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Questions and Answers
In a leaf, which structure directly regulates gas exchange between the plant and the atmosphere?
In a leaf, which structure directly regulates gas exchange between the plant and the atmosphere?
- Air spaces
- Chloroplast
- Waxy cuticle
- Guard cells (correct)
What is the primary function of pseudopodia in a cell like an amoeba?
What is the primary function of pseudopodia in a cell like an amoeba?
- Digesting engulfed food
- Converting light energy
- Regulating water loss
- Engulfing food particles (correct)
Which of the following processes occurs primarily in the small intestine?
Which of the following processes occurs primarily in the small intestine?
- Completion of digestion (protein to amino acids, carbs to glucose, fats to fatty acids and glycerol) (correct)
- Conversion of starch into maltose
- Secretion of HCL
- Absorption of salt and water
What is the role of bile, secreted by the liver, in the digestive process?
What is the role of bile, secreted by the liver, in the digestive process?
Which heart chamber receives oxygenated blood directly from the lungs?
Which heart chamber receives oxygenated blood directly from the lungs?
What is the function of the rings of cartilage in the trachea?
What is the function of the rings of cartilage in the trachea?
During inhalation, the diaphragm's shape changes to allow for the expansion of which cavity?
During inhalation, the diaphragm's shape changes to allow for the expansion of which cavity?
What is the primary function of the glomerulus in the nephron?
What is the primary function of the glomerulus in the nephron?
Which part of the brain is responsible for controlling functions such as body temperature, hunger, and sleep?
Which part of the brain is responsible for controlling functions such as body temperature, hunger, and sleep?
How do the pulmonary artery and pulmonary vein differ in function?
How do the pulmonary artery and pulmonary vein differ in function?
Flashcards
Waxy Cuticle
Waxy Cuticle
Prevents water loss from the leaf.
Air Spaces (in leaves)
Air Spaces (in leaves)
Allow gases to diffuse within the leaf.
Guard Cells
Guard Cells
Regulate the opening and closing of stomata.
Stomatal Pore
Stomatal Pore
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Chloroplast
Chloroplast
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Pseudopodia
Pseudopodia
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Food Vacuole
Food Vacuole
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Aorta
Aorta
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Pulmonary Arteries
Pulmonary Arteries
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Diaphragm (breathing)
Diaphragm (breathing)
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Study Notes
Biology Diagrams and Functions
- Waxy Cuticle prevents water loss
- Air Spaces allows diffusion of gases in plants
- Guard Cells regulate the opening and closing of stomata
- Stomatal Pore controls gas exchange
- Chloroplast converts light energy into usable energy
- Pseudopodia engulfs food particles
- Food Vacuole helps in digesting indigested food
- Breakdown of glucose occurs by various pathways
Human Digestive System
- Salivary glands in the Mouth release saliva, converting starch to maltose
- Stomach secretes HCL and converts pepsinogen to pepsin
- Small Intestine completes digestion here
- Protein breaks down into amino acids
- Carbs break down into glucose
- Fats break down into fatty acid and glycerol in the Small Intestine
- Large Intestine absorbs salt and water
- Liver secretes Bile, which emulsifies fat globules
- Pancreas secretes Trypsin and lipase
The Heart
- Aorta carries oxygenated blood from the heart to the body
- Pulmonary Arteries carry de-oxygenated blood from the body to the lungs
- Pulmonary Veins carry oxygenated blood from the lungs to the heart
- The Left atrium & ventricle receives oxygenated blood from the lungs & it sends oxygenated blood to the Aorta
- The Right atrium & ventricle receives de-oxygenated blood from the body & it sends de-oxygenated blood from the atrium
- The Septum separates oxygenated and de-oxygenated blood
- Vena Cava carries de-oxygenated blood from the body to the heart
Human Respiratory System
- Trachea produces mucus(also known as wind pipe)
- Rings of Cartilage prevents the wall of the trachea from collapsing
- Diaphragm changes shape to help the thoracic cavity to expand (inhale) and contract (exhale)
- Alveoli exhange Oxygen and Carbon di-oxide in the blood stream
- Larynx is a Voice box
- Pharynx is a junction of food and wind pipe
- Pulmonary Vein: Receives oxygenated blood
- Pulmonary artery: Sends de-oxegenated blood
- Artery: Carries oxygenated blood
- Vein: Carries de-oxygenated blood
Nephron/Kidney
- Glomerulus filters the blood
- Tubular Part aids Reabsorption of nutrients from filtrate
- Collecting Duct collects final urine and pass it to ureter
- Capillaries aid Re-absorption of vital nutrients
- Bowman's Capsule collects blood to filter
- Left Kidney removes waste and extra fluid
- Left Ureter allows Urine to pass through towards bladder
- Urinary bladder stores Urine and empty under neuromuscular Control
- Urethra allows urine to pass outside the body
The Brain
- Forebrain controls the reproductive functions, body temperature, emotions, hunger and sleep
- Hindbrain coordinates all processes necessary for survival (breathing, heartbeat, sleep, wakefulness and motor learning)
- Pituitary Gland monitors and regulates many bodily functions through the hormones that it produces,
- Including Growth and sexual/reproductive development and function
- Cerebrum is responsible for thinking, intelligence, consciousness and memory.
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