مصطلحات حديث صحيح وحسن وضعيف

Common Terminology Between Sahih, Hasan, and Da'if Hadith

• This section covers terms applicable to all three categories (Sahih, Hasan, and Da'if).
• The terms are not specific to one category; they are descriptors for all three types of hadith.
• There are twenty terms, two of which (suspended and disconnected) are discussed. These terms can indicate hadith as either Sahih, Hasan, or Da'if depending on the specific context.
• The remaining eighteen terms are: raised, endorsed, connected; narrated from memory, narrated from someone else, suspended; unique, strange; treasured, well-known, widespread; high, low; follower and witness; included; consecutive; and the Mus-haf.
• Some terms will be grouped in threes (similar or overlapping) and others in twos (contrasting). Grouping helps comparison and analysis.

Raised Hadith (Marfoo') and Endorsed Hadith (Musnad)

• A raised hadith is attributed to the Prophet Muhammad. This attribution can be made by a companion (Sahabi), follower (Tabi'i), or someone later.

• It does not always have a connected chain of narrators. A Sahabi might narrate something without a specific record of hearing it directly from the Prophet.

• If the chain is broken, it can be classified as weak (Da'if) even if raised.

• This also requires investigation of the qualifications and reliability of the narrators, both regarding their memory and accuracy.

• Raised hadiths can be either connected or not (disconnected chains) and their reliability is dependent on the individuals involved.

• An endorsed hadith (Musnad) has a connected chain of narrators reaching back to the Prophet.

• The term implies a verifiable, unbroken connection within the chain of transmission.

• While a hadith might be raised (Marfoo'), not all raised hadiths are endorsed (Musnad). An endorsed hadith must also have a completely connected chain (Isnad).

• The reliability of the narrators, their commitment to accuracy, and the depth of their memory are crucial.

• A hadith can be endorsed but not considered authentic (Sahih) if the narrators' reputations are questionable.

Narrated From Memory (Munqaa') and Narrated from Someone Else (Ma'unana')

• A hadith narrated from memory (Munqaa') lacks explicit verification of hearing the statement directly from the source.
• Muslim did not require direct hearing (ismaa'), but believed reputable narrators' narration from memory was legitimate.
• It's a debated point to what extent such a hadith should be held as reliable and the issue is closely linked to the trustworthiness of individuals and community norms.
• Narrated from someone else (Ma'anuna') refers to a hadith reported by someone who heard it from someone else, rather than directly from the source.

يغطي هذا الاختبار المصطلحات المشتركة بين ثلاثة أنواع من الحديث: صحيح، حسن، وضعيف. يشمل المصطلح المتعلق بالحديث، مثل المعلق والمتصل، ويستعرض أنماط المقارنة والتحليل بينها. يعد هذا quiz أداة مثالية لفهم الخصائص والتعريفات الأساسية لكل نوع.