Musculoskeletal Injuries Overview
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Questions and Answers

What are the three classifications of sprains?

  • Mild, Moderate, Severe (correct)
  • Simple, Compound, Complex
  • Light, Average, Heavy
  • Minor, Major, Critical

    • What type of injury occurs when muscles and tendons are stretched beyond their physiological limits?

  • Strain (correct)
  • Sprain
  • Tear
  • Dislocation

    • Which of these joint structures can sustain damage as a result of a sprain?

  • Cartilage
  • Tendons
  • Ligaments
  • All of the above (correct)

    • In the classification of sprains, which grade represents a complete tear with functional impairment?

    <p>3rd grade</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the common cause of musculo-tendon injuries?

    <p>Strain beyond physiological limits</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which joints are sprains most commonly associated with?

    <p>Ankles and knees</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does a 2nd grade sprain represent?

    <p>Incomplete tear with moderate functional impairment</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following structures can become inflamed after a joint injury?

    <p>Both A and C</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What best describes a fracture?

    <p>A partial or complete break in the continuity of a bone</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of fracture is commonly seen in children?

    <p>Greenstick fracture</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a characteristic of osteoporotic fractures?

    <p>They can be pathologic fractures</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of fracture classification involves the bone breaking through the skin?

    <p>Open fracture</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following statements about fractures is false?

    <p>Fractures are less common in elderly populations.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which term describes a fracture where bone fragments are out of alignment?

    <p>Displaced fracture</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What distinguishes a traumatic fracture from a pathologic fracture?

    <p>Traumatic fractures are due to an external force, while pathologic fractures are due to underlying disease.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following types of fracture may result in bones being angled or rotated?

    <p>Displaced fracture</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of fracture is characterized by a complete break of the bone?

    <p>Complete fracture</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What classification describes a fracture where the bone breaks into multiple fragments?

    <p>Comminuted fracture</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a type of displacement seen in fractures?

    <p>Fractured</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What defines an open fracture?

    <p>The fractured bone breaks through the skin.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In terms of fracture patterns, which one describes a fracture that occurs at an angle across the bone?

    <p>Oblique fracture</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of fracture involves a partial break that does not extend completely through the bone?

    <p>Incomplete fracture</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a characteristic of traumatic fractures?

    <p>They result from a significant force applied to the bone.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following describes a joint injury where the bones are forced out of their normal position?

    <p>Dislocation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a risk factor for fractures?

    <p>Drug use</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which sign is indicative of an open fracture?

    <p>Bones protruding from the skin</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the immediate management step for fractures?

    <p>Stop activity and immobilization</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following factors does NOT contribute to the prevention of osteoporosis?

    <p>Hydration</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What symptom is typically associated with concussions?

    <p>Nausea or vomiting</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a sign or symptom of concussion?

    <p>Decreased appetite</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the recommended action upon suspicion of a concussion?

    <p>Stop activity and follow HIA protocols</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a recommended prevention method for concussions?

    <p>Improving techniques and equipment</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the most common combination of injuries to the knee structures?

    <p>ACL + Medial Meniscus + Medial Ligament</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which glenohumeral joint dislocation is the rarest?

    <p>Inferior dislocation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a risk factor for shoulder injuries?

    <p>Genetics</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following signs and symptoms is NOT associated with shoulder injuries?

    <p>Difficulty breathing</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is included in the immediate management of shoulder injuries?

    <p>PRICE protocol</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of injury to the PCL is most common?

    <p>PCL injuries are very rare overall</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following prevention strategies is effective for shoulder injuries?

    <p>Strengthening and proprioception exercises</p> Signup and view all the answers

    During rehabilitation for shoulder injuries, which approach is considered effective?

    <p>Kinesio-taping along with strengthening</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Ligaments and Joint Structures Injuries

    • Sprains can affect every ligament, but they are very common in ankles, knees, and neck.
    • Sprains are classified by severity:
      • Mild (1st grade): Partial tear
      • Moderate (2nd grade): Incomplete tear with moderate functional impairment
      • Severe (3rd grade): Complete tear with functional impairment
    • Discs and menisci can be damaged by sprains or excessive axial load.
    • Cartilage, capsules, and bursae can be damaged or inflamed by joint injuries or overload.

    Muscle Injuries

    • Muscles and tendons can be damaged by stretching beyond their physiological limits, a condition known as strain.
    • Strains, like sprains, are classified using three grades of severity.
    • Strains are common sports injuries.

    Bone Injuries: Fractures

    • A fracture is a partial or complete break in the continuity of a bone.
    • Fractures can occur in any bone.
    • Fractures can occur at any age, from childhood (greenstick fractures) to older age (due to osteoporosis).
    • Fractures can be classified as:
      • Traumatic or pathologic fractures (osteoporosis).
      • Open or closed fractures.
      • Displaced or non-displaced fractures:
        • Displaced fractures are shortened, angulated, rotated, or translated.
      • Complete, incomplete, and comminuted fractures:
        • Comminuted fractures have multiple bone fragments.
        • Incomplete fractures are partial breaks.
        • Complete fractures are full breaks.
      • Fracture patterns:
        • Transverse
        • Linear
        • Oblique
        • Spiral
        • Compression (vertebrae)
        • Avulsion

    Joint Injuries: Dislocations and Subluxations

    • A joint is a connection between two or more bones.
    • Injuries frequently affect multiple joint structures at the same time.
    • The most common combinations of injuries:
      • ACL + Medial Meniscus + Medial Ligament.
      • ACL + Lateral Meniscus + Lateral Ligament.
    • Injuries to the PCL (isolated or combined) are rare.

    Shoulder Injuries

    • Risk factors for shoulder injuries include:
      • History of previous injuries
      • Repetitive overhead movements
      • Genetics
    • Causes of shoulder injury include:
      • Trauma (falls or direct hits)
      • Extreme movements
    • Injuries can affect the entire joint complex.
    • Focus here is on glenohumeral joint dislocations, which can be:
      • Anterior (most common)
      • Posterior (rare) - Inferior (very rare)
    • Symptoms include:
      • Localized pain
      • Muscle spasms
      • Popping or rolling out feelings
      • Numbness/weakness
      • Bruising/swelling
      • Limited functionality

    Fractures

    • Risk factors for fractures:
      • History of previous fractures
      • Genetics (sex)
      • Age
      • Drinking and smoking
    • Causes of fractures:
      • Trauma (falls or direct hits)
    • Signs and symptoms of fractures:
      • Localized pain
      • Swelling
      • Deformity
      • Limited functionality
      • Visible bone protruding from the skin (open fracture)

    Concussions

    • Risk factors for concussions:
      • High-contact sports
      • Vehicle sports
    • Causes of concussions:
      • Trauma
      • Acceleration/deceleration (neck and head)
    • Symptoms of concussions:
      • Headache
      • Nausea/vomiting
      • Dizziness/balance problems
      • Double/blurry vision
      • Light/noise intolerance
      • Cognitive issues (concentration, memory)
    • Prevention includes:
      • Changes in the laws of the game
      • Helmets
      • Technique improvement

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    Related Documents

    Musculoskeletal Injuries Lecture Notes PDF

    Description

    This quiz covers various aspects of musculoskeletal injuries, including sprains, strains, and fractures. You'll learn about classifications and severities of these common injuries, along with their effects on ligaments, muscles, and bones. Test your knowledge on these essential injury concepts relevant to sports and health.

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