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Questions and Answers
What are motor skills/actions?
Activities or tasks that require voluntary control over movements of the joints and body segments to achieve a goal.
Which of the following are characteristics of motor skills/actions? (Select all that apply)
Define movements in the context of motor skills.
Specific patterns of motion among joints and body segments used to accomplish action goals.
What is a one-dimensional classification system?
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What are the three motor skill classification systems that use the one-dimensional system? (Select all that apply)
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What is a gross motor skill?
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What defines a continuous motor skill?
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What is an open motor skill?
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What is Gentile's Two-Dimensions Taxonomy?
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What are regulatory conditions in motor skills?
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What does intertrial variability refer to?
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What is the function of the action in Gentile's taxonomy?
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Study Notes
Motor Skills/Actions
- Activities requiring voluntary control over body movements to achieve specific goals.
Characteristics of Motor Skills
- Goal-oriented in nature.
- Movements are voluntary rather than reflexive.
- Involve the use of body and limb movements.
- Skills must be learned or relearned for mastery.
Movements
- Specific patterns of motion involving joints and body segments to accomplish action objectives.
One-Dimension Classification System
- Categorizes skills based on a single characteristic with binary descriptive options.
Three One-Dimension Classification Systems
- Based on:
- Size of primary musculature needed.
- Specificity of action start and end points.
- Stability of environmental context.
Size of Musculature Classification
- Gross motor skills: Involve large muscle groups (e.g., walking, jumping).
- Fine motor skills: Involve small muscle groups (e.g., signing a cheque, buttoning a shirt).
Specificity of Action Classification
- Continuous motor skills: No distinct start/end; repetitive actions (e.g., steering a car, swimming).
- Discrete motor skills: Defined start/end; single actions (e.g., flipping a switch, hitting a piano key).
- Serial motor skills: Sequence of discrete movements (e.g., playing a song, typing).
Stability of Environmental Context Classification
- Open motor skills: Conditions that are variable; involves movement of surfaces, objects, or people (e.g., driving, walking in crowds).
- Closed motor skills: Stable conditions; little to no movement from surfaces or objects (e.g., picking up a cup, shooting free throws).
Gentile's Two-Dimensions Taxonomy
- Classification system categorizing motor skills based on two dimensions: regulatory conditions and function of the action.
Regulatory Conditions
- Environmental features that movements must adapt to in order to meet the action goal.
Intertrial Variability
- Assesses if the regulatory conditions change or remain constant across trials of a skill.
Function of the Action
- The second dimension in Gentile’s taxonomy; considers body stability or transport along with object manipulation during the task.
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Description
This quiz covers the fundamental concepts of motor skills as outlined in Chapter 1. Test your knowledge on the definitions, characteristics, and classifications of motor skills and actions. Perfect for students looking to solidify their understanding of this important topic.