Motivation in Management and Leadership

The primary purpose of motivation in business is to stimulate employees to achieve organizational goals.

One method of financial motivation is through performance-related pay, where employees receive bonuses based on their achievements.

Frederick Taylor is known for 'scientific management,' which primarily focuses on improving efficiency through economic incentives.

<p>Herzberg's theory suggests that hygiene factors prevent job dissatisfaction, while motivators actively promote job satisfaction and engagement.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Non-financial motivators, like job enrichment and opportunities for promotion, enhance employee satisfaction and engagement without direct financial compensation.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Employee participation in management can lead to increased loyalty, innovative ideas for improvement, and greater accountability.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>One challenge managers face is understanding the diverse needs and motivations of their employees, which can vary widely.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>A well-motivated workforce typically experiences low labor turnover, as employees are more satisfied and committed to their roles.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Today, workers have a broader range of needs beyond just monetary compensation, such as social and psychological needs.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Time and motion study refers to the observation and recording of staff performance to improve efficiency, which is still used today with employee cooperation.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Worker participation is encouraged today because it fosters collaboration and improves job satisfaction, contrasting with the prescriptive nature of Taylor's methods.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The Hawthorne effect refers to the phenomenon where individuals modify their behavior in response to being observed or studied, emphasizing the importance of worker attention.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The five levels are physical needs, safety needs, social needs, esteem needs, and self-actualization.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>A criticism is that not everyone experiences needs in the same order or intensity, making it difficult to universally apply the hierarchy.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The two types are motivators, which create positive job satisfaction, and hygiene factors, which can lead to negative feelings if not adequately addressed.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Herzberg's findings encourage businesses to focus on enhancing motivators and adequately managing hygiene factors for improved employee engagement.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Complete units of work, feedback on performance, and a range of tasks.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Achievement motivation is the strong desire to reach realistic and challenging goals.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The desire to control others and attain personal prestige and pride.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Motivation is defined as a process governing choices among alternative voluntary activities.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Valence, expectancy, and instrumentality.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>While it can remove dissatisfaction, it does not create the conditions for motivation.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Feedback on performance provides employees with information about their work and areas for improvement.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Valence refers to the value an individual places on the rewards of their performance.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>They may prioritize relationships over the company's best interests.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Vroom's theory focuses on the processes of motivation and rewards rather than the specific needs themselves.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The employee may lose motivation and resign from putting in effort.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Diverse needs can enhance team effectiveness by balancing self-oriented and people-oriented approaches.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Salary, piece rates, commissions, bonuses, and performance-related pay.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>High turnover rates leading to increased recruitment and training costs.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Supervisors can record and monitor the calls made by sales employees.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It can lead to a lack of effort since employees may feel their contributions are not recognized.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>A quality circle is a group of five to ten employees who meet regularly to identify and solve work-related problems.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Quality circles allow employees to suggest solutions based on their experience, which can then be presented to management for potential adoption.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Benefits include improved product quality, enhanced productivity, and increased employee participation.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>One limitation is that not all employees may want to participate, preferring to focus on their individual tasks.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Team members are motivated by the responsibility of decision-making authority and not wanting to let down their peers.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Team working often leads to delayering, which can result in fewer middle managers and lower management costs.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Herzberg's theory suggests that quality circles allow for job enrichment by meeting employees' social and esteem needs.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Not everyone is a team player, and some individuals may perform better when working alone.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Economic needs, particularly money, are a primary motivator for cabin crew.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Performance-related pay can incentivize cabin crew by rewarding their service quality over time.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Salary addresses the physiological needs at the foundation of Maslow's hierarchy.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Fringe benefits, like free travel and medical insurance, significantly enhance motivation and job satisfaction.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>According to Herzberg, absence of hygiene factors like salary leads to job dissatisfaction, while motivators enhance satisfaction.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Ownership through shares reduces conflict with management and aligns employee interests with company success.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Tangible benefits are concrete rewards like salary, while intangible benefits include job satisfaction and recognition.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Teamworking may require training but can enhance collaboration and potentially improve overall job satisfaction.</p> Signup and view all the answers