Motor Skills and Health Fitness Quiz

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Questions and Answers

What is the VO2max cut-off value for boys considered at increased cardiometabolic risk?

  • 30 ml/kg/min
  • 42 ml/kg/min (correct)
  • 35 ml/kg/min
  • 38 ml/kg/min

What BMI range indicates obesity in adults?

  • 25-30
  • 18.5-25
  • More than 30 (correct)
  • 30-35

Why is BMI considered inaccurate at the individual level for estimating body fat?

  • It considers only age.
  • It fails to account for body fat distribution. (correct)
  • It does not use weight.
  • It is only applicable to children.

What is the waist circumference threshold for cardiovascular risk in women?

<blockquote> <p>88 cm (A)</p> </blockquote> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following body composition evaluation methods does NOT involve the use of radiation?

<p>Bioimpedance (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the relationship between normal weight and handgrip strength according to the study?

<p>High handgrip strength values correlate with lower mortality risk. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a common result seen in adults who consume 1 liter of Coke daily for an extended period?

<p>Increased visceral, liver, and muscular fat (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which method is a direct assessment of cardiorespiratory fitness?

<p>Portable gas analysis equipment (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What factors contribute to increased BMI despite an active lifestyle?

<p>Obesogenic environments (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are the BMI cut-points used to assess overweight or obesity in children?

<p>Percentile tables specific to children's growth (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does the 20 m shuttle run test estimate?

<p>VO2 max (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a significant factor influencing the cost of direct assessment methods for cardiorespiratory fitness?

<p>Professional training requirements (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which is an example of an indirect method for assessing VO2 max?

<p>20 m shuttle run test (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which formula corresponds to assessing VO2 max in the 20 m shuttle run test?

<p>Y = 2.75x + 28.8 (M) (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the definition of health-related fitness according to Pate (1988)?

<p>The capacity to perform activities of daily life with vigor associated with a lower risk of chronic diseases. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which component of health-related fitness relates to the efficiency of the cardiovascular system?

<p>Cardiorespiratory fitness (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does the term 'performance-related fitness' imply?

<p>Fitness components that affect athletic performance. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What factor is NOT considered a part of the metabolic component of health-related fitness?

<p>Balance (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

According to the provided definitions, which of the following best describes physical fitness?

<p>Capacity to perform activities of daily life with vigor. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which factor is highlighted in the European Youth Heart Study conducted on 9-year-old children?

<p>Correlation between physical fitness and cardiovascular health. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which component is NOT included in the categories of health-related fitness?

<p>Cognitive component (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is one of the significant claims about physical fitness in children mentioned?

<p>Strong claims about physical fitness and health in children are questionable. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

Physical Fitness (OMS 1968)

The ability to perform everyday tasks with energy and enthusiasm.

Performance-related Fitness (Pate 1988)

The ability to excel in sports or physical activities.

Health-related Fitness (Pate 1988)

The ability to do daily activities with energy while improving your health and reducing chronic disease risks.

Cardiorespiratory Fitness

The ability to take in oxygen and use it efficiently during exercise. Measured by VO2 Max.

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Morphological Component

A measure of the body's overall composition, including muscle, fat, and bone.

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Flexibility

The ability to move joints through a full range of motion.

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Muscular Strength

The ability to exert force against resistance.

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Muscular Endurance

How long you can sustain muscle activity.

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Optimal Grip Span

Measured by hand span, it determines the ideal spacing between your fingers for maximum grip strength.

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Body Composition

A measure of the body's overall composition, including muscle, fat, and bone.

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Cardiorespiratory Fitness (VO2 Max)

A measure of the body's ability to take in and use oxygen efficiently during exercise.

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20 m Shuttle Run Test

An inexpensive and portable test used to indirectly assess cardiorespiratory fitness.

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Body Mass Index (BMI)

A measurement that takes into account both weight and height to assess body fat.

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BMI (Body Mass Index)

A measure of body fat based on height and weight. Calculated by dividing weight in kilograms by height in meters squared.

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BMI Cut-Points

A range of BMI values used to categorize individuals as normal weight, overweight, or obese.

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Waist Circumference

A measure of the distribution of body fat around the waist. A higher waist circumference increases cardiovascular risk.

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BMI's Limitations

The idea that BMI alone doesn't fully capture how body fat is distributed and how it affects health.

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Obesogenic Environment

The concept that our environment influences our eating habits, making it easier to become overweight or obese.

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Coca-Cola Effect

The negative effects of consistently consuming large amounts of sugary drinks like Coca-Cola on body composition.

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Balance in Food & Activity

The practice of balancing food choices and physical activity to maintain a healthy body weight.

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Body Composition Evaluation Methods

Methods used to assess the composition of the body, including the proportion of fat, muscle, and bone.

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Study Notes

Motor Skills and Motor Games - Health Related Fitness

  • Professor: Juan Pablo Rey Lopez
  • Institution: Catholic University of Murcia (UCAM)
  • Credits: 4.5 ECTS
  • Timing Unit: First Semester 2024/25

Physical Fitness Definitions

  • Physical Fitness: Capacity to perform daily life activities with vigor (OMS 1968)
  • Performance-related Fitness: Capacity to develop physical fitness components for sport performance (Pate 1988)
  • Health-related Fitness: Capacity to perform daily life activities with vigor, associated with a lower risk of chronic disease and premature death (Pate 1988)
  • Morphological: Body composition, flexibility
  • Cardiorespiratory: VO2 max, blood pressure
  • Muscular: Power, maximal strength, muscular endurance
  • Motor: Agility, balance, coordination, speed
  • Metabolic: Glucose tolerance, insulin sensitivity

Physical Activity and Cardiovascular Health in Children

  • Information is given related to cardiovascular health in children and physical fitness
  • Studies show possible link between fitness levels and cardiovascular health in children

Preschool Children's Motor Development Research

  • Global hotspots and trends in preschool children's motor development research from 2012 to 2022 are analyzed.
  • Findings from a bibliometric analysis by Jun-Wei Wang et al. are present.

Co-occurring Keywords (A map)

  • Keywords, like physical activity, sedentary behavior, fitness, overweight, proficiency, competence and prevalence, were analyzed for their interconnectivity in research from 2012-2022
  • Visualization of the keywords and their relationships are displayed in a map

Top 20 Keywords

  • Analysis of the top 20 keywords, with co-citation frequency and centrality.
  • Keywords such as physical activity, performance, intervention are given as most used, and high ranking keywords.
  • Strong claims about physical fitness and health in children are questioned.

Physical Activity and Mortality

  • There is evidence that low handgrip strength is a stronger predictor of mortality in those living in more deprived areas.
  • Studies suggest an interaction between deprivation and handgrip strength, especially in predicting all-cause and CVD mortality.
  • Findings are from a large cohort study (UK Biobank). There is a strong association in research.

Assessment Methods for CardioRespiratory Fitness (VO2 Max)

  • Direct assessment: expensive; using equipment such as ergometers
  • Indirect assessment: inexpensive, e.g., 20 m shuttle run test

Body Composition Evaluation Methods

  • Skinfolds (anthropometry)
  • Bioimpedance analysis
  • Hydrostatic weighing (bod-pod)
  • Dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA)
  • Computed tomography (CT) or Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)

Body Mass Index (BMI) and Cut-Points for Adults

  • BMI calculation: kg/m²
  • Normal Weight (BMI): 18.5-25
  • Overweight (BMI): 25-30
  • Obesity (BMI): >30

BMI in Children

  • Do not utilize adult BMI cut-points for assessing children's overweight/obesity
  • Instead use percentile tables (e.g., CDC in USA)

Waist Circumference

  • Cardiovascular risk factors: waist circumference (largest)
  • Women >88 cm, men >102 cm

Limitations of BMI

  • BMI does not consider body fat distribution
  • Obesity is associated with visceral fat, subcutaneous fat, liver fat and skeletal muscle fat levels.

Physical Activity and Obesity

  • Physical activity does not directly impact obesity risk; it is more complex and is a component in the public health message
  • Food choices/diets and availability are key factors impacting BMI, as demonstrated by different studies on food availability

Effect of Coke Consumption

  • Drinking 1 liter of coke regularly resulted in significant changes in visceral, liver and muscle fat levels
  • This was seen in several months of studies conducted in adults.

Obesogenic environments

  • Obesogenic environments increase BMI independent of physical activity levels throughout life
  • Physical activity does not counter the effects of residing in environments that encourage weight gain

Maintaining High Physical Activity and Weight Gain

  • Maintaining high physical activity levels (Men and Women) over twenty years did not protect against weight gain
  • This information was gathered from longitudinal studies of 20 years.

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