Questions and Answers
What is the origin of the Temporalis muscle?
Fan shape across the temporal fossa of the temporal bone.
What is the insertion of the Temporalis muscle?
Into the coronoid process of the mandible and down the anterior border of the ramus.
What is the function of the Temporalis muscle?
Elevates the mandible, closing the jaw. Contraction of the posterior fibers retracts the mandible.
What muscle is described by the term 'Temporalis Muscle'?
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What is the origin of the Internal (Medial) Pterygoid muscle?
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What is the insertion of the Internal (Medial) Pterygoid muscle?
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What is the function of the Internal (Medial) Pterygoid muscle?
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What muscle is described by the term 'Internal (Medial) Pterygoid Muscle'?
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What is the origin of the Masseter muscle?
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What is the insertion of the Masseter muscle?
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What is the function of the Masseter muscle?
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What muscle is described by the term 'Masseter Muscle'?
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What is the origin of the External (Lateral) Pterygoid muscle?
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What is the insertion of the External (Lateral) Pterygoid muscle?
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What is the function of the External (Lateral) Pterygoid muscle?
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What muscle is described by the term 'External (Lateral) Pterygoid Muscle'?
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What is the origin of the Zygomatic Major muscle?
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What is the insertion of the Zygomatic Major muscle?
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What is the function of the Zygomatic Major muscle?
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What muscle is described by the term 'Zygomatic Major Muscle'?
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What is the origin of the Orbicularis Oris muscle?
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What is the insertion of the Orbicularis Oris muscle?
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What is the function of the Orbicularis Oris muscle?
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What muscle is described by the term 'Orbicularis Oris Muscle'?
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What is the origin of the Mentalis muscle?
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What is the insertion of the Mentalis muscle?
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What is the function of the Mentalis muscle?
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What muscle is described by the term 'Mentalis Muscle'?
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What is the origin of the Buccinator muscle?
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What is the insertion of the Buccinator muscle?
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What is the function of the Buccinator muscle?
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What muscle is described by the term 'Buccinator Muscle'?
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What is the origin of the Genioglossus muscle?
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What is the insertion of the Genioglossus muscle?
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What is the function of the Genioglossus muscle?
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What muscle is described by the term 'Genioglossus Muscle'?
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Study Notes
Temporalis Muscle
- Originates in the temporal fossa of the temporal bone.
- Inserts into the coronoid process of the mandible and anterior border of the ramus.
- Responsible for elevating the mandible to close the jaw; posterior fibers also retract the mandible.
Internal (Medial) Pterygoid Muscle
- Originates from the medial surface of the lateral pterygoid plate of the sphenoid bone, lateral palatine bone, and maxillary tuberosity.
- Inserts into the inner surface of the mandible's angle, opposing the masseter.
- Functions to elevate the mandible.
Masseter Muscle
- Comprises two portions: Superficial portion from the zygomatic process and anterior two-thirds of the zygomatic arch; Deep portion from the medial aspect of the posterior third of the zygomatic arch.
- Inserts into the mandible's angle, lower border, AND the upper ramus and lateral coronoid process.
- Functions as a strong elevator of the jaw, visibly contracted when teeth are clenched.
External (Lateral) Pterygoid Muscle
- Divided into two origins: Superior from the greater wing of the sphenoid bone; Inferior from the lateral pterygoid plate.
- Inserts into the articular capsule of the temporomandibular joint and the neck of the condyle of the mandible.
- Opens the jaw by depressing the mandible; allows for jaw protrusion and lateral movement depending on contraction.
Zygomatic Major Muscle
- Originates from the zygomatic bone.
- Inserts at the corners of the mouth.
- Functions to elevate the corners of the mouth, aiding in smiling.
Orbicularis Oris Muscle
- Unique as it has no skeletal attachment, composed of muscle fibers encircling the mouth from the maxilla and mandible.
- Inserts into its own muscle fibers and surrounding skin around the lips.
- Functions to close and protrude the lips, creating a puckering effect.
Mentalis Muscle
- Originates from the incisive fossa of the mandible.
- Inserts into the skin of the chin.
- Functions to wrinkle the chin's skin and protrude the lower lip.
Buccinator Muscle
- Originates from the alveolar processes of the maxilla and mandible, and the pterygomandibular raphe.
- Inserts into the corners of the mouth, becoming part of the mouth's surrounding muscles.
- Facilitates the compression of cheeks against teeth during mastication and assists in expelling air from the mouth.
Genioglossus Muscle
- Originates at the genial tubercle of the mandible.
- Fan-shaped insertion into the inferior surface of the tongue and hyoid bone.
- Essential for tongue movements, capable of protruding, retracting, and depressing the tongue.
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Test your knowledge on the temporalis muscle with our flashcards covering its origin, insertion, and function. Understand how this important muscle contributes to jaw movement. Perfect for anatomy students and medical professionals.