Mycobacteria Growth and Culturing Quiz
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Questions and Answers

What is the term for when primary tuberculosis heals without causing disease?

  • Latent infection (correct)
  • Active bacteria
  • Hematogenous focus
  • Fibrosis infection
  • Which of the following is a risk factor for tuberculosis reactivation?

  • Intravenous drug use
  • Being a health-care worker
  • Having a Ghon focus in the lower lung
  • Smoking (correct)
  • In approximately what percentage of cases do those with latent infection progress to active disease (reactivation) later on?

  • 15%
  • 1%
  • 5%
  • 10% (correct)
  • What type of tuberculosis occurs with a cavity in the upper lobes?

    <p>Secondary tuberculosis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which drug type poses a risk factor for tuberculosis reactivation?

    <p>Corticosteroids</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term used for the progression from latent infection to active disease?

    <p>Reactivation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main mode of transmission of tuberculosis?

    <p>Aerosols generated by coughing of smear-positive individuals</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What percentage of people are infected by aerosols produced by coughing of smear-negative individuals?

    <p>20%</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In which type of countries does Mycobacterium bovis cause tuberculosis in humans?

    <p>Both developed and underdeveloped countries</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Who is at the highest risk of tuberculosis infection and disease?

    <p>Elderly, malnourished individuals</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the most common site of infection for Mycobacterium tuberculosis?

    <p>Lungs</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which group of individuals in the US is mostly associated with cases of reactivation tuberculosis?

    <p>Elderly, malnourished men</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the reason why cultures of clinical specimens for M.tuberculosis must be held for 6 to 8 weeks before being recorded as negative?

    <p>M.tuberculosis grows slowly</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why are dyes like malachite green included in the media used for culturing Mycobacteria?

    <p>To inhibit normal flora in sputum samples</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which specific fatty acids in the cell wall of M.tuberculosis contribute to its acid-fast property?

    <p>Long-chain fatty acids</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the correlation between Cord factor (trehalose dimycolate) and the virulence of Mycobacteria?

    <p>Virulent strains exhibit a serpentine cordlike growth pattern</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which lipid located in the bacterial cell wall of Mycobacteria is essential for pathogenesis in the lung?

    <p>Phthiocerol dimycocerosate</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why does NaOH destroy unwanted bacteria, human cells, and mucus but not Mycobacteria?

    <p>Mycobacteria have a thick cell wall with mycolic acids</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are the main symptoms of pulmonary TB?

    <p>Cough and hemoptysis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which region is most commonly involved in gastrointestinal TB?

    <p>Ileocecal</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a characteristic chest X-ray finding in reactivation TB of the lung?

    <p>Upper lobe infiltrate with or without a cavity</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which symptom is characteristic of oropharyngeal TB?

    <p>Painless ulcer</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a common manifestation of renal tuberculosis?

    <p>Flank pain and hematuria</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is Mycobacteria Miliary TB characterized by?

    <p>Multiple disseminated lesions resembling millet seeds</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main determinant of whether overt tuberculosis disease occurs?

    <p>Adequacy of the host's cell-mediated immune response</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which staining method is commonly used for rapid screening purposes to detect M.tuberculosis?

    <p>Auramine stain</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of infections are most M.tuberculosis infections initially?

    <p>Latent infections</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which enzyme isolated from fireflies is used in the luciferase assay to detect drug-resistant organisms?

    <p>Luciferase</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What percentage of 'smear-negative' samples are found to be 'culture-positive'?

    <p>50%</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why is multidrug therapy used during tuberculosis treatment?

    <p>To prevent the emergence of drug-resistant mutants</p> Signup and view all the answers

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