16 Questions
Which of the following is NOT one of the six independent predictors of complications in the Cardiac Risk Index discussed in the text?
History of atrial fibrillation
What is the most common form of end organ damage associated with hypertension as mentioned in the text?
Ischemic heart disease
In patients undergoing major surgery, what percentage experience serious myocardial injury according to the text?
8%
What is the defined threshold for hypertension as per the text?
>140/90 mmHg
Which cardiac medication is NOT mentioned in the text as a preoperative treatment that could impact cardiac risk?
Diuretics
Which is a preoperative predictor of myocardial infarction?
Elective surgery in the presence of acute heart failure
Which is NOT recommended as a preoperative strategy for patients with stents awaiting elective surgery?
Starting heparin bridging
What is a powerful marker of cardiovascular disease in nonsurgical patients?
Brain natriuretic peptide (BNP)
In heart failure, what helps predict risk in non-cardiac surgery when activity level cannot be assessed?
BNP
Which medication discontinuation is the most significant independent predictor of stent thrombosis?
Clopidogrel
What lifestyle modification is important in reducing risk factors for coronary artery disease?
Smoking cessation
How is the Duke Activity Status Index (DASI) used in patient assessment?
Act as a surrogate for echocardiograms to assess LV function.
In cardiac testing, what does a 'positive' result for an exercise EKG indicate?
More than 1 mm of horizontal or down-sloping ST-segment depression.
What is the primary purpose of nuclear stress testing in patients who cannot exercise?
To evaluate coronary perfusion with greater sensitivity than exercise stress testing.
What is a key limitation mentioned regarding diagnostic tests and coronary plaque stability?
No test can predict the stability of coronary plaque.
What proportion of patients experience new-onset angina pectoris or a change in angina pattern before an acute MI?
Almost two thirds
Test your knowledge on the identification, treatment, and management of myocardial infarction (MI) and angina in patients with coronary artery disease. Topics include lifestyle modifications, pharmacologic management, revascularization procedures, and the use of stents. Get ready to assess your understanding of these critical aspects of cardiac care!
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