Music of South and West Asia

Music of South, Central, and West Asia

• This topic encompasses the diverse musical traditions of the regions.
• It includes music from countries like India and Pakistan, along with other regions.

Instrumental Music of India

• The presentation details different classifications of Indian instruments.
• A classification 'Ghan' includes non-membranous percussive instruments with solid resonators.

Classification of Instruments in India

• 'Ghan' instruments are some of the oldest in India.
• Ghan instruments can be percussive or melodic, used to keep time.

Ghatam and Karta

• Visual representations of Ghatam and Karta instruments.

Manjira and Nout

• Visual representations of Manjira and Nout instruments.

Avanaddh

• This type encompasses membranous percussive instruments, typically drums.

Daf (Duf/Daph) and Tabla

• Images of Daf (Duf/Daph) and Tabla drum instruments.

Dhol

• Image of a Dhol barrel drum.

Sushir

• This classification represents wind instruments, driven by air to excite resonators.

Shehnai and Shankh

• Visual representations of Shehnai and Shankh (conch shell) wind instruments.

Surpeti

• Image of the Surpeti box-like instrument.

Tat

• Instruments within the 'Tat' classification are plucked stringed instruments.
• The 'Tat' category was formerly known as 'vina' during ancient civilizations.

Sitar and Ektr

• Visual representations of Sitar and Ektr stringed instruments.

Gotuvadyam

• Image of the Gotuvadyam string instrument.

Gopichand and Rabab

• Visual representations of Gopichand and Rabab stringed instruments.

Vitat

• This category includes bowed string instruments.
• They were a historically significant classification of instruments that did not attain inclusion into classical Indian music until more recent centuries.

Banam and Esraj

• Visual representations of Banam and Esraj bowed string instruments.

Sarangi and Chikara

• Visual representations of Sarangi and Chikara bowed string instruments.

Tala

• Tala is a significant element in Indian music.
• Tala is a common rhythmic system in India, often described as a repeating rhythmic phrase, rendered on percussion instruments, with varying intonations.
• Tala includes the concept of 'theka'

Tala (Continuation)

• Theka represents a sequence of rhythm syllables or 'bols' in classical Hindustani and Carnatic music.
• Tabla and Mridangam are two common instruments used in Tala and rhythm keeping.

Activity: Which Is Which?

• This activity table identifies which musical categories (Carnatic or Hindustani) are associated with different musical elements like "Khyal", "Temple music", and so on.

Activity: Name It!

• This activity showcases images of musical instruments and requires identification.

Music of Pakistan

• Pakistan's music is known for its unique vocal styles.
• Multiple influences contribute to Pakistan's distinctive sound, including those from South Asia, Central Asia, Persia, Turkey, and the Arab world.

Ghazal

• A traditional form of poetry and singing, often focusing on themes of love, loss, and separation.
• Structure requirements of Ghazal are more strict than other similar musical forms.

Qawwali

• Devotional music associated with the Chishti Order.
• Qawwali has a long tradition stretching back over 700 years, originally performed at Sufi shrines.

Instrumental Music of Pakistan

• Punjabi music highlights the importance of instruments in Pakistan
• Bhangra, a notable Punjabi musical form, is rooted in the rhythmic Dhol drum.

Significant Instruments of Pakistan

• Tabla, Dholak, Harmonium, and Rubab are significant Pakistani instruments.

Music of Israel (West Asia)

• West Asian music is generally modal, not emphasizing harmony.
• It showcases melodic complexity and rhythmic development.
• Includes ornamentation, like 1/4 tones.

Music of West Asia

• This style of music frequently accompanies worship services.
• Used for communal worship in mosques, synagogues and churches.
• Also features significantly in life passage events and entertainment.

Israeli Music

• Israeli singers have a distinctive vocal style characterized by guttural and throaty enunciation.

Two Divisions of Jewish Music

• This musical genre has a section devoted to worship-related music.
• Jewish music embraces both religious and secular domains.

Instrumental Music of Israel

• The types of instruments in Israeli music include lutes similar to the Filipino banduria.
• Oud and sitar are also found in their melodic form.
• Goblet drums, tambourines and other Middle Eastern associated instruments are accompaniment instruments.
• Hora dances have strong off beats and asymmetric meters.

Significant Instruments of Israel

• Jewish Lyre and Psalterion are representative instruments.

Shofar

• The shofar is a musical instrument, often used in religious ceremonies.

Other Significant Instruments of Arab Countries

• Goblet and Toft are other significant and important musical instruments.

Other Significant Middle Eastern Instruments

• Oud and Darbuk are two important Middle Eastern instruments.

Activity: Word Search

• This activity features a word search puzzle for recognizing musical terminology.