Questions and Answers
What are motor skills defined as?
What are cognitive skills characterized by?
More decision-making; decision/strategy is essential to success.
The dimensions of performance include stability of environment, _____ features of skill, and precision of movement.
temporal/organizational
What characterizes a closed environment in motor skills?
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Which of the following is not a type of task in motor skills?
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What distinguishes fine motor skills from gross motor skills?
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Gentile's Taxonomy for classifying motor skills includes _____ demands and action requirements.
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What are some features of regulatory conditions in environmental demands?
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Intertrial variability can occur in both open and closed environments.
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What is the goal of the task in Action Requirements?
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What does Gentile's Taxonomy represent?
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Study Notes
Motor Skills
- Defined as "doing it right" with less emphasis on decision-making.
- Quality of movement is crucial for successful execution.
Cognitive Skills
- Referred to as "knowing what to do," involving significant decision-making.
- Decision-making and strategy are essential for achieving success.
Dimensions of Performance
- Encompasses stability of environment, temporal/organizational features of skill, and precision of movement.
Stability of Environment
- Context and objects influence skill execution.
- Closed environments remain constant and are self-paced.
- Open environments are unstable and unpredictable, requiring reactive motor skills.
- Predictable changes occur where parameters are anticipatory, like jumping rope or using escalators.
Temporal/Organizational Features
- Refers to the type of task and its features:
- Discrete tasks have a defined beginning and end, completed quickly.
- Continuous tasks have arbitrary beginnings and ends, are repetitive, and allow the performer to decide when to stop.
- Serial tasks combine linked discrete skills toward a single outcome, such as a gymnastics routine.
Precision of Movement
- Distinguishes between fine and gross motor skills:
- Fine motor skills require high precision.
- Gross motor skills involve significant muscular effort and whole-body movement.
Gentile's Taxonomy for Classifying Motor Skills
- Classifies skills based on environmental demands and action requirements:
- Environmental demands include regulatory conditions and intertrial variability.
- Action requirements assess the goal of the task, focusing on body transport and object manipulation.
Environmental Demands
- Regulatory conditions are the features of the environment that impact skill performance, such as color, hoop height, and width.
- Intertrial variability pertains to whether conditions remain consistent or change from one performance to the next, relevant in closed environments.
Action Requirements: Goal of the Task
- Evaluates whether body transport is necessary during the task and if object manipulation occurs, including actions with both hands and feet.
- Both body transport and object manipulation can be classified as present or absent.
Gentile's Taxonomy
- Illustrates progressive increases in task difficulty, useful for assessing and comparing skills or variations.
- Helps evaluate movement proficiency and plan instructional progressions for teaching motor skills.
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Description
This quiz explores the key concepts of motor and cognitive skills, highlighting the importance of execution quality and decision-making processes. It also examines the dimensions of performance, including environment stability, task features, and precision in movement. Test your understanding of these critical elements in skill acquisition.
