Myoglobin vs Hemoglobin Structure and Function
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Questions and Answers

Which type of interactions are primarily responsible for the tertiary structure of myoglobin and hemoglobin?

  • Covalent interactions
  • Van der Waals interactions
  • Ionic interactions
  • Hydrophobic interactions (correct)

In the binding of oxygen to heme iron in hemoglobin, what is the state of iron that is important for this process?

  • Oxidized state
  • Reduced state
  • Ferrous state (correct)
  • Ferric state

Which molecule binds to both adult hemoglobin and fetal hemoglobin, affecting their oxygenation properties?

  • 2,3-bisphosphoglycerate (correct)
  • Carbon monoxide
  • Oxygen
  • Carbon dioxide

What is the primary therapeutic approach for carbon monoxide poisoning due to its competitive interaction with oxygen in hemoglobin?

<p>Administration of pure oxygen (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which factor does not affect the oxygenation of hemoglobin in the lungs and in the tissues?

<p>Oxygen solubility in blood (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main chemical difference between hemoglobin and methemoglobin?

<p>Heme group is bound reversibly to oxygen in hemoglobin but irreversibly in methemoglobin (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of the distal histidine in myoglobin and hemoglobin?

<p>It prevents oxidation of the iron ion to a higher oxidation state (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which statement describes the function of the proximal histidine in myoglobin and hemoglobin?

<p>It binds directly to the iron in the heme group (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What causes methemoglobin formation?

<p>Oxidation of the iron ion from Fe2+ to Fe3+ (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of heme in cytochromes?

<p>It serves as an electron carrier (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of myoglobin?

<p>Releasing oxygen within muscle cells in response to oxygen demand (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does a lower P50 indicate for hemoglobin's affinity for oxygen?

<p>Higher affinity for oxygen (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following binds to hemoglobin in the T form, shifting the equilibrium between the R and T states toward the T form?

<p>2,3-Bisphosphoglycerate (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary effect of carbon monoxide poisoning on hemoglobin?

<p>Increases the affinity of hemoglobin for oxygen (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In what form does methemoglobin contain iron?

<p>Ferric (Fe3+) (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main difference between alpha thalassemia and beta thalassemia?

<p>Alpha thalassemia results in decreased expression of one of the four gene copies, while beta thalassemia results from a mutation in only one copy of the gene or incorrect splicing. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the abnormality associated with Hemoglobin Gun Hill?

<p>Formation of unstable mutant hemoglobin associated with mild compensated hemolysis due to a deletion of five amino acids in the beta-chains. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In uncontrolled diabetes, what happens to the levels of HbA1c compared to normal?

<p>HbA1c levels increase more than twice normal due to the generation of more HbA1c than normal. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does hereditary persistence of fetal hemoglobin (HPFH) refer to?

<p>Continued production of fetal hemoglobin (hemoglobin F) well into adulthood, disregarding the normal shutoff point after which only adult-type hemoglobin should be produced. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the impact of CO poisoning on hemoglobin?

<p>CO poisoning reduces the ability of hemoglobin to bind oxygen and transport it to tissues. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

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