Ms Y: Protists Flashcards
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Questions and Answers

What are protists?

Eukaryotes that cannot be classified as animals, plants, or fungi.

What is a protozoan?

An animal-like protist that is a heterotroph and can move to obtain food.

What is a pseudopod?

Temporary bulges of the cell, also known as a false foot.

What is a contractile vacuole?

<p>A structure that collects excess water and expels it from the cell.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are cilia?

<p>Hairlike projections from cells that allow movement.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is symbiosis?

<p>A close relationship between organisms, in which at least one of them benefits.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is mutualism?

<p>A close relationship between organisms in which both benefit.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are algae?

<p>A diverse group of plant-like protists.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are pigments?

<p>Chemicals that produce color.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is an algal bloom?

<p>Rapid growth of a population of algae in oceans, lakes, and ponds.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a red tide?

<p>Saltwater algal blooms that can appear red due to certain algae.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is eutrophication?

<p>A process in which nutrients build up in a lake or pond, increasing algal growth.</p> Signup and view all the answers

List the four types of animal-like protists and tell how each type moves.

<p>Protozoans with pseudopods (amoeba), cilia (paramecium), flagella (giardia), and parasites (Plasmodium).</p> Signup and view all the answers

How are protozoans similar to animals?

<p>They are heterotrophs and can move from place to place.</p> Signup and view all the answers

An animal-like protist is observed under a microscope which lacks cilia or flagella and moves by forming temporary bulges of cytoplasm. How would you classify this protist?

<p>As a protozoan with pseudopods.</p> Signup and view all the answers

In what way are diatoms, dinoflagellates, euglena, and other plant-like protists similar to plants?

<p>They are autotrophs.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why is sunlight important to plant-like protists?

<p>Their pigments absorb sunlight which they need to make food via photosynthesis.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Would you classify Euglena as a plant-like protist or an animal-like protist? Explain.

<p>Euglena should be classified as plant-like protists because of their ability to do photosynthesis.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are the three types of fungus-like protists?

<p>Slime molds, water molds, and downy mildew.</p> Signup and view all the answers

In what ways are fungus-like protists similar to fungi?

<p>They are heterotrophs, have a cell wall made of chitin, and use spores to reproduce.</p> Signup and view all the answers

In what environments are water molds found?

<p>In water or moist places.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What color pigments do brown algae contain?

<p>Brown, green, yellow, and orange.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is symbiosis?

<p>A close relationship between two species in which at least one benefits.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are cilia?

<p>Hairlike projections from cells that move with a wave-like motion.</p> Signup and view all the answers

In what environment do all protists live?

<p>Moist environments.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are Sarcodines?

<p>A group of animal-like protists that move and feed by forming pseudopodia.</p> Signup and view all the answers

In what kinds of environments do amoebas live?

<p>In water or moist soil.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which traits are shared by all protists?

<p>They are all eukaryotes that live in moist environments.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are the diverse protist categories?

<p>Animal-like, plant-like, and fungus-like protists.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What major characteristic would you expect a plant-like protist to have?

<p>The ability to do photosynthesis.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are some animal-like traits of protozoans?

<p>They are consumers (heterotrophs) and most can move about to obtain food.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What name is given to animal-like protists?

<p>Protozoans.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What name is given to plant-like protists?

<p>Algae.</p> Signup and view all the answers

How are protozoans different from animals?

<p>Protozoans are unicellular, while animals are multicellular.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What major characteristic is used to classify protozoans?

<p>How they move.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What do the animal-like protists, known as protozoans: Amoeba & Paramecium have in common?

<p>They eat the same things and both have nuclei, cytoplasm, food vacuoles, and contractile vacuoles.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Protists Overview

  • Protists are eukaryotic organisms that do not fit into the categories of animals, plants, or fungi.
  • They inhabit mostly moist environments and exhibit a wide diversity in form and function.

Types of Protists

  • Protozoans: Considered animal-like protists; they are heterotrophic and can move actively to obtain food.
  • Algae: Plant-like protists that can perform photosynthesis and possess chlorophyll.
  • Fungus-like Protists: Include slime molds, water molds, and downy mildew.

Protozoan Characteristics

  • Move by various means such as pseudopods (e.g., amoeba), cilia (e.g., paramecium), or flagella (e.g., giardia), and some are parasitic (e.g., Plasmodium).
  • Heterotrophic nature mimics traits of animals; however, they are unicellular, unlike multicellular animals.

Key Structures

  • Pseudopod: A temporary cell extension used for movement and feeding.
  • Contractile Vacuole: A structure that regulates water balance by collecting and expelling excess water.
  • Cilia: Hairlike projections that aid in locomotion through wave-like movements.

Relationships Among Organisms

  • Symbiosis: A close relationship between two species that benefits at least one organism.
  • Mutualism: A specific form of symbiosis where both organisms benefit.

Algal Growth Phenomena

  • Algal Bloom: Rapid increase in algal populations in aquatic environments, often triggered by nutrient input.
  • Eutrophication: The buildup of nutrients like nitrogen and phosphorus in bodies of water, leading to increased algal growth.
  • Red Tide: A type of algal bloom that occurs in saltwater, coloring the water and possibly causing harm to marine life.

Plant-Like Protists

  • Autotrophic in nature, meaning they can produce their own food through photosynthesis.
  • Pigments present in these organisms give them varied colors; brown algae, for instance, contain brown, green, yellow, and orange pigments.

Distinguishing Features

  • Fungus-like Protists: Share common traits with fungi, such as being heterotrophic and having cell walls made of chitin.
  • Unique Characteristics: Protists are classified based on their movement, nutrition, and habitat specifics, such as moisture levels.

Environment and Habitats

  • Moist Environments: All protists require wet conditions for survival, whether in freshwater, saltwater, or damp terrestrial locations.

Shared Traits of Protists

  • All protists are eukaryotic cells characterized by a cellular structure that includes a nucleus and other organelles.

Summary of Classifications

  • Protozoans and Algae: Classified by their nutritional modes (heterotrophic vs. autotrophic).
  • Major Differences from Animals: Protozoans are unicellular, in contrast to the multicellular structure of animals.

Common Traits Among Protozoans

  • Both amoeba and paramecium share fundamental cellular functions, such as nutrient uptake through eating similar organisms, and the presence of nuclei and vacuoles for maintaining cellular processes.

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Explore the fascinating world of protists with these flashcards. Each card defines key terms such as 'protist', 'protozoan', and 'pseudopod'. This quiz is perfect for students looking to enhance their understanding of these unique eukaryotes.

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