Multiple Sclerosis and Parkinson’s Disease Overview
37 Questions
0 Views

Choose a study mode

Play Quiz
Study Flashcards
Spaced Repetition
Chat to lesson

Podcast

Play an AI-generated podcast conversation about this lesson

Questions and Answers

What type of deterioration is characterized by rapid progression in multiple sclerosis?

  • Secondary progressive
  • Progressive relapsing
  • Primary progressive (correct)
  • Relapsing-remitting

    • Which of the following is NOT a common motor manifestation of multiple sclerosis?

  • Spasticity of muscles
  • Weakness or paralysis of limbs
  • Diplopia
  • Dysphagia (correct)

    • Which emotional condition is commonly associated with multiple sclerosis?

  • Mania
  • Anxiety
  • Euphoria (correct)
  • Aggression

    • What diagnostic method is primarily used to identify multiple sclerosis?

    <p>MRI to measure lesions</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of multiple sclerosis is characterized by brief periods of exacerbation followed by remissions?

    <p>Relapsing-remitting</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary characteristic of Multiple Sclerosis?

    <p>Chronic, progressive demyelination of nerve fibers</p> Signup and view all the answers

    At what average age does Multiple Sclerosis typically onset?

    <p>30 to 35 years</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following factors may contribute to the development of Multiple Sclerosis?

    <p>Environmental exposure and infection</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a significant aspect of the nursing process in caring for clients with neurodegenerative disorders?

    <p>Collaboratively developing a client-centered care plan</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which systematic approach can be used to communicate in nursing assessments?

    <p>Head-to-toe and/or SBAR</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of disorder is Multiple Sclerosis classified as?

    <p>An autoimmune nervous system disorder</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following statements about Multiple Sclerosis is incorrect?

    <p>The exact cause of Multiple Sclerosis is well understood.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the progressive nature of Multiple Sclerosis indicate?

    <p>Symptoms worsen over time</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is characteristic of tremor in patients?

    <p>It worsens with emotional stress or increased concentration.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a common manifestation of rigidity?

    <p>A jerky quality during joint movement.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a sign of akinesia?

    <p>Inability to initiate movements.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does postural instability include?

    <p>Balance issues such as propulsion or retropulsion.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How is the diagnosis of the condition primarily established?

    <p>Based solely on patient history and clinical features.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT considered a non-motor manifestation of the condition?

    <p>Bradykinesia.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What complication may arise as the disease progresses?

    <p>Dementia.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a typical effect of rigidity on muscle function?

    <p>Inhibition of alternating contraction and relaxation in opposite muscle groups.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary pathological process involved in Parkinson's Disease?

    <p>Degeneration of dopamine-producing neurons</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are the classic symptoms of Parkinson's Disease described by the acronym 'TRAP'?

    <p>Tremor, Rigidity, Akinesia, Postural instability</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following factors is NOT associated with increasing the risk of developing Parkinson's Disease?

    <p>Family genetics</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What characterizes the onset of Parkinson's Disease?

    <p>Gradual and insidious onset of symptoms</p> Signup and view all the answers

    During the later stages of Parkinson's Disease, patients may exhibit which of the following gait abnormalities?

    <p>A shuffling, propulsive gait with arms flexed</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What term best describes the increase in muscle tone seen in Parkinson's Disease?

    <p>Rigidity</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a common environmental factor linked to Parkinson's Disease risk?

    <p>Exposure to well water</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following statements accurately reflects characteristics of Parkinson's Disease?

    <p>It is primarily a motor disorder affecting movement initiation.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a key strategy to alleviate problems associated with bradykinesia?

    <p>Thinking about stepping over an imaginary object</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What dietary consideration is important for patients with dysphagia?

    <p>Meals should be easy to chew and swallow</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a suggested intervention for improving mobility?

    <p>Walking with both feet flat on the ground without lifting heels</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a benefit of wearing simplified clothing for patients?

    <p>It decreases the effort needed for dressing</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How can caregivers help support patients with movement difficulties?

    <p>By engaging with the patient during physical activities</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is an effective way to maintain a healthy lifestyle in the context of Parkinson's disease?

    <p>Encouraging several small meals throughout the day</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What challenge do caregivers face when dealing with patients experiencing disease progression?

    <p>Stress associated with the changes and demands of care</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of nutritional therapy in patients with malnutrition and constipation?

    <p>To offer easily chewed and appetizing food in manageable portions</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Multiple Sclerosis

    • Chronic, progressive, degenerative autoimmune disorder of the central nervous system (CNS)
    • Characterized by disseminated demyelination of nerve fibers of the brain, spinal cord, and optic nerves
    • The disease usually affects those between 20 and 50 years of age.
    • Average onset is 30 to 35 years of age.
    • Cause is unknown.
    • Related to environmental exposure, such as an infection
    • Autoimmune in nature
    • Demyelination continues with progressive loss of nerve function
    • Multiple genes confer susceptibility to multiple sclerosis.

    Parkinson’s Disease

    • Disease of the basal ganglia characterized by slowing down in the initiation and execution of movement, ↑ muscle tone, tremor at rest, and impaired gait changes.
    • Exact cause unknown
    • Not considered a hereditary condition, however, genetics may play a role.
    • Exposure to well water, pesticides, herbicides, industrial chemicals, and wood pulp mills may increase risk.
    • Exposure to carbon monoxide and manganese can also increase the risk of Parkinson’s.
    • Medication-induced
    • Can also be seen after use of illicit drugs, including amphetamines and methamphetamines.

    Alzheimer’s Disease

    • A type of dementia, a broad term for slow progressive cognitive decline.
    • Many types of dementia exist.

    Studying That Suits You

    Use AI to generate personalized quizzes and flashcards to suit your learning preferences.

    Quiz Team

    Related Documents

    Neurodegenerative Diseases: Multiple Sclerosis, Parkinson's, and Alzheimer's Disease PDF

    Description

    This quiz provides an overview of two significant neurological disorders: Multiple Sclerosis and Parkinson’s Disease. Explore the characteristics, potential causes, and risk factors associated with these conditions that affect movement and nerve function. Perfect for those looking to deepen their understanding of these diseases.

    More Like This

    Use Quizgecko on...
    Browser
    Open
    Browser
    Browser