Movements of the Lower Limb Quiz
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Questions and Answers

Which muscle is exclusively supplied by the common peroneal part of the sciatic nerve?

  • Gastrocnemius
  • Long Head of Biceps Femoris
  • Adductor Magnus
  • Short Head of Biceps Femoris (correct)

    • What nerve supplies the medial compartment of the thigh muscles?

  • Superior Gluteal Nerve
  • Common Peroneal Nerve
  • Femoral Nerve
  • Obturator Nerve (correct)

    • Which muscle is NOT supplied by the tibial part of the sciatic nerve?

  • Plantaris
  • Gastrocnemius
  • Biceps Femoris (Long Head)
  • Biceps Femoris (Short Head) (correct)

    • Which muscle has a dual nerve supply?

    <p>Adductor Magnus</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which nerves supply the gluteus medius and minimus?

    <p>Superior Gluteal Nerve</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary action of the gluteus medius?

    <p>Abduction</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT associated with lateral rotation of the thigh?

    <p>Tensor Fasciae Latae</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Who is responsible for the movement of the leg at the knee joint?

    <p>All of the above</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which nerve supplies the extensor digitorum longus muscle?

    <p>Anterior tibial (deep peroneal) nerve</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary movement facilitated by the flexor hallucis longus muscle?

    <p>Plantarflexion of the foot</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which muscles are responsible for toe abduction?

    <p>Dorsal interossei of the foot</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What nerve supplies the first lumbrical muscle of the foot?

    <p>Medial plantar nerve</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following movements is NOT associated with the muscles listed?

    <p>Adduction with extensor digitorum longus</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of movements do the plantar interossei facilitate?

    <p>Adduction</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which muscles are involved in extending the toes?

    <p>Extensor digitorum longus and extensor hallucis longus</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which nerve is associated with the lateral plantar nerve?

    <p>Plantar interossei</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which muscle is primarily responsible for flexion at the hip joint?

    <p>Iliopsoas</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What nerve supplies the gluteus maximus muscle?

    <p>Inferior gluteal nerve</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which nerve root is part of the supply to the psoas major muscle?

    <p>L1 to L3</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which action does the rectus femoris participate in at the hip joint?

    <p>Flexion</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a potential consequence of an injury to the superior gluteal nerve?

    <p>Impaired lateral stability of the hip</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which muscle does NOT contribute to hip flexion?

    <p>Gluteus maximus</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary movement produced by the iliacus muscle?

    <p>Flexion of the thigh</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which movement is associated with the sartorius muscle?

    <p>Hip flexion</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which nerve supplies the Peroneus (Fibularis) Longus muscle?

    <p>Musculocutaneous Nerve</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which muscle is not involved in the eversion of the foot?

    <p>Tibialis anterior</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary action of Tibialis posterior?

    <p>Inversion of the foot</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following muscles is responsible for flexing the digits?

    <p>Flexor Hallucis Longus</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which muscle is innervated by the Anterior Tibial (Deep peroneal) Nerve?

    <p>Extensor Hallucis Longus</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which nerve is responsible for the innervation of Flexor Digitorum Longus?

    <p>Posterior Tibial Nerve</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which muscle primarily contributes to plantarflexion?

    <p>Gastrocnemius</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Identify the muscle that assists in both plantarflexion and stability of the ankle.

    <p>Soleus</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the most common site for injury that leads to a waddling gait?

    <p>Supero-medial quadrant of the gluteal region</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which muscles are primarily affected by an injury to the superior gluteal nerve?

    <p>Gluteus medius and gluteus minimus</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What characteristic sign is observed in patients with weak abductor muscles when standing on one leg?

    <p>Pelvis drop on the contralateral side</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What condition is commonly associated with injury to the sciatic nerve?

    <p>Lumbar disc prolapse</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which gait pattern is characterized by a compensation for pelvic drop due to superior gluteal nerve damage?

    <p>Waddling gait</p> Signup and view all the answers

    When testing for Trendelenburg's sign, how does a positive result manifest?

    <p>The pelvis drops on the healthy limb side</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the likely consequence of injecting in the inappropriate quadrant of the gluteal region?

    <p>Injury to the sciatic nerve</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which nerve is responsible for the innervation of the remaining lumbricals in the foot?

    <p>Lateral plantar nerve</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Movements of the Lower Limb

    • Flexion:

      • Muscle: Iliopsoas, Rectus femoris, and Sartorius
      • Nerve Supply:
        • Iliacus: Femoral nerve in the abdomen
        • Psoas major: Anterior rami of L1 to L3
        • Rectus femoris and Sartorius: Femoral nerve

    • Extension:

      • Muscle: Gluteus maximus
      • Nerve Supply: Inferior Gluteal nerve

    • Abduction:

      • Muscle: Gluteus medius, Gluteus minimus, Tensor fasciae latae
      • Nerve Supply: Superior Gluteal nerve

    • Adduction:

      • Muscle: Adductor magnus, Adductor longus, Adductor brevis, Gracilis, Pectineus
      • Nerve Supply:
        • Adductor magnus:
          • Pubic part: Posterior division of the obturator nerve
          • Ischial part: Tibial nerve of the sciatic nerve
        • Other adductor muscles: Obturator nerve

    • Medial Rotation:

      • Muscle: Anterior fibers of gluteus medius, gluteus minimus, tensor fasciae latae
      • Nerve Supply: Superior Gluteal nerve

    • Lateral Rotation:

      • Muscle: Small lateral rotators of the thigh (piriformis, obturator internus, obturator externus, superior and inferior gemelli, quadratus femoris)
      • Nerve Supply:
        • Piriformis: Directly from the sacral plexus
        • Obturator internus: Nerve to obturator internus
        • Obturator externus: Nerve to obturator externus
        • Superior and inferior gemelli: Nerve to obturator internus
        • Quadratus femoris: Nerve to quadratus femoris

    Movements of the Knee Joint

    • Flexion:

      • Muscle: Gastrocnemius, Plantaris, Biceps femoris
      • Nerve Supply:
        • Gastrocnemius and Plantaris: Posterior tibial nerve
        • Biceps femoris:
          • Long head: Tibial part of the sciatic nerve
          • Short head: Common peroneal nerve

    • Extension:

      • Muscle: Quadriceps femoris (Rectus femoris, Vastus Lateralis, Vastus Medialis, Vastus Intermedius)
      • Nerve Supply: Femoral nerve

    Movements of the Ankle Joint

    • Dorsiflexion:

      • Muscle: Tibialis anterior, Extensor hallucis longus, Extensor digitorum longus
      • Nerve Supply: Anterior tibial (Deep peroneal) nerve

    • Plantarflexion:

      • Muscle: Gastrocnemius, Soleus, Plantaris, Tibialis posterior, Flexor digitorum longus, Flexor hallucis longus
      • Nerve Supply:
        • Gastrocnemius, Soleus, and Plantaris: Posterior tibial nerve
        • Tibialis posterior, Flexor digitorum longus, and Flexor hallucis longus: Posterior tibial nerve

    • Inversion:

      • Muscle: Tibialis posterior, Flexor digitorum longus, Flexor hallucis longus
      • Nerve Supply: Posterior tibial nerve

    • Eversion:

      • Muscle: Peroneus longus, Peroneus brevis, Peroneus tertius
      • Nerve Supply:
        • Peroneus longus and Peroneus brevis: Musculocutaneous (Superficial peroneal) nerve
        • Peroneus tertius: Anterior tibial ( Deep peroneal) nerve

    Movements of the Subtalar Joint

    • Inversion:

      • Muscle: Tibialis anterior, Extensor hallucis longus, Extensor digitorum longus, Tibialis posterior, Flexor digitorum longus, Flexor hallucis longus
      • Nerve Supply:
        • Tibialis anterior, Extensor hallucis longus, and Extensor digitorum longus muscles: Anterior tibial nerve
        • Tibialis posterior, Flexor digitorum longus, and Flexor hallucis longus muscles: Posterior tibial nerve

    • Eversion:

      • Muscle: Peroneus longus, Peroneus brevis, Peroneus tertius
      • Nerve Supply:
        • Peroneus longus and Peroneus brevis: Musculocutaneous (Superficial peroneal) nerve
        • Peroneus tertius: Anterior tibial ( Deep peroneal) nerve

    Movements of the Metatarsophalangeal Joints

    • Dorsiflexion (Extension):

      • Muscle: Extensor hallucis longus, Extensor digitorum longus
      • Nerve Supply: Anterior tibial (Deep peroneal) nerve

    • Plantarflexion (Flexion):

      • Muscle: Flexor hallucis longus, Flexor digitorum longus
      • Nerve Supply: Posterior tibial nerve

    • Adduction (PAD)

      • Muscle: Plantar Interossei
      • Nerve Supply: Lateral plantar nerve

    • Abduction (DAB)

      • Muscle: Dorsal Interossei of the foot
      • Nerve Supply: Lateral plantar nerve

    • Lumbricals of the foot:

      • Nerve Supply:
        • 1st lumbrical: Medial plantar nerve
        • Remaining lumbricals: Lateral plantar nerve

    Movements of the Inter-phalangeal Joints

    • Dorsiflexion:

      • Muscle: Extensor digitorum longus, Extensor hallucis longus
      • Nerve Supply: Anterior tibial (Deep peroneal) nerve

    • Plantarflexion:

      • Muscle: Flexor hallucis longus, Flexor digitorum longus
      • Nerve Supply: Posterior tibial nerve

    Injury of the Superior Gluteal Nerve

    • Causes:

      • Intramuscular injections in the gluteal region
      • Greater trochanter fracture
      • Posterior hip joint dislocation
      • Supero-medial quadrant of the gluteal region

    • Symptoms:

      • Limp (Waddling Gait) (Gluteal Gait) (Lurching Gait)
      • Difficulty in abducting the thigh
      • Difficulty in medially rotating the thigh

    • Muscles Paralyzed:

      • Gluteus medius
      • Gluteus minimus
      • Tensor fasciae latae

    Trendelenburg’s Sign

    • Description: Occurs when the abductor muscles (gluteus medius and gluteus minimus) of the hip are weakened or paralyzed.
    • How to Evaluate: Have the patient stand on one leg. If the pelvis drops on the affected side while standing on the injured leg this is a positive sign.
    • Causes: Damage to the superior gluteal nerve, which innervates these abductor muscles.
    • Compensation: The patient may compensate by leaning their trunk towards the affected side to keep the pelvis level.

    Sciatic Nerve Injury

    • Cause: Lumbar disc prolapse (herniation).

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    Lower Limb Anatomy Movements PDF

    Description

    Test your knowledge on the movements of the lower limb, including flexion, extension, abduction, adduction, and medial rotation. Learn about the muscles involved and their respective nerve supplies. This quiz is perfect for students studying human anatomy and physiology.

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