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• Ballroom dancing involves couples using step-patterns to move rhythmically and express music.
• Ballroom dancing has two styles: Smooth (or Standard) and Rhythm (or Latin).
• Smooth/Standard style emphasizes elegance, grace, and fluidity with dancers rotating counter-clockwise.

Smooth/Ballroom Style Dances:

• Foxtrot
• Waltz
• Tango
• Viennese Waltz
• Quickstep
• Rhythm/Latin style focuses on vibrant energy and personal flair, with syncopated patterns.
• In Rhythm/Latin the couple usually dances in one spot.

Rhythm/Latin Style Dances:

• Swing
• Rumba/Bolero
• Cha Cha
• Salsa/Mambo
• Merengue
• Disco/Hustle
• Samba
• Paso Doble

Foxtrot

• A smooth and progressive dance with long, continuous flowing movements.
• Developed in the 1910s in New York, reaching peak popularity in the 1930s.
• Harry Fox authored the modern version.
• Vernon and Irene Castle popularized the foxtrot in the USA.
• Characterized by continuous flowing movements.
• Signature time or rhythm is 4/4.
• Closely similar to Waltz dance.

Three Styles of Foxtrot

• American Social Foxtrot
• American Continuity Foxtrot
• International Foxtrot
• One of the five standard dances in international style dance competitions.
• International Foxtrot resembles "feathering an oar" in rowing.
• Feather step is a move in the International Foxtrot.

Rumba

• Discovered on the East Coast of the United States in the early 1930s.
• Cuban Rumba recognized in 1955.
• Originated and popularized in the 20th Century.
• Monsieur Pierre developed of the dance.
• "The dance of love" is the nickname.
• Basic rhythm: QUICK QUICK SLOW, SIDE TO SIDE MOVEMENT.
• Lew Quinn and Joan Sawyer introduced the rumba to the United States.
• Originated among African slaves in Cuba in the 16th century.

Three Forms

• Yambu
• Columbia
• Guaguanco
• Considered "The Grandfather of Latin Dance".

Basic Rule

• Hand and Arm position involves holding arms and hands unaffected.
• Hip action causes the hips to rotate.

Tango

• A dramatic ballroom dance paired with expressive music.
• Evolved in 1880.
• The main characteristics are Musicality and Playfulness.

Tango Steps

• Slow, Slow, Quick, Quick, Closed
• Movements can be slow and slithery.

Three Movements

• Footwork
• Rise&Fall
• Contra-Body Movement

Eight Types

• Argentine Tango
• Ballroom Tango
• Salon Tango
• Tango Nuevo
• Finnish Tango
• Uruguayan Tango
• Tango Apilado
• Show Tango
• Ballroom Tango is the most famous international version, originating from Europe.
• Show Tango is also known as Fantasia tango, combining different tango styles.
• Characterized by complex moves and mixes of jazz, electronic, and alternative elements
• Tango Nuevo is known as the sexiest, most romantic, and passionate style.

Argentina Tango

• The distinct flavors of modern tango music.
• Melodic , Argentinian Style&Rhythmic, European Style

Swing

• Balboa, Collegiate Shag, Lindy Hop, Jitterbug, East Coast swing, and Lindy Charleston are some swinging dance styles.
• Ballroom Swing and Jazz Dance are two Swing distinctions.
• A type of swing dance performed to beach music is Swing.
• Carolina Shag is a type of swing dance performed to beach music.
• "Swing" dance references the style of jazz music, which inspired the evolution of the dance.
• Buenos Aires is where the ballroom originals came from.
• The man's left and lady's right elbow may be held slightly higher than normal in the Dance Position.
• Swing Dance is a non-progressive partner dance, that can be danced to a wide variety of music, from blues rock& roll.

Derivatives of Swing Dance

• East Coast Swing
• West Coast Swing
• Western Swing
• Boogie Woogie
• Carolina Shag
• Jive
• Rock and Roll
• AcrobaticRock'n'Roll
• Washington Hand Dancing
• Push and Whip
• Lindy Hop has been the 'most famous type of swing remains until today

Viennese Waltz

• The oldest ballroom dance still practiced.

Two Styles

• International-style Viennese waltz
• American-style Viennese waltz
• Viennese waltz arrived in England after the war in 1812-1814.
• The International-style is a type of dance in an “open and close position” and have much more freedom
• American style Viennese waltz is a type of dance that in a “closed position” and has a limited syllabus.
• International style Viennese waltz time signature is 3/4.
• A true Viennese waltz consists only of turns and is known as the Rotary waltz.
• Originated from Germany and Austria.
• Joseph Lanner and Johann Strauss are the two composer.
• Black and White is what colored dress code Ballroom dancers should wear during a Viennese Waltz?

Salsa

• A popular social dance originated in New York.

Three Styles

• New York/Mambo Style
• L.A. Style
• Puerto Rican Style
• 4/4 is the time signature.

Salsa Steps

• Quick-Quick-Slow
• Performers remain in their slot during Linear Salsa.
• In 17th century, ballrooms dance was played at Habsburg court.

Characterized By

• Strong hip movements
• Rhythmical body actions
• Quick footwork
• Unique arm wraps and turns during Mambo

Waltz

• A type of dance that has rise and fall and body sway techniques.
• Was the oldest ballroom dance and it was performed in triple time.
• Comes from Italian word Volver that means to return or revolve.
• Viennese Waltz Is the quickest waltz style.
• American waltz is the most popular forms of social dancing in the U.S.A.
• International waltz is theMost common form of waltz dance competitions.
• The box step was the basic steps in waltz.
• "forbidden dance" is the other name.

Four Types of Waltz

• Viennese Waltz
• Country Western
• International
• American
• "Roll, turn, or glide" is the meaning of "waltz".
• "WALZEN" is the old German word.

Cha Cha

• A dance with a triple step using mambo music.
• This type of dance replaced the latest dance craze which is mambo.
• Pierre Lavelle is an English teacher who recognized the dance.
• Popularity of that dance increased in the year of 1950's or 1950.
• It was an exuberant that will get your heart pumping and put a smile on your face.
• Being Introduced in the United States
• The sound of dancer shoes is where the name cha cha came from.

Cha Cha Types

• International style cha cha
• American rhythm cha cha
• A playful and flirtatious dance known for its vibrant energy.

Four Elements

• Walking step Forward
• Walking step Backward
• Sidestep
• Rock step

Quickstep

• Heavily influenced by Jazz Culture.
• A popular ballroom dance originating in the Charleston and foxtrot crazes of the 1920's.

Quickstep Song Samples

• 42nd Street
• Almost Like Being In Love
• American Patrol
• Around the World
• As Long as I'm Singing
• Bobby Darin
• Charleston had a significant impact on the growth.
• Dancing figures of Quick Step is NOT performed in counter clockwise direction
• It is distinctive with its up-and-down, rise-and-fall swinging motion performed at a fast pace.

Merengue

• A Caribbean style of dance music typically in duple and triple time, chiefly associated with Dominica and Haiti.
• A style of dancing associated with merengue music, with alternating long and short stiff-legged steps.

Traditional Instruments

• Accordian
• Guitar
• Tambora
• Guira
• Marimba
• Hips Movements are crucial.
• The Dominican Republic is generally credited with inventing it.
• It is fun and sexy but relatively easy to learn.

Sample Songs

• La Cadena Se Rompio
• Suavemente
• Muchacho Malo
• Con Agua y Jambon
• Enamorame
• Cuando el Amor Se Dana
• Originated on the Island of Santo Domingo
• Merengue de orquesta or big band merengue became the merengue of choice for the urban Dominican middle and upper classes in the twentieth century.
• Merengue de guitarra, is a modern style, which relies on the presence of guitars, both acoustic and electric.
• Merengue tipico is the oldest style and is mostly traditional instruments