MRI of the Brain and Nervous System Anatomy
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Questions and Answers

What is a key advantage of MRI over CT in detecting brain tumors?

  • MRI takes less time to perform compared to CT.
  • MRI can visualize bony structures better than CT.
  • MRI can detect tumors in the anterior cranial fossa more effectively.
  • MRI is superior for lesions near the base of the skull and pituitary fossa. (correct)

    • Which condition is NOT easily detected by MRI?

  • Tumors
  • Ischemic stroke
  • Hemorrhagic stroke
  • Chronic pain (correct)

    • What is a disadvantage of using MRI for brain imaging?

  • MRI cannot demonstrate the bony cranium. (correct)
  • MRI requires the patient to be upright during the scan.
  • MRI is ineffective for detecting brain hemorrhages.
  • MRI has a shorter scanning time compared to CT.

    • During an MRI, how should the patient be positioned?

    <p>Supine with head first.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main purpose of using scout slice placement during MRI?

    <p>To determine the optimal angles for imaging.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What alignment is required for sagittal localizer to obtain axial slices?

    <p>Parallel to a line joining the splenium and genu of the corpus callosum.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In MRI procedure, what coverage is recommended for localizers?

    <p>From the craniocervical junction to the vertex, and both temporal lobes.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a notable application of MR angiography?

    <p>Detecting thrombosis/stenosis.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which part of the brain is primarily responsible for motor control and coordination?

    <p>Cerebellum</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary use of MRI brain imaging?

    <p>To investigate neurological conditions</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which component is NOT part of the brain stem?

    <p>Cerebrum</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What constitutes the central nervous system (CNS)?

    <p>Brain and spinal cord</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which part of the brain consists of mostly white matter?

    <p>Cerebrum</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which condition is NOT typically investigated using MRI of the brain?

    <p>Fractures</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main purpose of the pons in the brain stem?

    <p>Joins fibers from cerebellum and cerebrum</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What part of the brain contains predominantly grey matter in its outer layer?

    <p>Cerebellum</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which part of the brain is primarily associated with higher cognitive functions?

    <p>Cerebrum</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which structure is NOT considered part of the brain stem?

    <p>Cerebellum</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary role of the medulla oblongata?

    <p>Controls autonomic functions</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of conditions is MRI primarily used to assess in the brain?

    <p>Neurological conditions</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of the pons?

    <p>Links cerebellum with cerebrum</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which component forms the lower part of the brain stem?

    <p>Medulla oblongata</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In terms of brain anatomy, what does the term 'grey matter' refer to?

    <p>Groups of nerve cell bodies</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which part of the nervous system consists of nerves branching out from the brain and spinal cord?

    <p>Peripheral nervous system (PNS)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a primary advantage of MRI when diagnosing tumors?

    <p>It excels in detecting lesions near the base of the skull.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following conditions can be easily detected by MRI?

    <p>Hemorrhagic stroke</p> Signup and view all the answers

    When positioning a patient for an MRI, which position should the patient be placed in?

    <p>Supine position, head first</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which feature is NOT an advantage of using MRI for trauma assessment?

    <p>Rapid imaging and diagnosis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of scout slice placement in the MRI procedure?

    <p>To guide imaging coverage and alignment</p> Signup and view all the answers

    During MRI, what is the recommended coverage for sagittal localizers?

    <p>Craniocervical junction to vertex</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which degenerative disease is effectively diagnosed using MRI?

    <p>Syrinx</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What should be done to alleviate claustrophobia during an MRI?

    <p>Provide a mirror for viewing outside the bore</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    MRI of the Brain

    • MRI of the brain is a specialized neurological investigation
    • It's used to assess various neurological conditions, including multiple sclerosis and headaches
    • It helps characterize strokes and space-occupying lesions.

    Anatomical Overview

    • The nervous system comprises a complex network of nerves and cells carrying messages between the brain and spinal cord to body parts.
    • It's divided into:
      • Central Nervous System (CNS): Includes the brain and spinal cord.
      • Peripheral Nervous System (PNS): Consists of nerves branching from the brain and spinal cord, forming a communication network between the CNS and body parts.
    • The brain has three main parts:
      • Cerebrum: The largest part, comprised of two hemispheres. The cortex, appearing as gray matter, contains nerve cell bodies. White matter consists of nerve fibers traveling toward and from the cortex.
      • Cerebellum: The second largest part located in the posterior cranial fossa. It has an outer layer (grey matter) with cell bodies and a deeper layer (white matter) with cell processes and support cells.
      • Brain Stem: Consists of:
        • Midbrain: Connects the cerebrum to the cerebellum and spinal cord.
        • Pons: Located anterior to the cerebellum, joining fibers from the cerebellum, cerebrum and spinal cord.
        • Medulla Oblongata: The lower brain stem, containing ascending and descending tracts communicating between the spinal cord and brain.

    Indications of Brain MRI

    • Tumors: MRI is superior to CT in detecting lesions in the posterior fossa, at the skull's edge, and near the base of the skull and pituitary fossa.
    • Hemorrhage-Ischemic Stroke: Both conditions are easily identifiable using MRI, with detection of thrombosis/stenosis in brain vessels being a promising application of MR angiography.
    • Trauma: MRI is better than CT at demonstrating the full extent of extracerebral collections and evaluating diffuse axonal injury. However, CT is better at showing the bony cranium.
    • Degenerative Diseases: MRI is effective in diagnosing multiple sclerosis, subcortical arteriosclerotic encephalopathy, gliosis, and syrinx.

    MRI Procedures

    • Patient Position:
      • Supine position, head first.
      • Placed in a head coil.
      • Well-padded to prevent image degradation and malalignment.
      • If the coil has a mirror, the patient should see out of the bore to ease claustrophobia.
    • Scout Slice Placement:
      • Axial Slices: Sagittal localizer aligned parallel to the line joining the splenium and genu of the corpus callosum, covering the craniocervical junction to the vertex, temporo-lateral lobes, and occipital to frontal lobes. Coronal localizers can also be used.
      • Sagittal Slices: Sagittal localizers aligned parallel to the brainstem, covering the craniocervical junction to the vertex, temporo-lateral lobes, and occipital to frontal lobes. Axial localizers can also be used.
      • Coronal Slices: Sagittal localizers aligned parallel to the brainstem, covering the craniocervical junction to the vertex, temporo-lateral lobes, and occipital to frontal lobes. Axial localizers can also be used.

    MRI Sequences (Routine Brain)

    • A table listing specific MRI sequences (T1, T2, FLAIR, DWI, SWI) with parameters like TR, TE, FA, ETL, and slice thickness is included. Specific values are provided in the table.

    MRI Sequences Notes

    • T1-weighted images (T1WI) are best for anatomical details.
    • Flair images are helpful for edema and inflammation, especially identifying plaques in multiple sclerosis.
    • Diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) is preferred for stroke, abscesses, and cellular tumors due to restricted diffusion in these conditions.

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    Related Documents

    MRI of the Brain PDF

    Description

    This quiz covers the concepts related to MRI of the brain and the anatomical overview of the nervous system. It explores the roles and structures of both the Central and Peripheral Nervous Systems, along with specific brain components like the cerebrum and cerebellum. Test your knowledge on neurological investigations and brain anatomy!

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