Muslim Populations in Palawan Quiz

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Questions and Answers

The Muslim populations in Palawan were Islamized through the influence of the ______ sultanate.

Sulu

The Badjao are known as the 'Sea ______' due to their lifestyle and living conditions.

Gypsies

The Subanun people are animist slash-and-burn agriculturists residing in forested areas of southern ______.

Mindanao

The Jama Mapun people maintain a political structure revolving around the ______.

Sultanate Signup and view all the answers

The Badjao engage in barter trade with shore communities for agricultural ______ and supplies.

produce Signup and view all the answers

The two main groups of Bagobos are Coastal Bagobo and ______ Bagobo.

Upland Signup and view all the answers

The Bagobos are known for producing long epic poems called ______.

tuwaang Signup and view all the answers

Bilaan people traditionally wrap their dead in ______, suspending them from treetops.

tree barks Signup and view all the answers

The Bukidnon people are known for farming crops such as corn, rice, and ______.

bananas Signup and view all the answers

Mandaya youth would ______ and blacken their teeth upon reaching puberty.

file Signup and view all the answers

The Muslims’ creed states: ‘There is no god but ______ and Mohammed is His Messenger.’

Allah Signup and view all the answers

The holy scripture of Muslims is the ______.

Al-Qur'an Signup and view all the answers

The largest Muslim group in the Philippines is the ______.

Maguindanao Signup and view all the answers

The name Mindanao is derived from the ______ people.

Maguindanaos Signup and view all the answers

Mindanao is known for its rugged, faulted mountains, including ______, the highest peak in the Philippines.

Mount Apo Signup and view all the answers

Agriculture plays a crucial role in Mindanao’s economy, producing crops like corn, rice, and ______.

bananas Signup and view all the answers

The predominant religion in Mindanao is ______.

Islam Signup and view all the answers

The Maranao are known as the 'People of the ______'

lake Signup and view all the answers

The Lumad community represents approximately ______% of the population in Mindanao.

10 Signup and view all the answers

The Tausug are referred to as 'people of the ______' or 'brave people.'

current Signup and view all the answers

Cotabato Manobo boys and girls would undergo a ceremony involving filing and ______ their teeth.

blackening Signup and view all the answers

The Lumad distinguish themselves from ______ and Muslims in the region.

Christians Signup and view all the answers

The Sama people, including the Badjao, are often called ______-gypsies due to their maritime lifestyle.

sea Signup and view all the answers

The Bagobos reside in the mountain region of Mindanao between the upper Pilangi and ______ rivers.

Davao Signup and view all the answers

The Yakan people primarily reside in ______, south of Mindanao.

Basilan Signup and view all the answers

The Iranun people are considered the origin of ethnic groups in ______ del Sur and Maguindanao.

Lanao Signup and view all the answers

The Kolibugan people, also known as 'half-breeds,' derive from the ______ tribes.

Subanon Signup and view all the answers

The Sangil people inhabit Balut Sarangani and parts of South ______ and Davao Del Sur provinces.

Cotabato Signup and view all the answers

The Kalagan people embraced Islam through the influence of the ______ and Tausug communities.

Maguindanao Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Mindanao Island History

Mindanao is the second largest island in the Philippines, following Luzon.
The name Mindanao comes from the Maguindanaos.
Mindanao is known for its rugged mountains, including Mount Apo, an active volcano and the island's highest peak.
The island boasts diverse flora and fauna, including the rare Philippine eagle.

Mindanao's Economy and Resources

Agriculture is a crucial part of Mindanao's economy, producing crops like corn, rice, abaca, bananas, pineapples, mangoes, coconuts, cotton, ramie, coffee, and cacao.
Mindanao is rich in natural resources, including timber, gold, nickel, iron, and coal.

Cultural and Religious Identity

Islam is a prominent religion in Mindanao.
The island is home to numerous mosques.
The arrival of Austronesian peoples around 1500 BCE significantly influenced Islam's spread.
Islamic culture greatly influences local traditions, craftsmanship (especially brassware), and items like the kris dagger.

Indigenous Cultural Communities (ICC)

The Lumad (Indigenous Cultural Communities) comprise approximately 10% of the population.
"Lumad" is a Bisaya word meaning "native".
They are distinct from Islamic and Christian communities in the region.
Historically, the Lumad have been pushed into the mountains.
Many Lumad lack money and private property and experience discrimination.
Republic Act 6734 differentiated the Lumad from the Bangsamoro people.

Cotabato Manobo

The Cotabato Manobo resides in the southwest highlands of Mindanao.
They are known as the Dulagan and Tudag.
Many Cotabato Manobo have predominantly adopted Christianity and assimilated into mainstream society, which has led to the loss of their traditional culture.
Historically, Manobo boys and girls undergo ceremonies involving filing and blackening their teeth, followed by a ritual tasting of new rice, marking their transition into adulthood.

Bagobos

The Bagobos reside in the mountainous region of Mindanao between the upper Pilangi and Davao rivers.
They are also known as the Manobo, Manuvu, Obbo, and Obo.
Bagobos are divided into coastal and upland groups.
Coastal Bagobos have largely assimilated into Christian and plantation cultures.
Upland Bagobos rely significantly on hunting, gathering, and fishing.
Bagobo culture is characterized by strict incest taboos, the formation of vengeance groups, and the production of long epic poems called tuwaang.

Bilaan or B'laan

Bilaan people inhabit south-central Mindanao.
They are also known by names like Baluad, Baraan, Bilanes, Biran, Blann, Buluan, Buluanes, Tagalagad, Takogan, Tumanao, and Vilanes.
Bilaan communities are scattered, have houses within gardens, and are ruled by datus.
A traditional Bilaan burial practice involves wrapping the deceased in tree barks and suspending them from treetops.

Bukidnon People

Bukidnon people live in the highlands of north-central Mindanao.
They are also known as Binokid, Binukid, Higaonan, and Higaunen.
Historically, Bukidnon people have been farmers, cultivating crops such as corn, rice, sweet potatoes, bananas, and coconuts.
Water buffalo were traditionally used for plowing fields.
Many Bukidnon have assimilated into Christianity.
Previously, they predominantly lived in communal houses; now, they mostly live in single-family houses.

Mandaya

The Mandaya are an animist ethnic group residing along the Mayo River.
In the past, Mandaya youth filed and blackened their teeth upon reaching puberty.

T'boli People

The T'boli people live in the southern part of the Cotabato province, especially around Lake Sebu to the west of General Santos City.
The T'boli practice slash-and-burn agriculture.

The Muslims

Muslims constitute the largest minority group in the Philippines.
They follow the Islamic faith and possess a unique culture influenced by Islam.
Islamic principles govern all aspects of Muslim life, including business, governance, education, social life, arts, and culture.
The Muslim creed involves believing there is no god but Allah and declaring Muhammad as his messenger.
The Quran is their holy scripture.
Philippine Muslims represent diverse subgroups.

Maguindanao

Maguindanao people reside in the Pulangi area.
They originated from "people of the flooded plain".
This group is the largest Muslim group in the Philippines.
Conversion to Islam occurred between the 15th and 16th centuries.

Maranao

Maranao people reside around Lake Lanao.
They are known as the "people of the lake".
Maranao culture blends Islamic principles with traditional beliefs, often referred to as "folk Islam".
Maranao families are typically large and closely knit.
Some Maranao individuals from ancestral royalty continue to be politically prominent.

Tausug

Tausug people are known as "people of the current" or "brave people".
They are spread across the Sulu Islands and have influenced other areas, including Tawi-Tawi, Palawan, Basilan, Zamboanga, and Sabah.

Sama

The Sama people, along with the Badjao subgroup, are scattered throughout the Sulu Archipelago.
They are often called sea gypsies due to maritime activities.
Their traditional way of life involves continuous travel among islands and living on water.
Sama communities rely on fishing and engage in trade with northern Borneo cities.

Yakan

Yakan people primarily live in Basilan province, south of Mindanao.
They integrate Islamic principles with traditional beliefs, referred to as "folk Islam".
Yakan communities have remained independent from other ruling authorities, except their own sultanates and datus.

Iranun

Iranun people are considered the origin of ethnic groups in Lanao del Sur and Maguindanao areas.
Historically, they fought under the Maguindanao sultanate, and many Maguindanao sultans were of Iranun descent.

Kolibugan

Kolibugan people are also known as "half-breeds" and their culture is impacted by intermarriage with Muslim communities.
They are originally from Subanon tribes but have embraced Islam through intermarriage.
The term "kolibugan" is now used to identify individuals who converted to Islam through intermarriage.

Sangil

Sangil people inhabit Balut Sarangani, parts of South Cotabato and Davao Del Sur provinces.
They originate from the Sanghe Islands in Indonesia.
Sangil people were Muslims before arriving in the Philippines.
Sangil people are known for boat-making skills and were associated with buccaneering activities against Spanish territories.

Kalagan

Kalagan people are primarily found in Davao provinces.
They embraced Islam through the influence of Maguindanao and Tausug communities.
After the departure of Maguindanao and Tausug, Kalagan faced social marginalization and limited development.

Muslim Inhabitants of Palawan

Muslim populations in Palawan, including communities in Batarasa, Quezon, Brooke's Point, Espanola, Narra, Roxas, Taytay, and Aborlan, were Islamized through influence from the Sulu Sultanate.
Tausug individuals played a pivotal role in spreading Islam among the Palawan populace.

Jama Mapun

Jama Mapun people are concentrated on Cagayan de Sulu Island.
They are primarily land-based, engaging in maritime trade focusing on copra and forest products.
Jama Mapun have maintained a political structure revolving around the Sultanate, and their music and dance are influenced by Southeast Asia.

Badjao

The Badjao, known as "Sea Gypsies", occupy coastal areas of Tawi-Tawi, Sulu, Basilan, and some Zamboanga del Sur municipalities.
Badjao are skilled fishermen, divers, and navigators, living on houseboats and relying on sea-based activities for their livelihood.
They engage in barter trades with communities on land for agricultural produce and necessities.
The rituals for the Badjao are mostly focused and centered around their connection with the sea.

Subanun

The Subanun people are animist slash-and-burn agriculturists residing in the forested areas of southern Mindanao.
Subanuns differ significantly from the Muslim and Christian communities around them.
Historically, the Subanun people faced exploitation and enslavement by coastal Muslim communities.
Subanun settlements are scattered and they focus on farming through manual labor without plows or hoes.
Their sustenance relies heavily on forest products, hunting, fishing, and gathering.
Gender roles within the Subanun society is equally divided between men and women.

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Test your knowledge on the diverse Muslim populations in Palawan and their cultural practices. This quiz covers various indigenous groups, their traditions, and the influence of sultanates in the region. Challenge yourself to fill in the blanks and learn more about their unique identities.