Muscle Movements and Actions Quiz
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Questions and Answers

What is the movement of a body part away from the midline called?

  • Abduction (correct)
  • Extension
  • Flexion
  • Adduction

What is the movement of a body part toward the midline called?

  • Abduction
  • Adduction (correct)
  • Eversion
  • Circumduction

What is an antagonist?

Something opposing or resisting the action of another.

What is an assistant mover?

<p>Muscle that plays a secondary role to the prime mover involved.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is biomechanics?

<p>The study of mechanical aspects of physical movement.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is circumduction?

<p>Movement of a part in a circular direction.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is co-contraction?

<p>When both the agonist and antagonist undergo contraction.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is concentric contraction?

<p>A type of muscle activation that increases tension on a muscle as it shortens.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is dorsiflexion?

<p>Turning upward of the foot or toes.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is eccentric contraction?

<p>A type of muscle activation that increases tension on a muscle as it lengthens.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is eversion?

<p>Turning outward, as of the sole of the foot.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is extension?

<p>An increase in the angle between two body segments.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is flexion?

<p>A decrease in the angle between two body segments.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the frontal (coronal) plane?

<p>Separates the body into anterior and posterior parts.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is helping synergy?

<p>When two muscles contract together to create one movement.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is hyperextension?

<p>Extension of a limb or part beyond the normal limit.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is inversion?

<p>Turning inward, as of the sole of the foot.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is isometric contraction?

<p>A muscle activation in which there is no movement at the joint.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is kinesiology?

<p>The science or study of movement.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the midline?

<p>An imaginary longitudinal line that travels down the center of the body.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a neutralizer?

<p>A muscle that contracts to counteract an undesirable action of another muscle.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is plantarflexion?

<p>Extension of the ankle, pointing of the foot and toes.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a prime mover (agonist)?

<p>A muscle in a state of contraction with reference to its opposing muscle.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is pronation?

<p>Assuming a facedown position; turning the palm backward.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is rotation?

<p>Circular movement of a body segment about a long axis.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the sagittal (anteroposterior) plane?

<p>Separates the body into right and left sections.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is stabilization?

<p>The act of being stable or balanced.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a stabilizer?

<p>A muscle that steadies or holds a body part in place.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is supination?

<p>Assuming a horizontal position facing upward; turning the palm to face forward.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the transverse (horizontal) plane?

<p>Separates the body into superior and inferior sections.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is true synergy?

<p>When a muscle contracts to stop the secondary action of another muscle.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Muscle Movements

  • Abduction: Movement away from the midline of the body.
  • Adduction: Movement toward the midline of the body.
  • Flexion: Decreases the angle between two body segments.
  • Extension: Increases the angle between two body segments; return from flexion.
  • Hyperextension: Extension of a limb beyond normal limits.
  • Dorsiflexion: Turning the foot or toes upward.
  • Plantarflexion: Extending the ankle by pointing the foot and toes.
  • Inversion: Turning the sole of the foot inward.
  • Eversion: Turning the sole of the foot outward.
  • Pronation: Facing downward position; palm backward or downward; foot arch flattens.
  • Supination: Facing upward position; palm forward; opposite of pronation.
  • Circumduction: Circular movement of an extremity.

Muscle Actions

  • Concentric Contraction: Muscle shortens while increasing tension.
  • Eccentric Contraction: Muscle lengthens while increasing tension.
  • Isometric Contraction: Muscle contracts without joint movement or change in length.
  • Co-Contraction: Agonist and antagonist muscles contract simultaneously.
  • Helping Synergy: Two muscles work together for a single movement.
  • True Synergy: Muscle contracts to prevent undesired actions of another muscle.

Anatomical Concepts

  • Midline: Imaginary line down the center of the body.
  • Frontal (Coronal) Plane: Divides the body into anterior and posterior parts.
  • Sagittal (Anteroposterior) Plane: Divides the body into right and left sections.
  • Transverse (Horizontal) Plane: Divides the body into superior and inferior sections.

Muscle Roles

  • Prime Mover (Agonist): Muscle primarily responsible for movement.
  • Antagonist: Muscle opposing the action of another.
  • Assistant Mover: Muscle aiding the prime mover.
  • Stabilizer: Muscle that stabilizes a body part.
  • Neutralizer: Muscle that counteracts unwanted motion of another muscle.

Scientific Disciplines

  • Biomechanics: Study of mechanical aspects of movement for technique enhancement.
  • Kinesiology: Study of movement, including active and passive structures involved.
  • Stabilization: The process of maintaining balance and stability during movement.

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Description

Test your knowledge of muscle movements and actions with this quiz. From abduction to circumduction, explore how different types of muscle contractions work. Perfect for anatomy students and fitness enthusiasts alike!

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