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Questions and Answers
Which of the following is the primary function of ATP in cells?
Which of the following is the primary function of ATP in cells?
Cellular respiration occurs exclusively in the mitochondria of eukaryotic cells.
Cellular respiration occurs exclusively in the mitochondria of eukaryotic cells.
True
What is the difference between autotrophs and heterotrophs?
What is the difference between autotrophs and heterotrophs?
Autotrophs produce their own food through processes like photosynthesis, while heterotrophs consume other organisms for energy.
In the nitrogen cycle, nitrogen is primarily converted into usable forms for plants through __________.
In the nitrogen cycle, nitrogen is primarily converted into usable forms for plants through __________.
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Match the following organelles to their functions:
Match the following organelles to their functions:
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What do pH values below 7 indicate?
What do pH values below 7 indicate?
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Exponential growth curves are characterized by a J-shaped graph.
Exponential growth curves are characterized by a J-shaped graph.
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What is the function of enzymes in biological reactions?
What is the function of enzymes in biological reactions?
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Study Notes
Exam Review: MSC Biology
- Exam Format: 64 multiple-choice questions (closed-note) & 5 essay questions (open-note) worth 32 points.
Energy and Ecology
- Photosynthesis: Describe the steps, locations, inputs, and outputs of photosynthesis.
- Cellular Respiration: Describe the steps, locations, inputs, outputs, and whether the processes are aerobic or anaerobic.
- Ecosystem Energy Flow: Understand how energy moves through ecosystems.
- Ecosystem Matter Flow: Understand how matter (molecules) moves through ecosystems.
- Biogeochemical Cycles: Know the water, nitrogen, carbon, and phosphorus cycles.
- Energy Pyramid: Identify producers, consumers, decomposers, and their positions.
- Autotrophs & Heterotrophs: Define and differentiate between autotrophs and heterotrophs.
- Trophic Levels: Understand trophic levels and the 10% rule.
- Growth Curves: Recognize exponential (J-shaped) and logistic (S-shaped) growth curves.
- Carrying Capacity: Define carrying capacity.
- K-selected & r-selected Organisms: Compare and contrast K-selected and r-selected organisms with their life history patterns.
- Limiting Factors: Distinguish between density-dependent and density-independent limiting factors and provide examples.
- Survivorship Curves: Understand different types of survivorship curves.
- ATP: Understand the structure and function of ATP.
Chemistry and Biochemistry
- Atomic Structure: Understand atoms, atomic number, and atomic mass.
- pH: Know the pH scale, where acids and bases are located, and what pH measures.
- Chemical Bonding: Understand ionic, covalent, and polar covalent bonding.
- Dehydration Synthesis & Hydrolysis: Define and differentiate these chemical reactions.
- Macromolecules: Define the four major macromolecules (carbohydrates, lipids, proteins & nucleic acids).
- Macromolecule Monomers: Identify the monomers of each macromolecule.
- Macromolecule Functions: Discuss examples and functions of each macromolecule.
- Amino Acid Functional Groups: Know the functional groups that make up amino acids.
- Carbohydrate Storage: Understand how plants and animals store carbohydrates.
- Water: Describe the bonds within and between water molecules and their properties.
- Enzymes: Define enzymes, their function, mechanisms of action, including substrates, active sites, and activation energy.
- Enzyme Factors: Discuss factors influencing enzyme activity.
- Enzyme Inhibitors: Compare and contrast competitive and noncompetitive inhibitors.
Cells
- Cellular Organelles: Understand the function of various organelles.
- Cell Types: Differentiate between eukaryotic and prokaryotic cells and provide examples of each.
- Cell Membrane: Describe the structure and function of the cell membrane and related transportation mechanisms.
- Transport Mechanisms: Discuss active and passive transport, osmosis, diffusion, facilitated diffusion, endocytosis, and exocytosis.
- Solution Types: Distinguish between isotonic, hypotonic, and hypertonic solutions.
- Dynamic Equilibrium: Understand dynamic equilibrium.
- Cell Cycle: Describe the phases of the cell cycle, the events within each phase and the processes.
- Cancer: Understand cancer as a consequence of cell regulation.
Schoolship
- Research Project: Understand your research project including testing, results, and implications of the findings.
- Invasive Species: Understand the concept of invasive species from a biological perspective.
Experimental Design
- Experimental Design Elements: Define and understand elements of a scientific study including title, hypothesis, independent variable, dependent variable, controls, constants, trials and graphing standards (DRY MIX).
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Description
Prepare for your MSC Biology exam with this comprehensive review focusing on energy and ecology concepts. This quiz covers critical topics such as photosynthesis, cellular respiration, and the flow of energy and nutrients in ecosystems. Additionally, you'll explore biogeochemical cycles and trophic levels to enhance your understanding.
