Podcast
Questions and Answers
What is the functional unit of muscle contraction?
What is the functional unit of muscle contraction?
- Muscle fiber
- Myoglobin
- Sarcomere (correct)
- Myofibril
What type of muscle fiber has high endurance and low force?
What type of muscle fiber has high endurance and low force?
- Type IIa (fast-twitch oxidative)
- Type I (slow-twitch) (correct)
- Smooth muscle fiber
- Type IIb (fast-twitch glycolytic)
What is the outermost layer of connective tissue surrounding the muscle?
What is the outermost layer of connective tissue surrounding the muscle?
- Sarcolemma
- Epimysium (correct)
- Endomysium
- Perimysium
What type of smooth muscle fiber functions as individual units?
What type of smooth muscle fiber functions as individual units?
What is the cytoplasm of the muscle fiber composed of?
What is the cytoplasm of the muscle fiber composed of?
What is the plasma membrane of the muscle fiber?
What is the plasma membrane of the muscle fiber?
What type of muscle fiber has fast contraction, high force, and low endurance?
What type of muscle fiber has fast contraction, high force, and low endurance?
What is the connective tissue surrounding a group of muscle fibers?
What is the connective tissue surrounding a group of muscle fibers?
What is the total number of facial muscles in the human face?
What is the total number of facial muscles in the human face?
Which muscle is responsible for smiling and raising the corners of the mouth?
Which muscle is responsible for smiling and raising the corners of the mouth?
What is the function of the orbicularis oculi muscle?
What is the function of the orbicularis oculi muscle?
Which muscle helps to lower the jaw and pull the corners of the mouth down?
Which muscle helps to lower the jaw and pull the corners of the mouth down?
What is the function of the masseter muscle?
What is the function of the masseter muscle?
What is one of the functions of the facial muscles?
What is one of the functions of the facial muscles?
Which category of muscles includes the zygomaticus major?
Which category of muscles includes the zygomaticus major?
What is the function of the frontalis muscle?
What is the function of the frontalis muscle?
How many categories are the facial muscles divided into?
How many categories are the facial muscles divided into?
What is the function of the buccinator muscle?
What is the function of the buccinator muscle?
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Study Notes
Muscle Anatomy
Components of a Muscle
- Muscle fiber: the basic unit of contraction, composed of myofibrils, sarcoplasm, and sarcolemma
- Myofibrils: contractile elements of the muscle fiber, composed of sarcomeres
- Sarcomeres: functional units of muscle contraction, consisting of thin and thick filaments
- Sarcoplasm: cytoplasm of the muscle fiber, contains myoglobin, glycogen, and mitochondria
- Sarcolemma: plasma membrane of the muscle fiber
Muscle Fiber Types
- Skeletal muscle fibers:
- Type I (slow-twitch): slow contraction, high endurance, low force
- Type IIa (fast-twitch oxidative): fast contraction, high force, moderate endurance
- Type IIb (fast-twitch glycolytic): fast contraction, high force, low endurance
- Smooth muscle fibers:
- Single-unit smooth muscle: found in visceral smooth muscle, functions as a single unit
- Multi-unit smooth muscle: found in vascular smooth muscle, functions as individual units
- Cardiac muscle fibers:
- Striated, branching fibers with intercalated discs for rapid conduction
Muscle Tissue Structure
- Epimysium: outermost layer of connective tissue surrounding the muscle
- Perimysium: connective tissue surrounding a group of muscle fibers
- Endomysium: connective tissue surrounding an individual muscle fiber
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