Motivation Theories in the Workplace

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Questions and Answers

Which job characteristic is most closely related to the 'experienced responsibility' critical psychological state?

  • Task significance
  • Feedback from job
  • Autonomy (correct)
  • Task identity

What is the primary outcome of enacting the critical psychological states?

  • Increased job satisfaction
  • Improved work performance
  • Increased employee motivation, satisfaction, and performance (correct)
  • Decreased employee motivation

Which of the following job characteristics is most closely related to the 'experienced meaningfulness' critical psychological state?

  • Feedback from job
  • Any combination of the first three job characteristics (correct)
  • Task significance
  • Autonomy

What is the primary reason why the five job characteristics motivate employees?

<p>They are related to 'critical psychological states' within an employee (A)</p>
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What is the main purpose of the Job Characteristics Model (JCM)?

<p>To identify the five core job characteristics that motivate employees (D)</p>
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Which of the following is NOT one of the five core job characteristics identified by the Job Characteristics Model (JCM)?

<p>Job security (D)</p>
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What is the primary outcome of the 'experienced meaningfulness' critical psychological state?

<p>Increased employee motivation (C)</p>
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What is the primary purpose of the 'feedback from job' job characteristic?

<p>To provide information on how well the job holder is performing (C)</p>
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Which of the following is an example of the 'task significance' job characteristic?

<p>A customer service representative resolving a customer complaint (C)</p>
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What is the relationship between the five job characteristics and the critical psychological states?

<p>The five job characteristics result in the critical psychological states (C)</p>
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What is the primary reason people go to work, according to the Gallup survey?

<p>For the monetary benefits (A)</p>
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What is the definition of work motivation, according to Pinder (1998)?

<p>A set of energetic forces that originate within and beyond an individual (B)</p>
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What is the relationship between motivation, ability, and performance, according to the equation?

<p>Motivation x Ability = Performance (D)</p>
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What is the primary reason for looking at psychological theories to motivate staff?

<p>To apply scientific evidence to motivational practices (B)</p>
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What is the primary focus of the definition of work motivation?

<p>The set of forces that initiate work-related behavior (B)</p>
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What is the main purpose of understanding work motivation?

<p>To initiate and sustain work-related behavior (A)</p>
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What is the primary focus of the Hierarchy of Needs Theory in the context of work motivation?

<p>To identify the universal set of needs that drive human motivation at work (D)</p>
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What is the key assumption underlying the Hierarchy of Needs Theory?

<p>That people will systematically satisfy their needs in a hierarchical order (C)</p>
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Which of the following is a strength of the Hierarchy of Needs Theory?

<p>It provides a comprehensive framework for understanding human motivation (C)</p>
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What is a potential limitation of the Hierarchy of Needs Theory?

<p>It oversimplifies the complexity of human motivation (D)</p>
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How does the Hierarchy of Needs Theory suggest that needs are fulfilled?

<p>Through a hierarchical progression from basic to higher needs (D)</p>
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What is a key implication of the Hierarchy of Needs Theory for workplace motivation?

<p>That employees are motivated by a universal set of needs (C)</p>
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What is the primary motivation behind an individual's desire for fairness in the workplace according to Equity Theory?

<p>A need for social comparison (D)</p>
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What is the outcome of an individual perceiving equity in their work environment?

<p>Job satisfaction and commitment (B)</p>
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What is the result of overpayment in the context of Equity Theory?

<p>A desire to work harder (B)</p>
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What is the basis for an individual's perception of equity according to Equity Theory?

<p>Balance of inputs and outputs (C)</p>
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Who is the researcher associated with the development of Equity Theory?

<p>John Stacey Adams (A)</p>
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What is the consequence of perceiving inequity in the workplace according to Equity Theory?

<p>Feelings of tension and low motivation (D)</p>
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According to Expectancy Theory, what is the main reason people are motivated to work?

<p>When they can see a clear link between effort and rewards (A)</p>
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What is the formula for Motivational Force (MF) in Expectancy Theory?

<p>MF = V x I x E (C)</p>
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What does the Valence (V) term in Expectancy Theory represent?

<p>The feelings of employees about job outcomes (D)</p>
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What is the range of values for the Valence (V) term in Expectancy Theory?

<p>-10 to 10 (A)</p>
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Who is the author of the Expectancy Theory, which proposes that motivation is understood in the form of a mathematical equation?

<p>Victor Vroom (B)</p>
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What are the three components of the Expectancy Theory equation?

<p>Valence, Instrumentality, and Expectancy (A)</p>
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What is a potential negative consequence of goal-setting in the workplace?

<p>It encourages people to use unethical methods to achieve them (A)</p>
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What is a key limitation of goal theory in the context of work motivation?

<p>It draws attention away from the morality of behaviour (C)</p>
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Which of the following is a key difference between goal theory and self-determination theory?

<p>Goal theory focuses on extrinsic motivation, while self-determination theory focuses on intrinsic motivation (D)</p>
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What is the primary reason why goal-setting can lead to a displacement of responsibility?

<p>It helps people to justify unethical behaviour (A)</p>
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According to Barsky (2008), what is a potential negative consequence of goal-setting?

<p>It encourages people to use unethical methods to achieve them (C)</p>
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What is a key difference between goal theory and equity theory?

<p>Goal theory is more focused on the outcomes of behaviour, while equity theory is more focused on the inputs and outcomes (A)</p>
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What is a potential negative consequence of focusing on achievement rather than process?

<p>It draws attention away from the morality of behaviour (D)</p>
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Which of the following is a key similarity between goal theory and self-determination theory?

<p>They both focus on the process of achieving goals (B)</p>
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What is the primary reason why goal-setting can lead to a misrepresentation of performance?

<p>It helps people to justify unethical behaviour (B)</p>
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What is a key characteristic of goal-setting?

<p>It focuses on the outcomes of behaviour (D)</p>
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