15 Questions
What are the histological changes in myocardial infarction 3-7 days after the event?
Macrophages, phagocytosis
What is the major risk factor for complications of atherosclerosis?
Atherosclerosis, fatty streaks
What is the cause of Dressler's syndrome?
Immune mediated
What are the histological changes in myocardial infarction 0-12 hours after the event?
None
What is the complication associated with ventricular aneurysm?
Mural thrombus
What is the response to injury 3 in the process of atherosclerosis?
Injured Endothelial Cells and Macrophages Produce Free Radicals
What is the central aggregation in an intimal plaque composed of?
Foam cells, some of which have died and released lipid
What can plaques undergo, leading to complications such as myocardial infarction and stroke?
Disruption, with superimposed thrombus, rupture
What do injured endothelial cells and macrophages produce in response to injury?
Free radicals
What happens over time in the progression of atherosclerotic lesions?
Smooth muscle proliferation, deposition of collagen and other extracellular matrix, and extracellular lipid deposition
What is the outcome of myocardial infarction dependent on?
The outcome depends on the location/severity of occlusion, duration of occlusion, collateral circulation, blood pressure, and heart rate.
What are the manifestations of myocardial infarction?
The manifestations include angina pectoris, acute myocardial infarction, sudden cardiac death syndrome, chronic IHD, cardiac arrhythmias.
What is the difference between transmural and subendocardial myocardial infarction?
Transmural myocardial infarction involves full thickness of the myocardium, while subendocardial myocardial infarction is limited to the inner 1/3 of the wall.
What are the consequences and complications of myocardial infarction?
The consequences and complications include death (arrhythmia), contractile dysfunction (acute cardiac failure, chronic congestive failure), arrhythmias, and myocardial rupture (haemopericardium/tamponade).
What is the mechanism behind the release of cytoplasmic proteins into serum in myocardial infarction?
Cell death (myocyte necrosis) leads to the release of cytoplasmic proteins into serum, such as Troponin, which can be measured to confirm diagnosis.
This quiz covers the manifestations and pathophysiology of myocardial infarction, including angina pectoris, acute myocardial infarction, sudden cardiac death syndrome, chronic IHD, and cardiac arrhythmias. It also delves into the necrosis of the myocardium due to the loss of blood supply, types of myocardial infarction, and the cellular processes involved in cell death.
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