40 Questions
What is the prevalence of frailty in the over 65 years of age group?
Approximately 15%
How much does frailty increase the risk of recurrent falls?
Doubles the risk
What should clinicians begin with in LMIC settings to assess mobility and fall risk?
Gait and balance assessments
What is frailty associated with in the context of falls?
Increased falls risk
Which tool should clinicians and caregivers in LMIC settings use to assess mobility and fall risk?
Validated tools freely available in their country of residence
Which intervention does the evidence support for reducing harm from falls?
Strength and balance exercises
What is the recommended population health prevention measure for falls, particularly effective for some older people?
Balance, strength, and gait training
What was called into question by the National Institute for Health and Care Excellence (NICE) surveillance of the evidence on reducing harm from falls?
Multifactorial interventions tailored to the individual’s risk assessment
What is associated with falls, according to the recent evidence surveillance?
Malnourishment
What was revealed by an Australian survey regarding staff knowledge in aged residential care?
Poor knowledge of care among staff
What is the potential role of gait speed in relation to frailty?
Proxy of frailty
In the iLSIRENTE study, what was the prevalence of sarcopenia in people aged 80 years and above?
Approximately 25%
Why do many guideline recommendations involve complex interventions?
Dependent on exogenous factors
What is the primary focus of the International Conference of Frailty and Sarcopenia's task force?
Identifying and managing physical frailty
What is the potential added value of using frailty as a proxy for intermediate to high fall risk?
An entry point for personalised multifactorial falls risk assessment
What is the purpose of identifying the barriers and potential facilitators for changes required for implementing the recommendations?
To create a favorable context for beginning implementation
Why should guidelines be implemented thoughtfully and deliberately?
To ensure verification of a favorable context for implementation
What is the main reason for using quality improvement approaches and rigorous process evaluations in the implementation process?
To refine and improve intervention delivery
What is the primary objective of the dissemination and implementation support mentioned in the text?
To provide resources and toolkits for implementation
Why do the authors emphasize the need for future research in specific areas despite providing recommendations?
Because evidence is promising but inconclusive in those areas
What did the systematic review of 17 studies reveal about the association between falls in older people and social factors?
Loneliness, social isolation, and living alone were significantly associated with falls in older people.
What did the evidence on podiatry interventions show?
The evidence on podiatry interventions was inconsistent.
What did the systematic review and meta-analysis of 9,510 older adults find about the risk of falling in malnourished individuals?
Malnourished individuals had a 45 percent higher risk of experiencing at least one fall than well-nourished individuals.
What did the evidence suggest about the effectiveness of multifactorial interventions in reducing falls?
The evidence on multifactorial interventions was inconsistent.
What did the evidence reveal about the association between loneliness, social isolation, and living alone with falls in older people?
There was a strong association between these social factors and falls in older people.
What did the systematic review and meta-analysis published in December 2019 conclude about the use of multifactorial interventions to prevent falls in older people presenting to the emergency department following a fall?
They found insufficient evidence to support the use of multifactorial interventions for fall prevention or hospital use
According to the Canadian Agency for Drugs and Technologies in Health (CADTH), what is the impact of vitamin D supplementation on falls in older adults residing in long-term care facilities?
It reduces the rate of falls but not the risk of falling
What conclusion did the authors draw about the role of vitamin D in falls prevention from the review by the Canadian Agency for Drugs and Technologies in Health (CADTH)?
Vitamin D supplementation is less costly and more effective than no intervention in preventing falls and fall-related injuries
What was found to be the impact of strength and balance exercise as a single intervention in aged care, according to the systematic review and meta-analysis published in 2019?
It reduced the number of fallers by 36 percent
What did the authors suggest researchers should examine further based on their conclusion about multifactorial interventions?
The cost-effectiveness of multifactorial interventions in the community
What did the authors conclude about the pharmacist-led deprescribing interventions?
They were associated with improvements in mood, frailty, and falls
What was the finding of the systematic review of pharmacist services in nursing homes?
Medication review and/or staff education by pharmacists reduced the mean number of falls among residents
What did the separate systematic review and meta-analysis specifically look at?
Health outcomes of deprescribing interventions in nursing homes
What type of education delivery did the survey respondents at aged residential care facilities prefer?
One-on-one, face-to-face education in the workplace, and reminder posters
What did the systematic review aimed at determining the optimal model of care for hip fracture patients find?
Patients had reduced long-term mortality when they were admitted early to any sort of orthogeriatric models or a dedicated orthogeriatric ward
What is the main finding of the Saedon et al (2020) study?
The prevalence of postural blood pressure drop was higher in residential facilities than in the community.
What did the Finnegan et al (2019a) study reveal about the long-term effectiveness of falls prevention exercise programmes?
The effect did not continue beyond two years after the intervention.
What influences whether older people with cognitive impairment continue with falls prevention exercises?
Influences on their decision to continue or not are identity, health, social interaction, and type of exercise.
What did the study by Hancox et al (2019) identify as factors influencing whether those with cognitive impairment persist with exercise?
Influences such as routine, practical and emotional support, memory support, purpose, past experiences of sport and exercise, and belief in and experience of benefits.
What did the systematic review and meta-analysis published in August 2019 find about multifactorial interventions in the community setting?
Multifactorial interventions reduced the rate and risk of falling by 21 percent.
This quiz covers the conclusions drawn from a study on multifactorial interventions for fall prevention, suggesting a need to assess the cost-effectiveness of such interventions. It also explores the impact of multifactorial interventions on various fall-related outcomes.
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