DR 5 - Face, Temporal and Infratemporal Fossa
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Questions and Answers

Which nerve is responsible for supplying taste to the anterior 2/3rds of the tongue?

  • Glossopharyngeal nerve
  • Vestibulocochlear nerve
  • Facial nerve (correct)
  • Hypoglossal nerve

    • What is the function of the parotid gland?

  • Production of mucus in the nasal cavity
  • Secretion of hormones
  • Production of tears
  • Secretion of saliva into the oral cavity (correct)

    • Which artery supplies the face with blood?

  • External carotid artery (correct)
  • Facial artery
  • Maxillary artery
  • Internal carotid artery

    • Which vein drains into the external jugular vein and eventually the subclavian vein?

    <p>Retromandibular vein (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which muscle is responsible for raising the eyebrows?

    <p>Frontalis (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which artery is the largest branch of the external carotid artery and can be found within the infratemporal fossa?

    <p>Maxillary artery (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the most important branch of the maxillary artery clinically?

    <p>Middle meningeal artery (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why is the middle meningeal artery of clinical importance?

    <p>It is vulnerable to injury during head trauma (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Where is the pterygoid plexus located?

    <p>Infratemporal fossa (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which nerve supplies the muscles of mastication?

    <p>Trigeminal nerve (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following structures does the auriculotemporal branch of the mandibular nerve supply?

    <p>All of the above (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Where does the inferior alveolar nerve enter the mandible?

    <p>Mandibular foramen (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary method of treatment for parotid gland neoplasms?

    <p>Surgery (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which cranial nerve has a close relation to the parotid gland?

    <p>CN VII (Facial nerve) (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What structures pass through the infratemporal fossa and could be affected by a tumour?

    <p>All of the above (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which cranial nerves are involved in sensory and motor innervation to the face?

    <p>Cranial nerve 5 and 7 (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which nerve supplies the muscles of mastication?

    <p>Cranial nerve 5 (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which gland is located in the face and is innervated by the facial nerve?

    <p>Parotid gland (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which muscles are involved in facial expression?

    <p>Occipitofrontalis, Orbicularis oculi, Orbicularis oris, Zygomaticus, Platysma (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What will you study in the temporal and infratemporal fossa?

    <p>Muscles of mastication and their nerve supply, and major contents (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which bones of the facial skeleton were damaged in the injury?

    <p>Mandible and maxilla (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What other important structures of facial anatomy may have been damaged during this injury?

    <p>Muscles of the lower face, tongue, teeth, nasal cavity (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is causing the streaking seen on the non-contrast CT?

    <p>Lead pellets remaining in the patient's face from the shotgun shell (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which cranial nerves are involved in the sensory and motor innervation of the face?

    <p>Cranial nerve 5 and 7 (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which muscles are involved in mastication and what is their nerve supply?

    <p>Masseter and temporalis muscles, supplied by cranial nerve 5 (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which muscle is responsible for elevation and side-to-side movement of the mandible?

    <p>Medial pterygoid muscle (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which muscle of mastication has its origin on the zygomatic bone and zygomatic arch?

    <p>Masseter muscle (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the space deep and inferior to the zygomatic arch, deep to the ramus of the mandible, and posterior to the maxilla called?

    <p>Infratemporal fossa (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which muscle of mastication has two heads, with the deep head originating from the medial surface of the lateral pterygoid plate of the sphenoid bone, and the superficial head arising from the maxilla?

    <p>Medial pterygoid muscle (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which muscle of mastication has two heads, with the upper head arising on the roof of the fossa and the lower head originating from the lateral surface of the lateral pterygoid plate?

    <p>Lateral pterygoid muscle (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Flashcards

    What nerve supplies taste to the anterior 2/3rds of the tongue?

    The chorda tympani nerve is responsible for carrying taste sensations from the anterior two-thirds of the tongue to the brain.

    Which artery supplies the face with blood?

    The facial artery is a major blood vessel responsible for supplying blood to the face.

    Where does the posterior auricular vein drain into?

    The posterior auricular vein drains blood from the back of the ear and scalp into the external jugular vein, which then connects to the subclavian vein.

    What is the function of the parotid gland?

    The parotid gland, one of the major salivary glands, is responsible for producing saliva.

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    Which nerve innervates the parotid gland?

    The facial nerve, responsible for facial expressions, also controls the parotid gland.

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    What is the main treatment for parotid gland neoplasms?

    For parotid gland tumors, surgery is often the primary treatment option.

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    Where is the maxillary artery located?

    The maxillary artery is the largest branch of the external carotid artery and is located in the infratemporal fossa.

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    Which artery is important for potential bleeding with skull fractures?

    The middle meningeal artery, which is a branch of the maxillary artery, is significant clinically because it can cause bleeding when there is a skull fracture.

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    What is the most clinically important branch of the maxillary artery?

    The infraorbital artery, also a branch of the maxillary artery, is the most clinically important branch due to its role in supplying structures around the eye and cheek.

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    Which muscle is responsible for raising the eyebrows?

    The temporalis muscle, located on the side of the head, plays a major role in raising the eyebrows.

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    What muscles are responsible for chewing?

    The muscles of mastication, including the temporalis, masseter, medial pterygoid, and lateral pterygoid, work together to move and elevate the mandible (jawbone).

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    Which nerve supplies the muscles of mastication?

    The mandibular nerve, a branch of the trigeminal nerve, supplies the muscles of mastication with nerve signals necessary for their function.

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    What is the function of the lateral pterygoid muscle?

    The lateral pterygoid muscle, responsible for elevating the mandible, also helps with side-to-side jaw movement.

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    Where does the masseter muscle originate?

    The masseter muscle originates from the zygomatic bone and arch and plays a key role in closing the jaw.

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    Where does the medial pterygoid muscle originate?

    The medial pterygoid muscle has two heads, the deep head originating from the sphenoid bone and the superficial head from the maxilla, both contributing to jaw movement.

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    What are the origins of the two heads of the lateral pterygoid muscle?

    The upper and lower heads of the lateral pterygoid muscle, originating from different locations, work together for jaw movement.

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    Where is the pterygoid plexus located?

    The pterygoid plexus is a network of veins located in the infratemporal fossa, an important area for understanding structures related to the jaw and face.

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    What does the auriculotemporal nerve supply?

    The auriculotemporal branch of the mandibular nerve supplies the parotid gland and the skin of the ear with sensory innervation.

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    How does the inferior alveolar nerve enter the mandible?

    The inferior alveolar nerve enters the mandible through the mandibular foramen, supplying the teeth and surrounding tissues.

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    What structures are found in the infratemporal fossa?

    The infratemporal fossa is a complex anatomical space that houses the maxillary artery, mandibular nerve, and pterygoid muscles, all crucial for understanding the anatomy of the jaw and face.

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    Which bones are part of the facial skeleton?

    The facial skeleton includes key bones like the zygomatic bone, zygomatic arch, and ramus of the mandible, providing support and structure for the face.

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    Why are the temporal and infratemporal fossa significant in anatomy?

    The temporal and infratemporal fossa are important regions to study for understanding the anatomy of the face and jaw. They contain numerous nerves, arteries, and muscles that control facial expressions, chewing, and other functions.

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    Study Notes

    Nerves and Blood Supply

    • The chorda tympani nerve is responsible for supplying taste to the anterior 2/3rds of the tongue.
    • The facial artery supplies the face with blood.
    • The posterior auricular vein drains into the external jugular vein and eventually the subclavian vein.

    Parotid Gland

    • The parotid gland is responsible for producing saliva.
    • The parotid gland is innervated by the facial nerve.
    • The primary method of treatment for parotid gland neoplasms is surgery.

    Arteries

    • The maxillary artery is the largest branch of the external carotid artery and can be found within the infratemporal fossa.
    • The middle meningeal artery is a branch of the maxillary artery and is of clinical importance due to its potential for bleeding in cases of skull fracture.
    • The infraorbital artery is the most important branch of the maxillary artery clinically.

    Muscles

    • The temporalis muscle is responsible for raising the eyebrows.
    • The muscles of mastication (temporalis, masseter, medial pterygoid, and lateral pterygoid) are responsible for elevating and moving the mandible.
    • The muscles of mastication are supplied by the mandibular nerve.
    • The lateral pterygoid muscle is responsible for elevation and side-to-side movement of the mandible.
    • The masseter muscle has its origin on the zygomatic bone and zygomatic arch.
    • The medial pterygoid muscle has two heads, with the deep head originating from the medial surface of the lateral pterygoid plate of the sphenoid bone, and the superficial head arising from the maxilla.
    • The lateral pterygoid muscle has two heads, with the upper head arising on the roof of the fossa and the lower head originating from the lateral surface of the lateral pterygoid plate.

    Other Structures

    • The pterygoid plexus is located in the infratemporal fossa.
    • The auriculotemporal branch of the mandibular nerve supplies the parotid gland and the skin of the ear.
    • The inferior alveolar nerve enters the mandible through the mandibular foramen.
    • The infratemporal fossa contains the maxillary artery, mandibular nerve, and pterygoid muscles.
    • The facial skeleton consists of the zygomatic bone, zygomatic arch, and ramus of the mandible.
    • The temporal and infratemporal fossa are important for studying the anatomy of the face and jaw.

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    DR 5 - Face, Temporal and Infratemporal Fossa PDF

    Description

    Test your knowledge on the anatomy of the face, temporal and infratemporal fossa, including the muscles and arteries involved. Learn about the horizontal orientation of muscle fibers and the significance of the maxillary artery.

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