Muscle Tissue and Nervous System Quiz
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Questions and Answers

Which of the following does NOT refer to the thin filament?

  • Myosin (correct)
  • Actin
  • Tropomyosin
  • Troponin

What is true of chewing muscles?

  • They are smooth muscles
  • They attach to the maxilla
  • They must attach to the mandible (correct)
  • They only move the tongue

What is true of the diencephalon?

  • Contains the thalamus and hypothalamus (correct)
  • Contains the cerebellum
  • Regulates reflexes and coordination
  • Contains the medulla and pons

What is true of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF)?

<p>Circulates within the subarachnoid space (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which type of muscle requires stimulation by a somatic motor neuron?

<p>Skeletal muscle (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is true of the occipital lobe?

<p>Processes visual information in the primary visual cortex (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is true of the temporal lobe?

<p>Contains the primary auditory cortex (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the fatty insulating material surrounding axons?

<p>Myelin (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does the medulla oblongata become as it descends?

<p>Spinal cord (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What best describes the arachnoid mater?

<p>A meninge resembling a spider web (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the first phase of the action potential caused by the inward movement of sodium?

<p>Depolarization (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which muscles are primarily responsible for aiding breathing between the ribs?

<p>Intercostal muscles (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following muscles is located in the lower extremities?

<p>Peroneus longus (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a primary function of the hypothalamus?

<p>Controls the pituitary gland and regulates body temperature (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What type of protein is actin classified as?

<p>A contractile protein in the thin filament (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What do the occipital and temporal lobes have in common?

<p>Both are cerebral lobes (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What contractile protein does calcium ion bind to during muscle contraction?

<p>Troponin (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which substance is located within the subarachnoid space?

<p>Cerebrospinal fluid (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which muscle is NOT primarily active during normal inhalation?

<p>Rectus abdominis (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which function is NOT performed by the hypothalamus?

<p>Integration of sensory information (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary role of the intercostal muscles?

<p>Aiding in breathing by expanding the rib cage (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which protein primarily interacts with calcium ions during muscle contraction?

<p>Troponin (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following best describes the function of the hypothalamus?

<p>Controlling the pituitary gland and maintaining homeostasis (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What common feature is shared by the occipital and temporal lobes?

<p>Both are regions of the cerebral cortex (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is functionally significant about the cerebrospinal fluid?

<p>It acts as a cushion and removes waste products (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which protein in muscle fibers is identified as a component of the thin filament?

<p>Actin (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What type of ion movement is responsible for the depolarization phase of an action potential?

<p>Sodium ions moving into the cell (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which muscle is specifically located in the lower leg region?

<p>Peroneus longus (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which option correctly identifies the resting potential condition of a neuron?

<p>Stable membrane potential with more sodium outside (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What distinguishes skeletal from smooth muscle?

<p>Skeletal muscle is voluntary while smooth muscle is involuntary (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which structure is NOT a part of the central nervous system?

<p>Peripheral nerves (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of myelin in the nervous system?

<p>To insulate axons and speed up nerve impulses (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which function is primarily attributed to the hypothalamus?

<p>Controlling body temperature (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does the occipital lobe primarily process?

<p>Visual information (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following muscles are under voluntary control?

<p>Skeletal muscles (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which part of the brain contains the thalamus?

<p>Diencephalon (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What type of muscle primarily aids in breathing?

<p>Skeletal muscle (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main function of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF)?

<p>Protecting the brain and spinal cord (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which part of the brain regulates reflexes and coordination?

<p>Cerebellum (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which statement about the arachnoid mater is true?

<p>It appears web-like and is one of the three meninges. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

What is Actin?

A protein filament involved in muscle contraction, composing the thin filaments.

What is Tropomyosin?

The fibrous protein that wraps around the actin filament, helping to regulate muscle contraction.

What is Troponin?

A complex of proteins that binds to actin and helps regulate muscle contraction by interacting with calcium.

What is the cerebellum?

The main part of the brain that controls movement, coordination, and balance.

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What is Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF)?

A fluid that circulates within the brain and spinal cord, providing cushioning and nutrient transport.

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What is the Dura mater?

The outermost layer of the meninges, a tough membrane protecting the brain and spinal cord.

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What is the Arachnoid mater?

The middle layer of the meninges, resembling a spider web, providing support and cushioning.

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What is the Pia mater?

The innermost layer of the meninges, directly adjacent to the brain and spinal cord, providing nutrients and protection.

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What is Myelination?

The process of coating axons with a fatty substance called myelin, increasing the speed of nerve impulse transmission.

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What is the Occipital lobe?

A region of the brain responsible for processing visual information, located at the back of the head.

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Depolarization

The first phase of the action potential, characterized by a rapid increase in membrane potential, caused by the inward movement of sodium ions.

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Intercostal muscles

The muscles located between the ribs that contract and relax to help expand and contract the chest cavity, aiding in breathing.

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Peroneus longus

A muscle located in the lower leg, specifically on the outer part of the shin. It plays a role in ankle extension and foot eversion (turning the sole of the foot outward).

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Hypothalamus

A small but important region of the brain located at the base of the forebrain. It's responsible for regulating body temperature, controlling the pituitary gland, and secreting hormones.

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Actin

One of the two main proteins involved in muscle contraction. It forms the thin filaments within a muscle fiber and interacts with myosin to generate movement.

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Occipital and Temporal Lobes

The two large lobes at the back and lower sides of the brain responsible for visual processing (occipital) and auditory processing (temporal).

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Troponin

A protein within the muscle fiber that binds calcium, initiating a cascade of events leading to muscle contraction.

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Subarachnoid space

A space within the meninges that surrounds the brain and spinal cord, filled with cerebrospinal fluid (CSF).

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Hyperpolarization

The process where the membrane potential of a cell becomes more negative, moving farther away from the threshold for an action potential.

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Repolarization

The process of restoring the membrane potential of a cell back to its resting state after an action potential.

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Study Notes

Muscle Tissue and Nervous System

  • Thin Filament Components: Actin, Tropomyosin, and Troponin are components of the thin filament in muscle tissue. Myosin is NOT part of the thin filament.
  • Chewing Muscles: Chewing muscles attach to the mandible (jawbone).
  • Diencephalon Contents: The diencephalon includes the thalamus and hypothalamus.
  • Cerebrospinal Fluid (CSF): CSF circulates within the subarachnoid space and is a protective fluid.
  • Skeletal Muscle Stimulation: Skeletal muscle requires stimulation by a somatic motor neuron to contract.
  • Occipital Lobe Function: The occipital lobe processes visual information in the primary visual cortex.
  • Temporal Lobe Function: The temporal lobe contains the primary auditory cortex and processes auditory information.
  • Myelin's Role: Myelin is the fatty insulating material that surrounds axons, increasing the speed of nerve impulse transmission.
  • Medulla Oblongata Transition: The medulla oblongata transitions into the spinal cord as it descends.
  • Arachnoid Mater Description: The arachnoid mater is a meninge resembling a spider web.
  • Myelination Effect: Myelination increases the speed of action potential along the axon.
  • Action Potential First Phase: The first phase of the action potential caused by inward sodium movement is depolarization.
  • Intercostal Muscles: Intercostal muscles are located between the ribs and aid in breathing.
  • Lower Extremity Muscle: The peroneus longus is a muscle located in the lower extremities.
  • Hypothalamus Function: The hypothalamus controls the pituitary gland, regulates body temperature, and secretes releasing hormones.
  • Actin's Structure: Actin is a contractile protein found in the thin filament.
  • Occipital and Temporal Lobe Similarity: Both the occipital and temporal lobes are cerebral lobes.
  • Calcium's Target Protein: Calcium binds to the contractile protein troponin.
  • Subarachnoid Space Contents: Cerebrospinal fluid is located within the subarachnoid space.

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Description

Test your knowledge on the components of muscle tissue and the structures of the nervous system. This quiz covers topics such as myelin, the function of different brain lobes, and the role of cerebrospinal fluid. Challenge yourself and enhance your understanding of human anatomy.

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