Musculoskeletal System Overview

Musculoskeletal System Overview

The musculoskeletal system is a complex system that provides support, stability, and movement to the body.

Functions

• Support: Provides framework for the body, allowing it to maintain its shape and protect internal organs
• Stability: Enables the body to maintain its posture and balance
• Movement: Facilitates movement of the body through the contraction and relaxation of muscles

Components

• Skeletal System: 206 bones that provide structural support and protection
• Muscular System: Over 600 muscles that facilitate movement and maintain posture
• Tendons: Connect muscles to bones, enabling movement
• Ligaments: Connect bones to bones, providing stability to joints
• Joints: Allow for movement and flexibility between bones

Types of Muscles

• Skeletal Muscles: Voluntary muscles that control movement and posture
• Smooth Muscles: Involuntary muscles that control involuntary movements (e.g. digestion)
• Cardiac Muscles: Involuntary muscles that control heart contractions

Muscle Actions

• Flexion: Movement that decreases the angle between two bones
• Extension: Movement that increases the angle between two bones
• Abduction: Movement away from the midline of the body
• Adduction: Movement towards the midline of the body
• Rotation: Movement around a central axis

Common Musculoskeletal Disorders

• Osteoarthritis: Wear and tear on joints, leading to pain and stiffness
• Rheumatoid Arthritis: Autoimmune disorder that causes inflammation and pain in joints
• Muscle Strains: Tears or pulls in muscles, leading to pain and weakness
• Tendinitis: Inflammation of tendons, leading to pain and stiffness

Musculoskeletal System Overview

• Provides support, stability, and movement to the body through its framework and muscles

Functions

• Provides framework for the body, allowing it to maintain its shape and protect internal organs
• Enables the body to maintain its posture and balance
• Facilitates movement of the body through muscle contraction and relaxation

Components

• Skeletal System: 206 bones providing structural support and protection
• Muscular System: Over 600 muscles facilitating movement and maintaining posture
• Tendons: Connect muscles to bones, enabling movement
• Ligaments: Connect bones to bones, providing stability to joints
• Joints: Allow for movement and flexibility between bones

Types of Muscles

• Skeletal Muscles: Voluntary muscles controlling movement and posture
• Smooth Muscles: Involuntary muscles controlling involuntary movements (e.g. digestion)
• Cardiac Muscles: Involuntary muscles controlling heart contractions

Muscle Actions

• Flexion: Decreases the angle between two bones
• Extension: Increases the angle between two bones
• Abduction: Movement away from the midline of the body
• Adduction: Movement towards the midline of the body
• Rotation: Movement around a central axis

Common Musculoskeletal Disorders

• Osteoarthritis: Wear and tear on joints, causing pain and stiffness
• Rheumatoid Arthritis: Autoimmune disorder causing inflammation and pain in joints
• Muscle Strains: Tears or pulls in muscles, leading to pain and weakness
• Tendinitis: Inflammation of tendons, leading to pain and stiffness