Questions and Answers
What does extensibility mean?
Extensibility means that muscles can be stretched to their normal resting length and beyond to a limited degree.
What is contractility?
Contractility refers to the capacity of muscle to contract or shorten forcefully.
What does elasticity refer to in muscles?
Elasticity means that if muscles are stretched, they recoil to their original resting length.
Define excitability in the context of muscles.
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What is striated muscle tissue?
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What is a tendon?
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What is a fascicle?
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What is a myofibril?
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Define cytokine.
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What are satellite cells?
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What is a muscle stem cell?
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What are the functions of the muscular system?
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How are muscles structured?
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How do muscles repair after a workout?
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What are the four characteristics common to all muscles?
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Study Notes
Muscular System Key Concepts
- Extensibility: Muscles can be stretched to their normal resting length and slightly beyond.
- Contractility: Muscles have the ability to shorten forcefully, enabling movement.
- Elasticity: Muscles return to their original resting length after being stretched.
- Excitability: Muscles respond to nerve and hormone stimulation, allowing regulation of muscle activity by the nervous and endocrine systems.
Muscle Tissue Types
- Striated Muscle Tissue: Characterized by repeating units called sarcomeres, distinguishing it from non-striated smooth muscle.
Muscle Structure and Components
- Tendon: A strong fibrous cord that connects muscles to bones, allowing for movement transmission.
- Fascicle: Bundles of muscle fibers within a skeletal muscle, contributing to its overall structure.
- Myofibril: Elongated contractile threads within striated muscle cells responsible for muscle contraction.
Cellular Components and Functions
- Cytokines: Immune system substances affecting other cells, including interferon and interleukins.
- Satellite Cells: Muscle precursor cells that can regenerate muscle fibers and add nuclei to existing muscle fibers.
- Muscle Stem Cell: Found in skeletal muscle, these cells allow for complete regeneration of muscle tissue.
Muscular System Functions and Repair
- Main Function: Movement is the primary role of the muscular system, as muscles contract to move body parts.
- Muscle Structure: Skeletal muscles are made up of cylindrical muscle fibers bundled together and enclosed in connective tissue.
- Muscle Repair Process: Following exercise, damaged muscle fibers are repaired through fusion to create new protein strands, a process leading to muscle hypertrophy (growth).
Characteristics of Muscle Tissue
- Four key functional characteristics of all muscle types include:
- Contractility
- Excitability
- Extensibility
- Elasticity
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Description
This quiz covers key terms related to the muscular system. Learn about important concepts such as extensibility, contractility, and elasticity. Perfect for students studying anatomy and physiology.