Motor Learning and Control Quiz
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Questions and Answers

Which aspect differentiates motor control from motor learning?

  • Motor learning involves conscious, deliberative control.
  • Motor control focuses on skill acquisition.
  • Motor control studies mechanisms for posture and movement. (correct)
  • Motor learning emphasizes observable movement.
  • What is a characteristic of centralized motor programs?

  • They encourage movements to develop stability.
  • They promote abstract variability in movement responses.
  • They adapt to environmental conditions dynamically.
  • They rely on conscious, deliberative control. (correct)
  • Which concept is a feature of dynamical systems in movement control?

  • Concentration on neuro-physiological functioning.
  • Exploration of variation for optimal function. (correct)
  • Pre-planned brain responses to movement.
  • Fixed, rigid movement patterns.
  • How does motor learning interact with movement skills?

    <p>Through individual, task, and learning environment interaction. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the motor learning process prioritize?

    <p>Achieving optimal acquisition of perceptual, cognitive, and movement skills. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What factor influences the options for ways of movement in the Constraints-led Framework?

    <p>Constraints (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT considered a performer constraint in the context of skill acquisition?

    <p>Social conditions (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How do constraints influence movement solutions during skill acquisition?

    <p>By enabling repeated or alternative ways of moving (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In the Constraints-led Framework, which aspect is specifically related to the task constraints?

    <p>Task goal and time demands (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which statement best describes the nature of movement solutions in the Constraints-led Framework?

    <p>They emerge from the interaction of individual, task, and environmental constraints. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a primary focus of the Constraints-led Approach to Skill Acquisition?

    <p>Understanding the interaction between constraints and skill performance (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following best describes a constraint in motor learning?

    <p>An individual characteristic that hinders movement (C), An environmental factor impacting movement execution (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why is understanding individual constraints important in skill learning strategies?

    <p>To tailor approaches based on personal attributes and abilities (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following outcomes is likely when changes in constraints occur during practice?

    <p>Adaptations in movement strategies to suit new conditions (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How do constraints impact coordinated movement?

    <p>They determine the range of possible movement solutions (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is an implication of the constraints-led approach for instruction in skill learning?

    <p>Focus should be on enhancing individual exploration of movement (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the evaluation of core theoretical models in motor control help achieve?

    <p>Facilitate a deeper understanding of skill learning processes (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In what way do pedagogical strategies need to adapt according to the constraints-led approach?

    <p>Integrate flexibility to respond to changes in constraints (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which factor is least likely to influence a player's coordinated movement in a game setting?

    <p>Preferred color of the uniform (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What psychological factor can enhance a player's performance in coordinated movements?

    <p>High self-efficacy (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a physiological aspect that affects coordinated movement?

    <p>Posture (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which constraint is likely to affect a player's emergent behavior during a game?

    <p>Training history (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following aspects is NOT a biological factor influencing movement?

    <p>Weather conditions (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Identify the factor that would least impact the physical demands of a game.

    <p>Personal dietary likes (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of constraint can most directly influence gameplay strategy?

    <p>Social/psychological climate (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT considered a cognitive skill in movement scenarios?

    <p>Height of the player (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which statement best describes the role of constraints in movement behavior?

    <p>Constraints influence and guide self-coordination. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is essential for achieving optimal movement according to the constraints-led framework?

    <p>The presence or absence of specific task and environmental factors. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following best captures the variability in movement solutions?

    <p>Similarity and unique movement behavior can coexist. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How do constraints affect performance control during a task like springboard diving?

    <p>They can create a range of movement solutions based on the individual. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the constraints-led framework suggest about ‘idealized’ movement patterns?

    <p>‘Idealized’ patterns do not exist for given skills. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which factor is NOT typically considered a constraint in coordinated movement?

    <p>Random chance. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What influences the self-coordination of movement in a specific task?

    <p>A combination of individual, task, and environmental factors. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In the context of movement strategies, what is significant about the approach of maximizing accuracy or efficiency?

    <p>Different movement solutions can focus on either accuracy or efficiency. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which role does the instructor/coach play when using a constraints-led framework for skill acquisition?

    <p>Identify constraints that limit skill development. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is one of the implications of perceiving movement-action coupling in tasks?

    <p>It helps learners identify relevant perceptual cues. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a primary benefit of changing task and environmental conditions according to the constraints-led framework?

    <p>It stimulates movement exploration and variation. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How does the constraints-led framework view the concept of 'behavioral practice'?

    <p>Changing constraints helps learners solve movement problems. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does 'scaffolded guidance' refer to in the context of coaching?

    <p>Supporting learners in finding their own movement solutions. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In the context of the constraints-led framework, how is 'perception' critical to skill acquisition?

    <p>It influences cognitive decision-making and movement action. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary focus when altering constraints in a practice setting?

    <p>To challenge the central nervous system and muscular systems. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What might be an outcome of encouraging movement exploration and variation?

    <p>Promoting a broader self-perception of movement abilities. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Flashcards

    Motor Control

    The study of how the body controls posture and movement. It examines the underlying mechanisms and how the nervous system and muscles work together.

    Motor Learning

    How we learn movement skills and how that learning adapts over time. It covers skill acquisition in different settings.

    Centralized Motor Programs

    A theory suggesting the brain pre-plans movement and uses sensor feedback for adjustments.

    Dynamical Systems

    A theory of movement where multiple factors (neural, physical, environmental) interact and influence, instead of one central controller.

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    Skill Acquisition

    The process of learning movement tasks and how skills develop permanently.

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    Motor Learning (ML 1)

    A unit of study focusing on the theory and application of motor control and skill learning.

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    Constraints-led Framework

    A theoretical approach to skill acquisition that emphasizes the role of constraints in shaping motor skill development.

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    Motor Control & Skill Acquisition

    The study of how the nervous system controls the movement of muscles and how people acquire and improve motor skills.

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    Individual Constraints

    Personal factors that influence motor skill learning, such as physical characteristics, previous experiences, and learning styles.

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    Pedagogical Motor Skill Learning Strategies

    Teaching strategies used to facilitate the acquisition of motor skills.

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    Constraints impacting coordinated movement

    The factors that influence how body parts work together efficiently.

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    Theoretical Models

    Explanations of how motor skills are learned or processed, based on hypotheses.

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    Skill Learning Situations

    Contexts where motor skills are practiced and improved

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    Constraints-led Framework

    A framework for skill acquisition that emphasizes how performers adapt to constraints (e.g., individual, task, environment) to create coordinated movements.

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    Individual Constraints (skill acquisition)

    Factors relating to a person's body, physiology, cognition, and previous experiences that influence movements. An example would be someone's height.

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    Task Constraints (skill acquisition)

    Features of the movement task (e.g., goal, speed, implement) acting as boundaries for movement solutions

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    Environmental constraints (skill acquisition)

    Conditions outside the performer (e.g., social, temperature, presence of other people, surfaces) that influence the available movement options

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    Emergent Behavior (skill acquisition)

    The unplanned and responsive ways movements arise out of interactions between coordination systems in a specific task/situation.

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    Individual Constraints

    Personal factors influencing motor skill development like physiology, psychology, and past experiences.

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    Environmental Constraints

    External factors affecting movement, including the playing surface, weather, and game context.

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    Task Constraints

    Characteristics of the specific activity that influence movement, such as the rules, equipment and demands of the activity.

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    Emergent Behaviour

    The way coordinated movements arise from the interaction of individual, environmental, and task constraints.

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    Constraints impacting coordinated movement

    Factors influencing the effective and efficient coordination of body parts during movements.

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    Starting positions

    Initial body postures or locations that impact movement and skill acquisition.

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    Physiological Constraints

    Individual body features affecting skill such as muscle strength, flexibility, and biological maturity.

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    Psychological Constraints

    Mental factors affecting movements, including motivation, confidence, and resilience.

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    Constraints-led Framework

    An approach to skill acquisition focusing on how constraints shape movement development. It doesn't prescribe one best way, but looks at how various factors influence movement.

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    Constraints influencing movement

    Factors impacting how body parts work together, including individual (performer), task, and environmental elements.

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    Individual Constraints

    Personal factors, such as physical abilities, experience, and motivation, that shape movement.

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    Task Constraints

    Features of the activity influencing movement, such as equipment, rules, and goals.

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    Environmental Constraints

    External factors impacting movement, such as weather conditions, the surface, and the surrounding environment.

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    Emergent Behavior

    The self-organizing movement patterns resulting from multiple interacting constraints.

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    Optimal Movement

    Movement that maximizes accuracy, efficiency, and safety, based on the specific task, individual, and environment.

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    No Idealized Movement

    There isn't one 'perfect' way to perform a skill for all people and situations, but optimal solutions depend on combined constraints.

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    Constraints-led Framework

    A skill acquisition approach emphasizing how constraints (internal and external factors) shape movement development.

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    Perception-Action Coupling

    The interplay between how we sense the environment and how we move in response.

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    Constraint Identification

    The process of recognizing factors limiting skill or movement.

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    Behavioural Practice

    Altering task/environment to challenge the learner's movement capabilities.

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    Movement Problem Creator

    The coach/instructor role of designing movement challenges.

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    Perception-Action Coupler

    Understanding the relationship between perception (what you see) and action (what you do).

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    Emergent behaviour

    Learning that arises naturally from exploration and challenge.

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    Scaffolded guidance

    Support provided, gradually reducing as learners improve their solution-finding ability.

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