myopia case?

The eye with higher myopia may develop amblyopia (A) Signup and view all the answers

What did Donders propose as the cause of myopia in 1864?

Prolonged tension on the eyes during close work and elongation of the axes (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of the macula in maintaining emmetropia?

It supplies information about the degree of stretch necessary to maintain emmetropia (C) Signup and view all the answers

What happens to the flow of aqueous humor when accommodating an object at 20cm?

It is blocked due to the sphincter muscle pulling forward on the anterior vitreous (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is the result of inadequate tonus of the ciliary-choroid envelope?

Myopia (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is the effect of high body temperature on the sclera?

It causes the sclera to stretch (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of the Edinger-Westphal nucleus (EWN) in maintaining emmetropia?

It determines the degree of stretch necessary to maintain emmetropia (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is a common issue faced by uncorrected hyperopic children?

Difficulty in performing visual perception skill tests (D) Signup and view all the answers

Why are traditional school and pediatrician's screenings often ineffective in detecting hyperopia?

They are directed towards myopes (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of introducing a trial lens of +1.00D during a vision screening?

To detect possible hyperopes (D) Signup and view all the answers

According to the InfantSEE program, what is recommended for children before preschool?

A comprehensive eye examination (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is the risk if hyperopia of +3.50 or more is not corrected?

Development of strabismus or amblyopia (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is the main concern for eyecare professionals when it comes to prescribing corrections for hyperopia?

When to prescribe glasses (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is a risk factor for myopia?

Female gender (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is a characteristic of pathologic myopic eyes?

Optic nerve crescents (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is a type of anomalous myopia?

Pilots myopia (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is a complication of high myopia?

All of the above (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for hyperopia that can be compensated with accommodation?

Facultative hyperopia (A) Signup and view all the answers

In which age range is hyperopia prevalence around 6%?

From age 6 to 15 (A) Signup and view all the answers