32 Questions
What is the primary function of oligodendrocytes in the central nervous system?
To create the myelin sheath around neuron axons
What is the result of the immune system's attack on the central nervous system in MS?
Demyelination of the CNS
What is the term for the scarring caused by inflammatory attacks at multiple sites in the CNS?
Multiple sclerosis
What is the role of the immune system in a healthy individual?
To protect from disease and infection
What is a known environmental trigger for the risk of MS and disease progression?
All of the above
What is the composition of white matter in the CNS?
Axons connecting different parts of grey matter
What is the primary goal of treatment in multiple sclerosis?
Modifying the course of the disease and managing symptoms
Which of the following is NOT a type of multiple sclerosis?
Chronic Progressive MS
What is the purpose of a lumbar puncture in diagnosing multiple sclerosis?
To test for immune cells and antibodies
Which of the following is a characteristic of Primary Progressive MS?
Steady progression of disease from onset
What is the recommended first-line option for treating acute relapses of relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis?
Oral corticosteroids
What percentage of people with Relapsing-Remitting MS will develop Secondary Progressive MS within 25 years?
90%
What is the purpose of evoked potential tests in diagnosing multiple sclerosis?
To assess the functioning of the eyes
Which of the following is a category of MS management?
All of the above
What is a characteristic of Secondary Progressive MS?
Neurologic function worsens progressively
What is the estimated percentage of people who initially experience Primary Progressive MS?
10%
What is the primary consideration for recommending Tysabri as a first-line therapy?
Presence of very active disease
What is the primary risk associated with Novantrone?
Cardiac risk and leukemia
What is the primary goal of occupational therapy for MS patients?
To conserve energy and perform everyday tasks
What is the primary benefit of cognitive rehabilitation therapy for MS patients?
Enhanced cognitive skills
What is the primary purpose of rehabilitation physical therapy for MS patients?
To improve walking and mobility
What is the primary condition for which autologous stem cell transplantation (aHSCT) is most helpful?
Relapsing-remitting MS with no response to DMTs
When should intravenous methylprednisolone be considered as an alternative?
If oral methylprednisolone has failed or is not tolerated, or if hospitalisation is required
What is the purpose of steroids in treating MS relapses?
To speed up recovery from a relapse
What is the typical duration of steroid treatment for MS relapses?
Short-term
Which medication is approved by the FDA for secondary-progressive MS?
Mitoxantrone
What is the goal of disease-modifying therapies for MS?
To reduce the amount of damage and scarring to the myelin sheath
Who is eligible for disease-modifying therapies?
Only patients with relapsing-remitting MS or some people with primary or secondary progressive MS who have relapses
What is the purpose of anti-lymphocyte monoclonal antibodies in MS treatment?
To treat primary progressive MS
What is the purpose of dalfampridine in MS treatment?
To improve walking ability
What is the purpose of anticholinergic medications in MS treatment?
To treat bladder dysfunction
What is the purpose of Tysabri in MS treatment?
To treat relapsing forms of MS
Learn about Multiple Sclerosis, a chronic neurodegenerative disease of the central nervous system. Understand how it's an immune-mediated disease, where the immune cells mistakenly attack the myelin coating around nerves in the CNS. Discover the effects of this disease on the brain, spinal cord, and optic nerves.
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