Muscle Tissue Characteristics Flashcards

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Questions and Answers

Which of the following are types of muscle tissue?

Skeletal (correct)

Smooth (correct)

Cardiac (correct)

Nervous

What type of muscle is attached to the skeleton?

Skeletal muscle

What are the characteristics of cardiac muscle?

Involuntary, striated, branched, single nucleus.

Where is smooth muscle found?

Walls of organs and blood vessels Signup and view all the answers

Match the characteristics of muscle tissue:

Excitability = Ability to respond to a stimulus Contractility = Ability to shorten and produce force Extensibility = Ability to stretch without damage Elasticity = Ability to return to original shape after stretching Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of endomysium?

Surrounds each skeletal fiber and ties adjacent fibers together Signup and view all the answers

What is a fascicle in muscle tissue?

A bundle of fibers held together by endomysium Signup and view all the answers

What does perimysium do?

Surrounds fascicles with connective tissue Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of epimysium?

Surrounds the entire muscle with a layer of collagen fibers Signup and view all the answers

What type of tissue is a tendon?

Dense regular connective tissue Signup and view all the answers

What is the sarcolemma?

The membrane of a muscle fiber Signup and view all the answers

What are T tubules?

Network of narrow tubules filled with extracellular fluid Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of T tubules?

Conducts electrical pulses that trigger muscle contraction Signup and view all the answers

What are myofibrils?

Cylindrical structures of protein in muscle fibers Signup and view all the answers

What are myofilaments made of?

Thin filaments (actin) and thick filaments (myosin) Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of the sarcoplasmic reticulum?

Forms a tubular network around each myofibril Signup and view all the answers

What do terminal cisternae contain?

High concentration of Ca+ ions Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Types of Muscle Tissue

Three main types: skeletal, cardiac, smooth.

Skeletal Muscle

Voluntary control, attached to skeleton.
Cells are cylindrical, multinucleate, and arranged in parallel.
Striated appearance due to organized protein filaments.
Does not replicate; lacks centrioles.

Cardiac Muscle

Found exclusively in the heart.
Cells are short, branched, with a single nucleus.
Interconnect at intercalated disks featuring ion channels.
Striated and involuntary; cells are physically and functionally synchronized.

Smooth Muscle

Located in the walls of organs and blood vessels.
Lacks striations, classified as non-striated and involuntary.
Extensible properties, allowing for dynamic shape alterations like in the bladder.
Capable of replication.

Characteristics of Muscle Tissue

Four key properties: excitability, contractility, extensibility, elasticity.

Endomysium

Connective tissue that surrounds individual skeletal muscle fibers, binding adjacent fibers together.

Fascicle

A bundle of muscle fibers held together by endomysium.

Perimysium

Connective tissue that surrounds each fascicle.

Epimysium

Dense layer of collagen fibers encasing the entire muscle.

Tendon and Aponeurosis

Tendons are dense regular connective tissue formed from bundled collagen fibers of all muscle layers; aponeurosis is a flat sheet form.

Sarcolemma

Membrane surrounding muscle fibers, serving as a barrier for ion movement.

T Tubules

Narrow tubules filled with extracellular fluid; form a network that extends into muscle fibers.

Function of T Tubules

Conduct electrical pulses from the sarcolemma, triggering muscle contractions by altering internal chemical environment.

Myofibrils

Cylindrical structures composed of protein strands, spanning the length of muscle fibers.
Each fiber contains hundreds to thousands of myofibrils, made up of bundles of thick and thin myofilaments.

Myofilaments

Composed of thin filaments (actin) and thick filaments (myosin), integral to muscle contraction and structure.

Sarcoplasmic Reticulum

Specialized endoplasmic reticulum that forms a tubular network around each myofibril, storing calcium ions.

Terminal Cisternae

Located on either side of T tubules, forming triads with myofibrils.
High concentration of calcium ions stored here; release initiates muscle contraction.

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Description

Explore the fundamental characteristics of various muscle tissues through these flashcards. Learn about skeletal, cardiac, and smooth muscle, including their structure and function. Perfect for students studying anatomy or physiology.