Multicast Routing Protocols Quiz

<p>Source Based Trees (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Through static configuration or dynamic election. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>To implement flood-and-prune methodology (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Protocol Independent Multicast Dense Mode (PIM-DM) (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Core Based Tree (CBT) (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It cannot be computed for more than 30 nodes (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Dijkstra (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>When there is a single sender (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Source Based Trees (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Bellman-Ford (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Source Based Tree (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>No multicast messages are sent. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Multicast Open Shortest Path First (MOSPF) (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Graft (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>PIM-SM builds core-based trees with explicit joins (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Reverse Packet Flow (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It removes a link from the multicast tree. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The pruned routing table entry must be re-activated. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>To utilize unicast routing tables for tree construction (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>(*, G) (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>By selecting one router as the core point (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>To find the upstream neighbor for packet forwarding (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Bandwidth, latency, and number of hops (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>To build a path to the sending host (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Source-based trees utilize (S, G) entries, while core-based trees use (*, G) (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Excessive bandwidth usage (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Each sender builds its own shortest path tree, with a path from the receiver back to the sender.

A single distribution tree is used for all senders, with a core router as the central point.

In source-based trees, routing table entries include the sender's IP address (S) and the multicast group (G).

In core-based trees, routing entries only include the multicast group (G), as all senders use the shared core.

Reverse Path Forwarding (RPF) helps build multicast trees by identifying the upstream neighbor for each router based on the shortest path back to the sender/core.

Shortest path routing prioritizes paths with the lowest cost, which can consider factors like hops, latency, bandwidth, etc., based on the routing protocol.

Algorithms used to update routing tables, helping routers find the best paths in a network.

The cost of a path is measured based on factors like hops, latency, and bandwidth, influencing the routing decision.

Routing algorithm where routers exchange complete routing tables with their neighbors. Every router knows the whole network topology.

Routing algorithm where each router calculates the shortest path to every destination based on its own knowledge of the network.

A multicast routing method where a tree is built from the source to the receivers, with the source at the root.

A multicast routing method where a central core router builds the tree to connect receivers.

A message sent by a router to temporarily remove a link from the multicast tree. No more multicast packets are sent on that deactivated link.

A message sent by a router to activate a previously pruned link in the multicast tree. It restores the multicast communication on that link.

A method where a router initially floods the multicast packet to all its interfaces and then prunes routes based on receiver responses.

A multicast routing protocol that employs a flood-and-prune strategy. It was the initial protocol for multicast routing and still finds use in various configurations. It aims to minimize the number of routers involved.

A multicast routing protocol developed as an extension for OSPF (Open Shortest Path First). It leverages the link-state database to construct shortest-path trees for each router. However, it has not gained widespread adoption in networking.

This approach to multicast routing utilizes a single central 'core' node. All multicast traffic is directed to this core node, and then distributed to the receivers through a tree. This approach is suitable for networks with many receivers, as it reduces the number of routers involved.

A flexible multicast routing protocol that works in two distinct modes: PIM-DM (Dense Mode) and PIM-SM (Sparse Mode). PIM-DM employs a flood-and-prune approach to construct source-based trees. PIM-SM builds core-based trees and also allows for explicit joins to source-based trees, offering greater control.

A multicast routing tree that aims to minimize the cost (like bandwidth or latency) of the path from the source to every receiver. It is best suited for networks with a single sender, as it efficiently utilizes the network resources.

A multicast routing tree that aims to minimize the overall combined cost of its edges, considering all the connections in the tree. This approach is ideal for scenarios with multiple senders but its computation is complex, becoming impractical for networks with more than 30 nodes.

A general strategy for multicast routing where a tree is built to connect all receivers in a multicast group. This tree forms the structure which data follows, ensuring that data is efficiently routed among all members of the group.

A network topology where a single central node, known as the rendezvous point (RP), is responsible for forwarding multicast data. Receivers join the group by sending messages to their RPF neighbor with respect to the RP, creating a routing table entry (*, G). This allows the RP to forward packets to all members of the multicast group.

A network topology where each source in a multicast group establishes a separate tree to reach its receivers. Receivers know the source and send a Join message to their RPF neighbor. This creates an (S, G) routing table entry, allowing the source to send data directly to the receiver down the tree.

A message sent by a receiver to its specific RPF neighbor (neighbor closest to the source or RP). This message informs the network that the receiver wants to join a particular multicast group, creating a route for receiving data.

A routing entry created when a receiver joins a multicast group. It is associated with a specific group (G) and a source (S). This entry allows the router to forward multicast packets destined for that group from the source to the receiver.